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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910812217703321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Sharon Maheshwar"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"An introduction to the physics and electrochemistry of semiconductors : fundamentals and applications / / Maheshwar Sharon"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Hoboken, New Jersey : , : John Wiley & Sons"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Beverly, Massachusetts : , : Scrivener Publishing, , [2016]"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2016"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"1-119-27435-4"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1-119-27434-6"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1-119-27436-2"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (342 p.)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"537.6/22"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Semiconductors - Electric properties"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Semiconductors - Materials"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Includes index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Cover; Title Page; Copyright Page; Dedication; Contents; Foreword; Preface; 1 Our Universe and the Sun; 1.1 Formation of the Universe; 1.2 Formation of Stars; 1.2.1 Formation of Energy in the Sun; 1.2.2 Description of the Sun; 1.2.3 Transfer of Solar Rays through the Ozone Layer; 1.2.4 Transfer of Solar Layers through Other Layers; 1.2.5 Effect of Position of the Sun vis-à-vis the Earth; 1.2.6 Distribution of Solar Energy; 1.2.7 Solar Intensity Calculation; 1.3 Summary; Reference; 2 Solar Energy and Its Applications; 2.1 Introduction to a Semiconductor; 2.2 Formation of a Compound"]
[{"$nulls":4},"2.2.1 A Classical Approach2.2.2 Why Call It a Band and Not a Level?; 2.2.3 Quantum Chemistry Approach; 2.2.3.1 Wave Nature of an Electron in a Fixed Potential; 2.2.3.2 Wave Nature of an Electron under a Periodically Changing Potential; 2.2.3.3 Concept of a Forbidden Gap in a Material; 2.2.4 Band Model to Explain Conductivity in Solids; 2.2.4.1 Which of the Total Electrons Will Accept the External Energy for Their Excitation?; 2.2.4.2 Density of States; 2.2.4.3 How Do We Find the Numbers of Electrons in These Bands?; 2.2.5 Useful Deductions; 2.2.5.1 Extrinsic Semiconductor"]
[{"$nulls":4},"2.2.5.2 Role of Dopants in the Semiconductor2.3 Quantum Theory Approach to Explain the Effect of Doping; 2.3.1 A Mathematical Approach to Understanding This Problem; 2.3.2 Representation of "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Various Energy Levels in a Semiconductor; 2.4 Types of Carriers in a Semiconductor; 2.4.1 Majority and Minority Carriers; 2.4.2 Direction of Movement of Carriers in a Semiconductor; 2.5 Nature of Band Gaps in Semiconductors; 2.6 Can the Band Gap of a Semiconductor Be Changed?; 2.7 Summary; Further Reading; 3 Theory of Junction Formation; 3.1 Flow of Carriers across the Junction"]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.1.1 Why Do Carriers Flow across an Interface When n- and p-Type Semiconductors Are Joined Together with No Air Gap?3.1.2 Does the Vacuum Level Remain Unaltered, and What Is the Significance of Showing a Bend in the Diagram?; 3.1.3 Why Do We Draw a Horizontal or Exponential Line to Represent the Energy Level in the Semiconductor with a Long Line?; 3.1.4 What Are the Impacts of Migration of Carriers toward the Interface?; 3.2 Representing Energy Levels Graphically; 3.3 Depth of Charge Separation at the Interface of n- and p-Type Semiconductors; 3.4 Nature of Potential at the Interface"]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.4.1 Does Any Current Flow through the Interface?3.4.2 Effect of Application of External Potential to the p:n Junction Formed by the Two Semiconductors; 3.4.2.1 Flow of Carriers from n-Type to p-Type; 3.4.2.2 Flow of Carriers from p-Type to n-Type; 3.4.2.3 Flow of Current due to Holes; 3.4.2.4 Flow of Current due to Electrons; 3.4.3 What Would Happen If Negative Potential Were Applied to a p-Type Semiconductor?; 3.4.3.1 Flow of Majority Carriers from p- to n-Type Semiconductors; 3.4.3.2 Flow of Majority Carriers from n- to p-Type"]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.4.3.3 Flow of Minority Carrier from p- to n-Type Semiconductors"]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910157475103321"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Data Assimilation for Atmospheric, Oceanic and Hydrologic Applications (Vol. III) / / edited by Seon Ki Park, Liang Xu"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2017"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"3-319-43415-2"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed. 2017.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (XXXVI, 553 p. 216 illus., 155 illus. in color.)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"333.7"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Environmental sciences"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Calculus of variations"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Computer simulation"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Atmospheric science"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Oceanography"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Math. Appl. in Environmental Science"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Calculus of Variations and Optimal Control; Optimization"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Simulation and Modeling"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Atmospheric Sciences"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Kernel Methods for Data Assimilation in Geophysical Modeling -- Adjoint-free 4d variational assimilation into regional models,- Investigation of scale sensitivity using a nested adjoint model -- Assessment of radiative effects of hydrometeors in rapid radiative transfer model in support of satellite cloud and precipitation data assimilation -- Data assimilation over complex terrain -- Assessing the impacts of ocean surface winds and 3-D wind measurements on high-impact weather forecasting -- Quantification of Uncertainty in forecast using Polynomial Chaos and Unscented Transformations and their impact in ensemble data assimilation -- Soil Moisture Data Assimilation -- Toward new applications of the adjoint sensitivity tools in variational data assimilation -- Information Quantification for Data Assimilations -- Impact of Data Assimilation on Super Typhoon (2010) -- Forecast sensitivity to observations -- Data assimilation for coupled modeling systems -- GPS TPW Assimilation with the JMA Nonhydrostatic 4DVAR and Cloud Resolving Ensemble Forecast for the 2008 August Tokyo -- "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Validation and operational implementation of the four dimensional variational data assimilation system for the Navy coastal ocean model -- Recent Advances in Bottom Topography Mapping via Data Assimilation in Rivers, Estuaries, and the Coastal Ocean -- Data Assimilation Experiments of Refractivity Observed by JMA Operational Radar -- Stratospheric and Mesospheric Data Assimilation -- A review on variational methods for geophysical flows -- A new multi-outerloop formulation for NAVDAS-AR -- Impact of model physics on assimilation of precipitation and cloudy radiance observations in 4DVar -- A coupled atmosphere-chemistry data assimilation: Application to a tropical cyclone -- Improving the snow albedo parameterization using optimal estimation in land surface modeling -- Study of the impact of uncertainty of climate change on the simulation of terrestrial ecosystem by using the conditional nonlinear optimal perturbation of parameters -- Target Observations for High-impact Ocean-Atmospheric Environmental Events."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","This book contains the most recent progress in data assimilation in meteorology, oceanography and hydrology including land surface. It spans both theoretical and applicative aspects with various methodologies such as variational, Kalman filter, ensemble, Monte Carlo and artificial intelligence methods. Besides data assimilation, other important topics are also covered including targeting observation, sensitivity analysis, and parameter estimation. The book will be useful to individual researchers as well as graduate students for a reference in the field of data assimilation."]