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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNISA990000800120203316"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"MANGANELLI, Giorgio <1922-1990>"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Il presepio / Giorgio Manganelli ; a cura di Ebe Flamini"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Milano, : Adelphi, [1982]"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"88-459-0938-7"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"136 p ; 22 cm"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Biblioteca Adelphi ; 260"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"853.914"]
[null,null,"Collocazione",null,"VI.3.A. 201 (VARIE COLL 87/260)"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Italiano"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910746983803321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Rotaru Julieta"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"The Wallachian Gold-Washers : Unlocking the Golden Past of the Rudari Woodworkers / Julieta Rotaru, David Gaunt"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Paderborn, : Brill | Schöningh, 2023"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"3-657-79038-1"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Roma History and Culture ; 2"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"904.7"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"family"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Romania"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Roma"]
[{"$nulls":4},"history"]
[{"$nulls":4},"demography"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Gypsies"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Intro -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Notes on the Use of Terminology -- Abbreviations -- List of Tables, Diagrams, Maps and Illustrations -- Introduction: Scope and Limits of the Study -- Chapter 1 Literature Review -- 1.1 The Linguists -- 1.1.1 While Mapping the Daco-Romanian Dialects: Gustav Weigand -- 1.1.2 Further Mapping: Atlas of Romanian Language II, Emil Petrovici and Ion Gheție -- 1.1.3 The First Description of a Dialect Spoken by Rudari in Romania: Ion Calotă -- 1.1.4 Towards a Comparative Dialectal Description: Nicolae Saramandu -- 1.1.5 The Dialectal Geography of the Rudari: Thede Kahl -- 1.1.6 Conclusions -- 1.2 The Ethnographers, Historians, Anthropologists -- 1.2.1 Paul Bataillard (1816-1894) -- 1.2.2 Martin Block (1891-1972) -- 1.2.3 A Momentum, Ion Chelcea -- 1.2.4 Further Ethnological Investigations in the Muscel Region -- 1.2.5 Recent Fieldwork in Oltenia -- 1.2.6 Conclusion -- 1.3 Sources -- 1.3.1 Cozia Monastery Registers -- 1.3.1.1 Description of the Manuscripts from ANIC -- 1.3.1.2 Previous Research -- 1.3.2 The 1838 Census of Population, Houses and Agriculture -- Chapter 2 Wallachia, from its Rise until the Mid-Nineteenth Century -- Chapter 3 The Time and Space of the Gold-Washers -- 3.1 The Legacy from Antiquity -- 3.2 Renewal of Mining in the Middle Ages and early Modern Era -- 3.3 Conclusions -- Chapter 4 Different Names in Different Times -- 4.1 "]
[{"$nulls":4},"AURAR, pl. AURARI -- 4.1.1 The Rich Lexical Family of aur -- 4.1.2 First Occurrence of the Term aurar: the Case of Stanciul Aurarul -- 4.1.3 Further Uses of the Term aurar -- 4.2 ZLĂTAR, pl. ZLĂTARI -- 4.2.1 First Occurrences of the Term zlătar -- 4.2.2 Requalification of the zlătari into Steelmakers -- 4.2.3 The High Status Zlătari. The Case of Mihai Oțel - 'Michael the Steel' -- 4.2.4 Other Occurrences of oțelar 'Steelmaker'."]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.2.5 Later Occurrences of the Term zlătar in Wallachia -- 4.2.6 Conclusion: Co-Occurrence of the Terms aurar and zlătar, Replacement and Semantic Shift -- 4.3 RUDAR, pl. RUDARI -- 4.3.1 The First Occurrence of the Term rudar, Mid-Sixteenth Century -- 4.3.2 Last Rudar Gold-Washers, Mid-Nineteenth Century -- 4.4 BĂIEȘ, pl. BĂIEȘI -- 4.5 LINGURAR, pl. LINGURARI -- 4.6 Conclusions -- Chapter 5 Considerations on the Terminology of Slavery, rob and țigan -- 5.1 The Semantical Evolution of the Terms rob, țigan, celiad, sălaș -- 5.1.1 ROB, ROBIE -- 5.1.2 ȚIGAN and CELIAD/SĂLAȘ -- 5.2 Conclusions -- Chapter 6 The Relations of Cozia Monastery with the Rudari (1388-1716) -- 6.1 The Emergence of the State of Wallachia -- 6.2 The Donation Act According to the Registers of the Cozia Monastery -- 6.3 Wallachia's Gold -- 6.4 Mining Traditions and Regulations -- 6.5 Copper Mines in Oltenia -- 6.6 Organising Gold Mining in Wallachia -- 6.7 Institutionalisation of the Rudari -- 6.8 Rethinking the Donation of the Rudari -- 6.9 The rob Slave Status of the Rudari -- 6.10 Conclusion -- Chapter 7 Enlightened Reforms and the Rudari: the Early Eighteenth Century to the Mid-Nineteenth Century -- 7.1 Rudari during the Austrian Occupation of Oltenia (1718-1739) -- 7.1.1 Annexation of Oltenia Region to the Habsburg Empire -- 7.1.2 Agriculture and Domestic Craft Industry -- 7.1.3 Mining in Austrian Oltenia -- 7.1.4 Austrian Economic Reforms -- 7.1.5 Rudari in Austrian Oltenia: First Steps towards Liberation -- 7.1.6 Migration of the Rudari from Oltenia to the Austrian Territory -- 7.1.7 The Development of Banat Mining from 1722 to 1763 -- 7.1.8 Other Austrian Reforms -- 7.1.9 Oltenia's Reunification with Wallachia -- 7.1.10 Further Changes in the Rudari's Status -- 7.2 War of 1787-1792 and the Rudari -- 7.3 Russians Transform the Rudari (1828-1834)."]
[{"$nulls":4},"7.4 The Gold-Washers and Spoon-Makers in the Organic Statutes -- 7.5 Relocation of Rudari from their Ancient Settlements -- 7.6 Divisions among the Rudari -- 7.7 Conclusion -- Chapter 8 The Rudari's Occupational Transition -- 8.1 Gold Production -- 8.2 Socio-Economic Conditions of the Rudari in Mid-Nineteenth Century -- 8.3 Țigani as Gold-Washers -- 8.4 The Lingurari -- 8.5 The Zlătari -- 8.6 Further Divisions of the Rudari -- Conclusions -- Bibliography -- Manuscripts -- Collections of Documents, Dictionaries, Encyclopedias, Dataset, etc -- Works on Rudari, Boyash etc -- Linguistic Works -- Works on History of Mining and Metallurgy -- Works on Ancient History -- Other Cited Works -- Appendix -- 1‒29: Official Documents of the Voivodal Chancellery Regarding the Rudari from the Cozia Monastery Registers -- 30: The lists of the Rudari of Cozia Monastery, 1794 -- 31-34: Documents from the Moldavian Chancellery Referring to the Rudari (Eighteenth Century) -- 35: Application for a gold-washing concession from Alexandru Popovici, the engineer of Brăila city, addressed to Gheorghe Bibescu, the Ruler of Wallachia, on March 21, 1843 -- 36-39: Lists of the Localities43 Inhabited by the Rudari, etc Reconstructed from the 1838 Census and Marele Dicţionar Geografic -- Index locorum (localities, monasteries, rivers)."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","This is the first monograph on the history of the Rudari people of Romania and the first mapping of their settlements. The Rudari are a population which has traditionally inhabited the Balkan area and much "]
[{"$nulls":4},"of Central Europe. Many of them do not know the Romani language but speak Romanian dialects and today make a living out of carving wooden household items, although their Slavic name alludes to mining. Indeed, the Rudari were for centuries gold-prospectors and gold-washers working for the Crown of Wallachia and were administrated as slaves by a monastery situated on the auriferous Olt river. The authors have reconstructed the fascinating history of this ethnic group for a period of 500 years until the 19th century when gold-panning went in decline due to the exhaustion of the reserves of alluvial gold."]