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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910956278903321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Giugale Marcelo"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Revisiting Ecuador's economic and social agenda in an evolving landscape / / edited by Marcelo M. Giugale, Vicente Fretes-Cibils, Eduardo Somensatto"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Washington, D.C. : , : The World Bank, , 2008"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"0-8213-7146-0"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"pages cm"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"330.9866"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Economics - Ecuador"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Ecuador Economic policy"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Ecuador Economic conditions 1972-"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Ecuador Social policy"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Ecuador Social conditions"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph"]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Intro -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Editor Biographies -- Acronyms and Abbreviations -- Context and Executive Summary -- I. Introduction -- II. Overview -- III. Preserving Stability and Accelerating Growth -- IV. Promoting Sustainable and Equitable Social Development -- V. Improving Governance and Strengthening Institutions . -- Chapter 1. Fiscal Sustainability and Debt Management in Ecuador -- I. Background and Current Contex -- II. Fiscal Trends and Challenges -- III. Fiscal Policy and Public Debt Sustainability -- IV. Public Debt Trends -- V. Policy Options to Strengthen Fiscal Sustainability -- Annex. Public Debt Management -- Bibliography -- Chapter 2. Tax Policy and Administration -- I. Background -- II. Three Primary Problems of Ecuador's Tax Policy -- III. Modernization of the Tax Administration-Two Priority Reforms -- IV. Recommendations -- Annex -- Bibliography -- Chapter 3. The Banking System: Current Context and Remaining Challenges -- I. Profile of Ecuador's Financial System -- II. Structure of the Financial Sector -- III. Liquidity Management and Solvency -- IV. Risk Profile of the Banking System -- V. Policy Recommendations -- Bibliography -- Chapter 4. The Oil and Gas Sector -- I. Current Situation -- II. Principal Aspects of Sector Reform -- III. Final Recommendations -- Annex -- Bibliography -- Chapter 5. Economic Growth through Improved Competitiveness and an "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Enhanced Investment Climate -- I Introduction -- II. Competitiveness Challenges -- III. The Financial Sector -- IV. Policy Recommendations -- Bibliography -- Chapter 6. Electricity Sector -- I. Overview of the Current Situation -- II. Key Challenges -- III. Policy Options -- Bibliography -- Chapter 7. Boosting Sustainable and Equitable Social Development -- I. Sector Overviews, Trends, and Diagnostics -- II. Policy Recommendations -- Bibliography."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Chapter 8. The Pension System -- I. System Diagnostic -- II. Proposed Policy Solutions -- III. Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Chapter 9. Sustainable and Inclusive Rural Development -- I. The Context for Sustainable and Inclusive Development in Ecuador -- II. The Agricultural Sector -- III. The Institutional Setup for Rural Development -- IV. Ethnicity in Rural Development -- V. Environmental and Natural Resources Policy Challenges -- VI. Conclusions and Recommendations -- Annex -- Bibliography -- Chapter 10. Enhancing Public Sector Transparency and Accountability -- I. Three Key Governance Problems: Corruption, Lack of Transparency in Public Management, and Weak Delivery of Justice -- II. Foundations for Further Reform -- III. Policy Alternatives to Increase Transparency and Accountability in Public Administration -- Annex -- Bibliography -- Chapter 11. Labor Market and Civil Service in Ecuador -- I. Labor Market in Ecuador -- II. Civil Service -- Bibliography -- Chapter 12. Decentralization -- I. Introduction -- II. Issues -- III. Moving Forward: Strategy and Policy Options -- Annex -- Bibliography -- Chapter 13. Basic Infrastructure: Water Supply and Sanitation, Telecommunications, Transport, and Urban Planning -- I. Introduction -- II. Description of the Sectors -- III. Diagnosis of the Main Problems and Challenges -- IV. Sectoral Policy Recommendations -- Annex -- Bibliography -- Table Summary of Some Policies for Improving Economic and Social Development in Ecuador -- Table1.1 Ecuador Macroindicators, International Comparisons -- Table 1.2 Banking System Indicators -- Table 1.3 Key External Indicators -- Table 1.4 Main Fiscal Indicators -- Table 1.5 Evolution of Public Wages and Salaries -- Table 1.6a Assumptions Underlying Debt Simulations, 2007-10 -- Table 1.6b Sensitivity of Debt Projections to Fiscal Assumptions."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Table 1.7 Net Central Government Debt -- Table 1.8 Credit Sovereign Debt Rating -- Table 1.9 Total Debt, by Source of Funds -- Table 1.10 Public Debt by Currency -- Table 2.1 Total Income by the Nonfinancial Public Sector and the Central Government, 1995-2006 -- Table 2.2 Selected Tax Administration Indicators, 2001-03 -- Table 2.3 The Structure of the Tax System -- Table 2.4 Estimated Tax Cost of the Internal VAT Exemptions in 2001 -- Table 2.5 Tax Cost of Exemptions on Customs Tariffs and on the VAT on Imports, 2000 and 2001 -- Table 2.6 Preallocation Percentages of the ICE Tax Revenues, 2006 -- Table Summary Table of the Estimated Tax Revenue Effects of the Recommendations in 2006 -- Table Summary Table of the Priority of the Recommendations -- Table Recommendation Matrix -- Table A.1 Value of VAT Exemptions, 2000 -- Table A.2 Value of VAT Exemptions, 2005 -- Table 3.1 Number of Entities in the Financial System -- Table 3.2 Private Banking System: Consolidated Balance Sheet -- Table 3.3 Private Banks: Income Statement -- Table 3.4 Private Bank Financial Indicators -- Table 3.5 Number and Size of Institutions in the Financial System -- Table 3.6 Integration with Global Financial Markets -- Table 3.7 Analysis of Liquidity -- Table 3.8 Liquidity in the Banking System -- Table 3.9 Risk Indicators for the Banking System -- Table 4.1 Ecuador Hydrocarbon Reserves -- Table 4.2 Production, Imports, and Exports of Refined Products -- Table 4.3 Estimate of 2006 Subsidy Levels (without VAT) -- Table 4.4 Average Gasoline and Diesel Prices "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Paid by Domestic Consumers -- Table 4.5 Institutional Structure Proposed for the Oil and Gas Sector -- Table 5.1 Changes in Competitiveness Rank, 2005-06 -- Table 5.2 Constraints to Doing Business in Ecuador -- Table 5.3 Cost and Difficulty of Starting a Business -- Table 5.4 Business Licensing."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Table 5.5 Employment and Competitiveness -- Table 5.6 Tax Burden -- Table 5.7 Requirements and Costs for Importing and Exporting -- Table 5.8 Dimensions of Investor Protection -- Table 5.9 Contract Enforcement -- Table 5.10 Closing a Business -- Table 6.1 Comparative Energy Statistics in Latin America -- Table 6.2 Energy Balance of Distribution Companies, 2001-05 -- Table 6.3 OLADE Electricity Prices in LAC, 2004 -- Table 6.4 Average Price of Electricity for Distributors in Spot Market and Fixed-Term Contracts -- Table 6.5 Estimated Renewable Energy Potential for Electricity Generation -- Table 6.6 Efficiency Indexes of Distribution Companies, 2005 -- Table 6.7 What Happens to 100 kWh Purchased by a Distribution Company -- Table 6.8 Distribution of Tariff Deficit and Arrears to the MEM -- Table 6.9 Options to Eliminate Accumulated and Annual Tariff Deficits -- Table 6.10 Options to Ensure Adequate Investment in Generation -- Table 6.11 Options to Improve Sector Regulation for Price and Tariff Setting -- Table 6.12 Options to Improve Governance to Facilitate Efficiency in the Sector -- Table 6.13 Options to Develop Cost-Effective New and Renewable Energy Sources -- Table 6.14 Options to Maximize Energy Efficiency -- Table 7.1 Increase in Social Spending by Expenditure Group, 2002-05 -- Table 7.2 Real Change of Priority Program Budgets -- Table 7.3 Net Enrollment Rates -- Table 7.4 Internal Efficiency Indicators -- Table 7.5 Total Education Sector Budget -- Table 7.6 Trends in Selected Health-Related MDG Indicators -- Table 7.7 Social Assistance Spending, 2003-06 -- Table 7.8 Nutrition Outcomes of Children under Five in Selected Countries -- Table 7.9 Overview of Social Security Network -- Table 8.1 Average Monthly Pension Benefits, 2000-06 -- Table 9.1 Selected Characteristics of Ecuadoran Subregions."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Table 9.2 Characteristics of Core Rural Territories -- Table 9.3 Total Productivity Contribution of Labor and Capital to the Value-Added Growth, 1994-99 -- Table 9.4 Sources of Farmers' Technical Assistance -- Table A.1 Selected Characteristics of Ecuador's Rural Zones -- Table A.2 Ecuador: Main Dynamic Rural Territories -- Table 10.1 Public Institutions Perceived as Most and Least Transparent -- Table 10.2 Key Areas and Activities of CSOs in Ecuador -- Table 10.3 Average Duration of a Civil Case in Quito -- Table 10.4 Clearance Rate in Pilot Courts -- Table A.1 Ecuador Governance Indicators -- Table A.2 Comparison of Governance Indicators with Other Countries of the Region -- Table A.3 Regulatory Quality, Selected Countries, 2005 -- Table A.4 Rule of Law, Selected Countries, 2005 -- Table 11.1 Economic Growth and Key Indicators for Labor Market -- Table 11.2 Employment Distribution by Sector and Employment Situation -- Table 11.3 Real Monthly Labor Income -- Table 11.4 Structure of Government Jobs under the Public Employees System, 2002 -- Table 12.1 Basic Services Coverage -- Table A.1 Special Laws Governing the Transfer of Resources and Revenue Sharing for the Benefit of Municipalities and Provincial Councils -- Table 13.1 Institutions Related to the Water Supply and Sanitation Sector -- Table 13.2 Service Providers -- Table 13.3 Coverage of Potable Water Supply and Sewerage Services, 2001 -- Table 13.4 Operational Efficiency of Water Supply Companies in a Selection of Large- and Medium-Size Cities -- Table 13.5 Machala: Monthly Expenditure on Water Supply and Sanitation Services-Families with and without Home Connection, 2002 -- Table 13.6 Characteristics "]
[{"$nulls":4},"of the Ecuadoran Road System, by Region -- Table A.1 Measures of Migration as a Proportion of Total Population, by Province."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Table A.2 Characteristics of Poor and Nonpoor Urban Households in Ecuador, 1997-2002."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Ecuadorian society has overcome adversity with great determination over the past few years. Periodic economic crises, external shocks, and even natural disasters tested the country's ability to cope with difficulties. Despite these challenges, the country has maintained a forward looking perspective and has achieved some important goals. Economic stability in the last few years has ushered in a period of sustained economic growth. During this period several development indicators have improved, and several sectors of the economy have demonstrated the dynamism and entrepreneurship that is present in the Ecuadorian culture. Revisiting Ecuador's Economic and Social Agenda in an Evolving Landscape aims to provoke a lively discussion between the World Bank, the new Correa administration, and the entire country, in addressing the unresolved issues that require a thoughtful approach."]