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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910790957303321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Lieberman Robert C. <1964->"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Shaping race policy [[electronic resource] ] : the United States in comparative perspective / / Robert C. Lieberman"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Princeton, NJ, : Princeton University Press, c2005"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9786613134691"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1-4008-3746-4"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1-283-13469-1"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[Course Book]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (335 p.)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Princeton studies in American politics"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"323.173"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"African Americans - Government policy"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Minorities - Government policy - United States"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Welfare state - United States"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Manpower policy - United States"]
[{"$nulls":4},"United States Race relations Political aspects"]
[{"$nulls":4},"United States Social policy"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Description based upon print version of record."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Frontmatter -- CONTENTS -- LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS -- LIST OF TABLES -- PREFACE -- CHAPTER ONE. Configurations of Race and State: The Politics of Racial Incorporation -- CHAPTER TWO. Legacies of Slavery and Colonialism: Race and the Politics of Social Reform -- CHAPTER THREE. The Roots of Welfare Incorporation -- CHAPTER FOUR. Postwar Transformations of Race and State -- CHAPTER FIVE. Encounters with the Welfare State: Social Security and Social Insurance -- CHAPTER SIX. Encounters with the Welfare State: Public Assistance and \"Welfare\" -- CHAPTER SEVEN. The Development of Employment Discrimination Policy -- CHAPTER EIGHT. Weak State, Strong Policy: Paradoxes of Antidiscrimination Policy -- CHAPTER NINE. Toward a Color-Blind Future: Varieties of Color Blindness and the Future of Race Policy -- NOTES -- INDEX -- Backmatter"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Shaping Race Policy investigates one of the most serious policy challenges facing the United States today: the stubborn persistence of racial inequality in the post-civil rights era. Unlike other books on the topic, it is comparative, examining American developments alongside parallel histories of race policy in Great Britain and France. Focusing on "]
[{"$nulls":4},"on two key policy areas, welfare and employment, the book asks why America has had such uneven success at incorporating African Americans and other minorities into the full benefits of citizenship. Robert Lieberman explores the historical roots of racial incorporation in these policy areas over the course of the twentieth century and explains both the relative success of antidiscrimination policy and the failure of the American welfare state to address racial inequality. He chronicles the rise and resilience of affirmative action, including commentary on the recent University of Michigan affirmative action cases decided by the Supreme Court. He also shows how nominally color-blind policies can have racially biased effects, and challenges the common wisdom that color-blind policies are morally and politically superior and that race-conscious policies are merely second best. Shaping Race Policy has two innovative features that distinguish it from other works in the area. First, it is comparative, examining American developments alongside parallel histories of race policy in Great Britain and France. Second, its argument merges ideas and institutions, which are usually considered separate and competing factors, into a comprehensive and integrated explanatory approach. The book highlights the importance of two factors--America's distinctive political institutions and the characteristic American tension between race consciousness and color blindness--in accounting for the curious pattern of success and failure in American race policy."]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910437604803321"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Evolution and senses : opsins, bitter taste, and olfaction / / Yoshinori Shichida ... [et al.]"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"New York, : Springer, 2013"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"4-431-54222-1"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed. 2013.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (46 p.)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"SpringerBriefs in biology"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"591.38"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Adaptation (Biology)"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Evolution (Biology)"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Senses and sensation"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Description based upon print version of record."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Evolution and Senses; Foreword; Preface; Contents; Chapter 1: Molecular Aspects of Evolution and Diversity of Animal Photoreception; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Visual Pigments and Signal Transduction Cascades in Vertebrates; 1.2.1 Vertebrate Visual Cells and Visual Pigments; 1.2.2 Comparison of Rod and Cone Visual Pigments; 1.2.3 Ascidian Opsin; 1.3 Visual Pigments and Signal Transduction Cascades in Invertebrates; 1.3.1 Signal Transduction in Rhabdomeric Visual Cells; 1.3.2 Signal Transduction in Invertebrate Ciliary Visual Cells; 1.4 Non-visual Opsins and Signal Transduction Cascades"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1.4.1 A Variety of Non-visual Opsins1.4.2 Photoisomerases; 1.4.3 Vertebrate Non-visual Opsins; 1.4.4 Opn4 (Melanopsin); 1.4.5 Opn3 (Encephalopsin, Panopsin); 1.4.6 Opn5 (Neuropsin); 1.5 Diversity of the Molecular Properties of Opsins; 1.5.1 Diversity of Counterion; 1.5.2 Diversity of Photoreaction Process and Active State Stability; 1.5.3 Diversity of Binding Retinal Isomers; 1.6 Concluding Remarks; References; Chapter 2: Bitter Taste Receptors of Primates; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Analysis of Bitter Taste Receptor Sequences; 2.3 Population Genetics of Chimpanzee TAS2Rs"]
[{"$nulls":4},"2.4 Genomic and Behavioral Analysis of Japanese Macaque TAS2Rs2.5 Taste and Feeding Behaviors in Primate Species; References; Chapter 3: Aquatic Adaptation and the Evolution of the Loss of Olfaction in Amniotes; 3.1 Introduction: Back to the Place Where Vertebrates Originated; 3.2 Olfaction in Cetaceans; 3.3 Olfaction in Sea Snakes; 3.4 General Discussion; References"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","This book focuses on sensing and the evolution of animals. Using the five senses (visual, auditory, and olfactory perception, and taste and touch), animals can receive environmental stimuli and respond to them. Changes in these sensitivities might cause changes in aspects of animals’ lives such as habitat, activity timing, and diet—and vice versa. Recent advances in genome and molecular analysis enable us to investigate certain changes in the receptors or mechanisms involved in sensing and provide clues for understanding the evolution of animals related to those changes. The first chapter deals with the molecular evolution of opsins. In addition to the well-known function of opsins as visual receptors, opsins can be related to non-visual photoreception such as photoentrainment of circadian rhythm, photoperiodism, and background adaptation. Molecular phylogenic studies reveal that all opsin genes have evolved from one ancient opsin gene. The evaluation of the functions of each extant opsin protein based on the molecular features enables us to predict the molecular evolution and diversification of opsins during the evolution of animals. These studies shed light on which amino-acid substitutions cause the functional diversification of opsins and how they have influenced the evolution of animals. The second chapter has to do with bitter taste perception, a key detection mechanism against the ingestion of bioactive substances. Genetic and behavioral evidence reveal the existence of \"non-taster\" Japanese macaques for specific bitter compounds, which originated in a restricted region of Japan. This finding might provide a clue for elucidating the ecological, evolutionary, and neurobiological aspects of bitter taste perception of primates. The third chapter presents an extreme example of the evolution of olfaction, namely, that fully aquatic amniotes have generally reduced their olfactory capacity considerably compared to their terrestrial relatives. Interestingly, the remaining olfactory abilities are quite different among three fully aquatic amniotes investigated: toothed whales have no nervous system structures that mediate olfaction, but baleen whales can smell in air, and it has been suggested that sea snakes smell underwater."]