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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910697860703321"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Export controls [[electronic resource] ] : challenges with Commerce's Validated End-User program may limit its ability to ensure that semiconductor equipment exported to China is used as intended : report to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, House of Representatives"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"[Washington, D.C.] : , : U.S. Govt. Accountability Office, , [2008]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"ii, 46 pages : digital, PDF file"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Semiconductor industry - United States"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Semiconductor industry - China"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Export controls - United States"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Technology transfer - Government policy - United States"]
[{"$nulls":4},"National security - United States"]
[{"$nulls":4},"United States Foreign economic relations China"]
[{"$nulls":4},"China Foreign economic relations United States"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Title from title screen (viewed on Oct. 28, 2008)."]
[{"$nulls":4},"\"September 2008.\""]
[{"$nulls":4},"Paper version available from: U.S. Govt. Acountability Office, 441 G St., NW, Rm. LM, Washington, D.C. 20548."]
[{"$nulls":4},"\"GAO-08-1095.\""]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Semiconductors are key components in weapons systems and consumer electronics. Since semiconductors have both civilian and military applications, U.S. export control policy treats the equipment and materials used to manufacture semiconductors as \"dual-use\" items, and controls the export of these items through licensing requirements to sensitive destinations such as China. [We updated] our 2002 report on China's semiconductor manufacturing capabilities to address the (1) evolution of China's capabilities since 2002, (2) changes to U.S. export control policies over the sale of semiconductor manufacturing equipment and materials to China since 2002, and (3) the advantages and limitations of these changes."]