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[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Pediatric diagnostic labs for primary care : an evidence-based approach / / edited by Rita Marie John"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2022]"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2022"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9783030906429"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9783030906412"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (489 pages)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"618.920075"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Children - Diseases - Diagnosis"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Intro -- Foreword -- Acknowledgment -- Contents -- 1: Pediatric Diagnostic Lab Tests: An Overview -- 1.1  Unique Issues in Pediatric Blood and Urine Collection -- 1.1.1  Blood Sampling in Pediatric Patients -- 1.1.2  Collection of Pediatric Blood and Urine Samples -- 1.1.3  Handling and Timing of the Specimen before Processing -- 1.2  Key Concepts in the Interpretation of Lab Tests -- 1.2.1  Overview -- 1.2.2  Precision, Mean, and Standard Deviation -- 1.2.3  The Relevance of Sensitivity and Specificity in the Diagnostic Process -- 1.2.4  Test Accuracy -- 1.3  Evidence-Based Practice and Diagnostic Tests -- 1.3.1  Appraising the Quality of a Study Evaluating Performance of a Diagnostic Test -- 1.3.2  Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies -- 1.4  Purpose of Laboratory Testing -- 1.4.1  Screening Tests -- 1.4.2  Diagnosis and Laboratory Tests -- 1.4.3  Establishment of Test Value Cutoffs -- 1.4.4  Real-Life Examples -- 1.5  How Will a Test Perform in a Patient Population? -- 1.5.1  Positive and Negative Predictive Values -- 1.5.2  Real-Life Examples -- 1.5.3  Positive and Negative Likelihood Ratios -- 1.5.3.1  Fagan's Nomogram -- 1.5.4  Real-Life Example -- 1.5.5  Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve -- 1.5.6  Real-Life Example: Case 1 -- 1.5.7  Real-Life Example -- 1.6  Diagnostic Reasoning -- 1.6.1  Diagnostic Stewardship -- 1.6.2  Underordering Diagnostic Laboratory Tests -- Websites -- References -- 2: Laboratory Screening and Diagnostic Testing in Antepartum Care -- 2.1  Introduction -- 2.2  Health Disparities -- 2.3  Laboratory Tests and Pregnancy -- 2.3.1  Understanding Pregnancy Diagnostic Testing -- 2.3.1.1  Urine "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Pregnancy Test -- 2.3.1.2  Serum Pregnancy Test -- 2.4  Diagnostic Testing to Confirm Gestational Age -- 2.5  Initial Visit -- 2.5.1  Routine Prenatal Labs."]
[{"$nulls":4},"2.5.1.1  ABO and Rh Blood Typing -- 2.5.1.2  Antibody Screen -- 2.5.1.3  Noninvasive Prenatal Testing for Fetal Blood and Rh Type -- 2.5.1.4  Complete Blood Count -- 2.5.1.5  Platelet Count -- 2.5.1.6  Hemoglobin Electrophoresis -- 2.5.1.7  Urine Culture/Screen -- 2.5.1.8  Urine Dipstick -- 2.5.2  Real-World Example -- 2.6  Sexually Transmitted Infections -- 2.6.1  Testing for Sexually Transmitted Infections -- 2.6.1.1  Gonorrhea and Chlamydia -- 2.6.1.2  Syphilis -- 2.6.1.3  HIV -- 2.6.1.4  Hepatitis B Virus -- 2.6.1.5  Trichomonas, Bacterial Vaginosis, and HSV -- 2.7  Other Infectious Diseases: TORCH Infections -- 2.7.1  Rubella -- 2.7.1.1  Rubella IgG -- 2.7.2  HSV -- 2.7.3  Hepatitis C -- 2.7.4  Cervical Cancer and Human Papilloma Virus Screening -- 2.7.5  Screening for Tuberculosis -- 2.7.6  Real-Life Example -- 2.8  Blood Lead Level Screening -- 2.9  Late Pregnancy Laboratory Screening and Testing -- 2.9.1  Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Screening (24-28 Weeks) -- 2.9.1.1  Screening for Gestational Diabetes: The One-Step Method -- 2.9.1.2  Screening for Gestational Diabetes: The Two-Step Method -- 2.9.1.3  Other Laboratory Tests Used, but Not Recommended for Gestational Diabetes -- 2.9.1.4  Group B Streptococcal Screening (36-38 Weeks) -- 2.9.2  Testing for Rupture of Membranes -- 2.9.2.1  Nitrazine Strip/pH Testing -- 2.9.2.2  Point of Care Fetal Fibronectin Tests/Amniotic Proteins -- 2.9.3  Real-Life Example -- 2.10  Fetal Surveillance -- 2.10.1  Methods of Fetal Surveillance -- 2.10.1.1  The Nonstress Test (NST) -- 2.10.1.2  The Contraction Stress Test (CST) -- 2.10.1.3  Amniotic Fluid Index (AFI) and Maximum Vertical Pocket (MVP) -- 2.10.1.4  Biophysical Profile (BPP) -- 2.10.1.5  Umbilical Artery Doppler Velocimetry -- 2.10.1.6  Maternal-Fetal Movement Assessment -- 2.10.2  Real-Life Example -- 2.11  Genetic Screening and Testing."]
[{"$nulls":4},"2.11.1  Prenatal Screening Versus Diagnostic Testing -- 2.11.1.1  Carrier Screening for Genetic Conditions -- 2.11.2  First-Trimester Screening -- 2.11.2.1  Cell-Free DNA (cfDNA) -- 2.11.2.2  Diagnostic Testing Options: Chorionic Villus Sampling and Amniocentesis -- 2.11.3  Second-Trimester Screening -- 2.11.3.1  Triple and Quadruple Screen -- 2.11.3.2  Aneuploidy -- 2.11.4  Neural Tube Defects -- 2.11.5  Real-Life Example -- 2.12  Summary and Conclusions -- References -- 3: Care of the Newborn -- 3.1  Introduction -- 3.2  The Newborn Period -- 3.2.1  Overview of Newborn Screening -- 3.2.1.1  Conditions on the NBS Panel -- 3.3  Newborn Screening Process -- 3.3.1  Sample Collection -- 3.3.1.1  Methods Used for Newborn Screening -- 3.4  Notification of NBS Results and Follow-Up of Abnormal Screening -- 3.4.1  Verification of Diagnosis -- 3.4.2  Education of Health Professionals and Public -- 3.4.3  Ongoing Quality Improvement -- 3.5  Considerations and Issues Affecting NBS Results -- 3.5.1  Prematurity and Illness -- 3.5.2  Maternal Conditions/Diet -- 3.5.3  Process Errors -- 3.6  Ethical Issues -- 3.6.1  Parental Education and Consent -- 3.6.2  Result Ambiguity -- 3.6.3  Unintentional Results -- 3.6.4  Consideration for Other Family Members -- 3.6.5  Storage of Blood Spot Specimens -- 3.6.6  Resource Inequity -- 3.7  Specific Information about Screening Tests -- 3.7.1  Specific Screening Tests -- 3.7.1.1  Congenital Hypothyroidism -- 3.7.1.2  Hemoglobinopathy Screening -- 3.7.2  Real-Life Examples -- 3.7.3  Possible Diagnostic Labs Following Delivery -- 3.7.3.1  CBC -- 3.7.3.2  Clotting Tests and Coagulation Disorders -- 3.7.3.3  Direct Antigen Test or Direct Coombs -- 3.7.3.4  Blood Type -- 3.7.3.5  Genetic Testing for Undiagnosed Perinatal Diseases -- 3.7.3.6  Bilirubin -- 3.7.3.7  "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Glucose."]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.7.3.8  Apt Test, Kleihauer-Betke Test, Rosette Tests, and Flow Cytometry -- 3.7.3.9  C-Reactive Protein (CRP) -- 3.7.3.10  Procalcitonin -- 3.7.3.11  Blood Cultures -- 3.7.3.12  Molecular Methods in Possible Septic Infants -- 3.7.4  Real-Life Examples -- 3.8  Evaluation of the Well Newborn with a Fever -- 3.9  Congenital Infection -- 3.9.1  Herpes Simplex Virus -- 3.9.2  Congenital Cytomegalovirus (CMV) -- 3.9.2.1  Urine and/or Saliva for CMV -- 3.9.3  Syphilis -- 3.9.3.1  VDRL and RPR -- 3.9.4  HIV -- 3.9.4.1  HIV DNA and HIV RNA PCR Assays -- 3.9.5  ZIKA Virus -- 3.9.5.1  PCR Testing for Infants with Possible ZIKV Exposure -- 3.9.6  Hepatitis B -- 3.9.7  Hepatitis C -- 3.9.7.1  HCV RNA PCR -- 3.9.8  Congenital Toxoplasmosis -- 3.9.9  Chagas Disease -- 3.9.9.1  Direct Microscopic Examination -- 3.9.9.2  PCR -- 3.9.9.3  Serology -- 3.9.10  Real-Life Examples -- References -- Additional Reading for Specific Conditions in the Newborn Screening -- 4: The Well Pediatric Primary Care Visit and Screening Laboratory Tests -- 4.1  Introduction -- 4.2  The Newborn Visit -- 4.2.1  Newborn Screening Follow-Up -- 4.2.1.1  HIV Screening -- 4.2.1.2  Newborn Bilirubin -- 4.2.2  Real-Life Example -- 4.3  Anemia Screening -- 4.3.1  Real-Life Examples -- 4.4  Lead Screening and Testing -- 4.4.1  Lead Screening Techniques -- 4.4.1.1  Capillary Lead Screening -- 4.4.1.2  Venous Lead Screening -- 4.4.2  Other Markers of Lead Toxicity -- 4.4.2.1  Elevated Zinc Protoporphyrin and Free Erythrocyte Protoporphyrin -- 4.4.2.2  Delta Aminolevulinic Acid (ALAD) -- 4.4.2.3  CBC -- 4.4.3  Real-Life Examples -- 4.5  Routine Dyslipidemia Screening -- 4.5.1  Lipid Screening Tests -- 4.5.1.1  Cholesterol -- 4.5.1.2  Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C) -- 4.5.1.3  Non-high-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) -- 4.5.1.4  High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C)."]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.5.1.5  Lipoprotein A -- 4.5.1.6  ApoA1 -- 4.5.1.7  ApoB 100 -- 4.5.1.8  Triglycerides (TG) -- 4.5.1.9  Genetic Testing when Familial Dyslipidemia Is Identified -- 4.5.2  Real-Life Example -- 4.6  Screening for Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) -- 4.6.1  IGRA Versus TST -- 4.7  Urinalysis -- 4.8  The Child Who Is Overweight or Obese -- 4.8.1  Diabetic Screening -- 4.8.2  Dyslipidemia Screening -- 4.8.3  Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) -- 4.8.3.1  Evaluation of Elevated Androgen -- 4.8.4  Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) -- 4.8.4.1  ALT and AST -- AST -- 4.8.5  Real-Life Example -- 4.9  Special Adolescent Issues -- 4.9.1  Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) -- 4.9.1.1  Nucleic Acid Amplification Tests for Chlamydia (CT) and Gonorrhea (GC) -- 4.9.1.2  Culture for CT and GC -- 4.9.1.3  Complement Fixation for CT -- 4.9.1.4  Point-of-Care Tests for CT -- 4.9.2  HIV Screening -- 4.9.3  Syphilis -- 4.9.4  Trichomonas Vaginalis -- 4.9.4.1  Antigen-Based Testing for TV Using Immunochromatographic Capillary Flow -- 4.9.4.2  DNA Hybridization Probe -- 4.9.4.3  Nucleic Acid Amplification Test (NAAT) -- 4.9.4.4  Culture of T Vaginalis -- 4.9.5  Real-Life Example -- 4.9.5.1  Drug Screening -- 4.9.5.2  Screening Tools -- 4.9.5.3  Immunoassay Urine Drug Testing -- 4.9.5.4  Chromatographic Methods (CM) -- 4.9.6  Real-Life Example -- Websites -- References -- Further Reading -- 5: Point-of-Care Testing in Primary Care -- 5.1  Introduction -- 5.2  Overview of Point-of-Care Testing -- 5.2.1  POCT and CLIA Regulations -- 5.2.2  Collection Sites for POCT -- 5.2.2.1  Throat Specimen Collection -- 5.2.2.2  Nasal Swab (NS), Mid-Turbinate Specimens (MTS), and Nasopharyngeal Specimen Collection -- 5.3  POCT for Group A Streptococcal Infection -- 5.3.1  Clinical Indications for Strep Testing -- 5.3.2  Differential Diagnosis of Throat Symptoms."]
[{"$nulls":4},"5.3.3  Types of Rapid Antigen Detection Tests."]