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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910954432303321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Fugile Keith"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Harvesting prosperity : : Technology and productivity growth in agriculture / / Keith Fugile"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Washington : , : World Bank Group, , 2019"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9781464814297"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1464814295"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (pages cm)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"307.140973"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Community development - United States"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Front Cover -- Contents -- Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Abbreviations -- Executive Summary: The Elusive Promise of Productivity -- 1. Sources of Growth in Agriculture -- Improving Agricultural Productivity: Traversing the Last Mile toward Reducing Extreme Poverty -- Poverty Reduction, Productivity Growth, and Economic Transformation -- Trends in Land and Labor Productivity -- Conceptualizing Sources of Agricultural Growth -- The Increasing Importance of TFP in Driving Agricultural Output Growth -- What Will Accelerate Agricultural TFP? -- Annex 1A. Issues in Measuring Agricultural Productivity -- Notes -- References -- 2. Misallocation and Productivity Growth -- The Potential for Productivity Gains from Reallocation -- Insights on Farm Size and Productivity -- Labor Productivity and Structural Transformation -- Annex 2A. Microdata Sources for Measuring Labor Productivity in China and India -- Annex 2B. Distribution of Workdays by Farm and Nonfarm Activities in a Typical Month for an Average Adult Worker in India -- Annex 2C. Labor Productivity Differences by Farm Size -- Annex 2D. Labor Productivity Differences by Education Level -- Annex 2E. Drivers of Wage Differentials between Farm and Nonfarm Work in China -- Notes -- References -- 3.  Investing in Innovation -- Agriculture Innovation Policy in a Changing Global Context -- Agriculture R&amp -- D Spending Worldwide: Increasing but Uneven -- Revitalizing Public Research -- Providing Incentives for Private Innovation -- Concluding Remarks -- Annex 3A. Market Liberalization in Africa's Maize Seed Industry -- Annex 3B. Do Plant Breeders' Rights Stimulate Investment in Crop Improvement? -- Annex 3C. Herbicide Demand and Regional "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Harmonization of Regulations in Africa -- Notes -- References -- 4. Improving the Enabling Environment for Technology Adoption."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Removing Constraints and Adopting Policies to Promote Diffusion of Technology -- The Technology Adoption Puzzle -- Removing Policy Bias against Agriculture -- Closing Education Gaps -- Securing Land Tenure Rights for Smallholders -- Providing Information Services -- Helping Farmers Manage Risk -- Improving Access to Financial Services -- Linking Farmers to Markets -- Concluding Remarks -- Notes -- References -- 5. The Challenge of Agricultural Productivity Policy and the Promise of Modern Value Chains -- The Agricultural Productivity and Innovation System -- The Productivity Policy Dilemma in Agriculture and the Modern Value Chain -- The Emergence of High-Value Markets -- Value Chains and Agricultural Productivity: Some Conceptual Issues -- Models of Value Chain Innovations and Organization -- The Impact of Value Chain Transformations on Productivity -- Cultivating Value Chains -- Concluding Remarks -- Notes -- References -- Boxes -- Box 1.1 Decomposing Sources of Agricultural Growth -- Box 1.2 New Data for Decomposing Agricultural Growth and Measuring Total Factor Productivity -- Box 1.3 Research, Technological Capabilities, and Knowledge Diffusion: Key to the Transformation of -- Box 2.1 Analytically Challenged? The Mechanics of the Agricultural Productivity Gap -- Box 2.2 High-Quality Microdata Sets Provide New Insights on Rural Labor -- Box 3.1 R&amp -- D Capital, R&amp -- D Elasticities, and the Rate of Return to Research -- Box 3.2 The Expansion of Animal Protein Industries in Nigeria and Bangladesh -- Box 3.3 Policies and Innovation in China's Agricultural Machinery Industry -- Box 4.1 Farmer Adoption of Flood-Tolerant Rice in Odisha, India -- Box 4.2 Ethiopia: An Emerging African Success Story in Agricultural-Led Development -- Box 5.1 The Agriculture for Development Sequence."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Box 5.2 Value Chain Innovations and Farm Productivity in Eastern Europe, 1990-2005 -- Box 5.3 Farm-Level Productivity Spillovers of Value Chain Innovations in Two African Countries in the 2000s -- Box 5.4 Examples of Multistakeholder Platforms to Stimulate Innovative Forms of Value Chain Organization -- Box 5.5 Blockchain at the Border: Exploring Whether Blockchain Can Help Rural Entrepreneurs and SMEs Boost Exports and Get Financing -- Box 5.6 Pilot of Distributed Ledger Technology for Traceability and Payment in Haiti's Fresh Fruits -- Figures -- Figure 1.1  An Increase in Agricultural Productivity Has Nearly Twice the Impact on Reducing Extreme Poverty as a Comparable Productivity Increase in Industry or Services -- Figure 1.2 Agricultural Output Has Dramatically Outstripped Population Growth, and Its Relative Price Has Fallen -- Figure 1.3 The Volatility of Agricultural Production, after Falling for Decades, Has Begun to Increase, while Food Output per Capita Is Falling -- Figure 1.4 Africa and South Asia Lag in Average Yield of Cereal Grains -- Figure 1.5 Fifty-Year Trends in Agricultural Land and Labor Productivity Reveal the Large Divergence in Regions and Countries, 1961-2015 -- Figure 1.6 Decomposing Agricultural Economic Growth -- Figure 1.7 Increases in Total Factor Productivity Have Become an Increasingly Important Source of Global Agricultural Growth -- Figure 1.8 As the Amount of Land and Labor Shrinks in the Agricultural Sector, Growth Has Been Entirely Due to Improved Total Factor Producitivity in Both Developed and Developing Countries -- Figure 1.9 A Framework for Raising Agricultural Productivity -- Figure B1.3.1 Technology Adoption in US Agriculture -- Figure B1.3.2 Mechanization in US Agriculture -- Figure 1.10 Half the Countries in Africa Have Zero or Negative Growth in Spending on Agricultural R&amp -- D."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Figure 1A.1 FAO versus Satellite-Based Estimates of Cropland -- Figure 1A.2 A Comparison of Estimates of the Global Agricultural Labor Force -- Figure 1A.3 Estimates of Global Agricultural Capital Based on the Current Inventory Method versus the Perpetual Inventory Method -- Figure 2.1 There Is No Optimal Farm Size: Both Large and Small Farms Can Be Equally Efficient -- Figure 2.2 Across World Regions, Macrostatistics Show That Labor Productivity Is Higher in Industry and Services Than in Agriculture, 2011-15 -- Figure 2.3 Different Measures Yield Different Estimates of the Share of Labor in Agriculture and Other Sectors in Four African Countries -- Figure 2.4 Only about One-Third of Rural Households' Total Work Time Is Spent on Farming Activities in China, 2003-13 -- Figure 2.5 Distribution of Workdays by Farm and Nonfarm Activities in a Typical Month for an Average Adult Worker in India -- Figure 2.6 The Seasonality of Farm Work Is an Important Factor in the Distribution of Workdays Each Month for Adult Rural Workers between Farm and Nonfarm Work -- Figure 2.7 Across the Six Countries Analyzed, Macrostatistics Show That Labor Productivity Is Higher in Industry and Services Than in Agriculture -- Figure 2.8 Gaps in Labor Productivity Observed across Sectors Diminish When a Measure Based on Hours Worked, Rather Than the Primary Sector of Work, Is Used -- Figure 2.9 Average Labor Productivity in China Is Significantly Higher Using Actual Labor Time Spent on Agriculture Instead of Assuming \"Agricultural Workers\" Spend All Their Work Time in Agriculture -- Figure 2.10 Returns to Labor from Farm and Nonfarm Activities in India Vary by How Labor Is Measured, 2010-14 -- Figure 2.11 How Labor Is Measured Completely Changes the Relative Attractiveness of Agriculture Work in India, 2010-14."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Figure 2.12 Trends in Farm and Nonfarm Wages in China: Agricultural Wage Workers Earn a Premium Wage, Which Has Risen over Time -- Figure 2.13 Wages for Farm Work Are Higher Than Casual Nonfarm Wages throughout the Year at the Village Level in India -- Figure 2.14 Wages Reported by Households Confirm the Reverse Wage Gap for Male Workers, but Not Female Workers -- Figure 2B.1 Workdays Spent on Different Activities in a Typical Month for an Average Adult Rural Worker -- Figure 2C.1 Average Earnings by Farm Size, India, 2010-15 -- Figure 2D.1 Annual Earnings by Education Level, India, 2010-14 -- Figure 3.1 Liberalization of Agricultural Input Markets Is Proceeeding in Different Ways in Brazil, India, and China -- Figure 3A.1 Seed Market Reforms Had Different Effects on Maize Yields in Ethiopia, Ghana, Kenya, and Zambia -- Figure 3B.1 One Company Came to Dominate Market Shares of Wheat Varieties Cultivated in South Africa -- Figure 4.1 Evidence That Policies Are Discriminating against Farmers and Lowering the Agricultural Terms of Trade Can Be Found in Negative Nominal and Relative Rates of Assistance -- Figure 4.2 In Many Developing Countries, Gender Gaps Persist in Labor Force Schooling Levels -- Figure 4.3 Agricultural Workers Get Less Schooling Than Nonagricultural Workers -- Figure 4.4 Access to Information and Communication Technologies Is Rapidly Gaining in Developing Countries -- Figure 4.5 In Niger, the Marginal (per Search) Cost of Obtaining Agricultural Information Varies Greatly by Communication Method -- Figure B4.1.1 The Yield Advantage of Swarna-Sub 1 Increases for Up to Two Weeks of Continuous Flooding -- Figure 4.6 High Travel Costs Constrain Crop Production in Sub-Saharan Africa -- Figure 4.7 High Transport Costs Reduce the Use of Modern Agricultural Inputs in Ethiopia."]
[{"$nulls":4},"Figure B4.2.1 Ethiopian Agricultural Growth Soared between 2001 and 2015."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","\"This book documents frontier knowledge on the drivers of agriculture productivity to derive pragmatic policy advice for governments and development partners on reducing poverty and boosting shared prosperity. The analysis describes global trends and long-term sources of total factor productivity growth, along with broad trends in partial factor productivity for land and labor, revisiting the question of scale economies in farming. Technology is central to growth in agricultural productivity, yet across many parts of the developing world, readily available technology is never taken up. We investigate demand-side constraints of the technology equation to analyze factors that might influence producers, particularly poor producers, to adopt modern technology. Agriculture and food systems are rapidly transforming, characterized by shifting food preferences, the rise and growing sophistication of value chains, the increasing globalization of agriculture, and the expanding role of the public and private sectors in bringing about efficient and more rapid productivity growth. In light of this transformation, the analysis focuses on the supply side of the technology equation, exploring how the enabling environment and regulations related to trade and intellectual property rights stimulate Research and Development to raise productivity. The book also discusses emerging developments in modern value chains that contribute to rising productivity. This book is the fourth volume of the World Bank Productivity Project, which seeks to bring frontier thinking on the measurement and determinants of productivity to global policy makers\"--"]