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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910810673003321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Silberztein Max"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Formalizing natural languages : the NooJ approach / / Max Silberztein"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"London, England ; ; Hoboken, New Jersey : , : ISTE : , : Wiley, , 2016"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2016"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"1-119-26414-6"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1-119-26413-8"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (273 p.)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Cognitive Science Series"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"401.51"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Formalization (Linguistics)"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Natural language processing (Computer science)"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Description based upon print version of record."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Table of Contents; Dedication; Title; Copyright; Acknowledgments; 1: Introduction: the Project; 1.1. Characterizing a set of infinite size; 1.2. Computers and linguistics; 1.3. Levels of formalization; 1.4. Not applicable; 1.5. NLP applications; 1.6. Linguistic formalisms: NooJ; 1.7. Conclusion and structure of this book; 1.8. Exercises; 1.9. Internet links; PART 1: Linguistic Units; 2: Formalizing the Alphabet; 2.1. Bits and bytes; 2.2. Digitizing information; 2.3. Representing natural numbers; 2.4. Encoding characters; 2.5. Alphabetical order; 2.6. Classification of characters"]
[{"$nulls":4},"2.7. Conclusion2.8. Exercises; 2.9. Internet links; 3: Defining Vocabulary; 3.1. Multiple vocabularies and the evolution of vocabulary; 3.2. Derivation; 3.3. Atomic linguistic units (ALUs); 3.4. Multiword units versus analyzable sequences of simple words; 3.5. Conclusion; 3.6. Exercises; 3.7. Internet links; 4: Electronic Dictionaries; 4.1. Could editorial dictionaries be reused?; 4.2. LADL electronic dictionaries; 4.3. Dubois and Dubois-Charlier electronic dictionaries; 4.4. Specifications for the construction of an electronic dictionary; 4.5. Conclusion; 4.6. Exercises; 4.7. Internet links"]
[{"$nulls":4},"PART 2: Languages, Grammars and Machines5: Languages, Grammars, and Machines; 5.1. Definitions; 5.2. Generative grammars; 5.3. Chomsky-Schützenberger hierarchy; 5.4. The NooJ approach; 5.5. Conclusion; 5.6. Exercises; 5.7. Internet links; 6: Regular Grammars; 6.1. Regular expressions; 6.2. Finite-state graphs; 6.3. Non-deterministic and deterministic graphs; 6.4. Minimal deterministic "]
[{"$nulls":4},"graphs; 6.5. Kleene's theorem; 6.6. Regular expressions with outputs and finite-state transducers; 6.7. Extensions of regular grammars; 6.8. Conclusion; 6.9. Exercises; 6.10. Internet links"]
[{"$nulls":4},"7: Context-Free Grammars7.1. Recursion; 7.2. Parse trees; 7.3. Conclusion; 7.4. Exercises; 7.5. Internet links; 8: Context-Sensitive Grammars; 8.1. The NooJ approach; 8.2. NooJ contextual constraints; 8.3. NooJ variables; 8.4. Conclusion; 8.5. Exercises; 8.6. Internet links; 9: Unrestricted Grammars; 9.1. Linguistic adequacy; 9.2. Conclusion; 9.3. Exercise; 9.4. Internet links; PART 3: Automatic Linguistic Parsing; 10: Text Annotation Structure; 10.1. Parsing a text; 10.2. Annotations; 10.3. Text annotation structure (TAS); 10.4. Exercise; 10.5. Internet links; 11: Lexical Analysis"]
[{"$nulls":4},"11.1. Tokenization11.2. Word forms; 11.3. Morphological analyses; 11.4. Multiword unit recognition; 11.5. Recognizing expressions; 11.6. Conclusion; 11.7. Exercise; 12: Syntactic Analysis; 12.1. Local grammars; 12.2. Structural grammars; 12.3. Conclusion; 12.4. Exercises; 12.5. Internet links; 13: Transformational Analysis; 13.1. Implementing transformations; 13.2. Theoretical problems; 13.3. Transformational analysis with NooJ; 13.4. Question answering; 13.5. Semantic analysis; 13.6. Machine translation; 13.7. Conclusion; 13.8. Exercises; 13.9. Internet links; Conclusion; Bibliography; Index"]
[{"$nulls":4},"End User License Agreement"]