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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910522946003321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Bailey John Cann <1864-1931, >"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Inventive geniuses who changed the world : fifty-three great British scientists and engineers and five centuries of innovation / / John Bailey"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Cham, Switzerland : , : Springer, , [2022]"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2022"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9783030813819"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9783030813802"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (489 pages)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"307.76"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Technological innovations - Great Britain"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Engineers - Great Britain"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Engineers"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Includes index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Intro -- Preface -- Scope -- How Were These Fifty-Three Eminent British Scientists and Engineers Chosen? -- Sources of Information -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Background to the Manuscript -- 1.2 National and Personal Attributes of, and Characteristics for, Scientific and Engineering Greatness -- 1.3 Dissemination of Information and the Importance of Education -- 1.4 Technological Advances -- The Victorian Era and Empire -- 2 \"Revolutions\"-Scientific, Agricultural and Industrial -- 2.1 Revolutionary Change -- 2.2 The World's Scientific Revolution -- 2.3 Britain's 2nd Agricultural Revolution as a Precursor to Its Industrial Revolution -- 2.4 Birthplace of the First Industrial Revolution-Why did it Occur? Why did Occur When it did? Why did it Occur in Great Britain Before Other Nations? -- 2.5 Why Was Britain So Receptive and Responsive to the Application of Science, Technology and Engineering in Industry? -- 3 The Steam Age-Evolution of Steam Engines and the 1st Steam Locomotive -- 3.1 Précis. The Age of Steam Power -- 3.2 Thomas Savery (C. 1650-1715)-1st Generation Steam Engine with No Moving Parts -- 3.3 Thomas Newcomen (1663-1729) Atmospheric, 2nd Generation Steam Engine and Pump Shaft -- 3.4 James Watt (1736-1819)-Mechanical Engineer, Inventor, and Key Figure in the Industrial Revolution. More Efficient and Versatile, 3rd Generation Steam Engines -- 3.5 Richard Trevithick (1771-1833)-High-Pressure, 4th Generation "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Steam Engine and 'Father' of the Steam Locomotive -- 4 Advances in Forms of Transport-Steam Locomotives, Cycle Tyres, Oceanic Liners, and Jet Aircraft. Transport Infrastructure-Canals, Roads, and Commercial Railways -- 4.1 Précis. The Canal Age, the Railway Age, Oceanic Travel and the Jet Age -- 4.2 James Brindley (1716-1772)-Canal Engineer and Builder. The 'Canal Age' -- 4.2.1 Background and Early Life."]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.2.2 Navigable, Inland Waterways, Including Fossdyke and Sankey Brook. French Artificial Canals -- 4.2.3 The Bridgewater Canal and Brindley's Input to the Golden Age of Canals. Deaths of Brindley (1772) and the Duke of Bridgewater (1803) -- 4.2.4 Brindley's Input to Other Canal Projects -- 4.2.5 Trent and Mersey Canal (T&amp -- M). Wedgewood Pottery -- 4.2.6 Canal Mania -- 4.2.7 Canals in the Nineteenth Century. Competition from Railways. The Manchester Ship Canal -- 4.2.8 Canals in the Twentieth and Twenty-First Centuries -- 4.2.9 Brindley's Legacy -- 4.3 John Louden McAdam (1756-1836)-Road Builder -- 4.4 George Stephenson (1781-1848) and Robert Stephenson FRS, HFRSE, DCL (1803-1859)-Civil and Mechanical Engineers. Refinements to Steam Locomotives and Pioneers of Steam Railways. The 'Railway Age' and the Electromagnetic Telegraph -- 4.4.1 Their Early Years -- 4.4.2 George Stephenson's 1st Steam Locomotive for Freight Haulage on Privately Owned Rail Tracks -- 4.4.3 George and Robert Stephenson's First Steam Locomotive for Freight and Paying Passengers. The Stockton and Darlington Railway (S&amp -- DR). Standard Gauge Rail Track -- 4.4.4 The Liverpool and Manchester Railway (L&amp -- MR). The Rocket Travelling Engine Built by Robert Stephenson &amp -- Co. -- 4.4.5 Speed of Travel vis-à-vis Horses -- Railway Mania -- the Flying Scotsman and Mallard -- Changes to Society and GMT -- 4.4.6 Telegraphic Signalling -- 4.4.7 Their Distinctions, Decorations, and Legacy -- 4.5 Isambard Kingdom Brunel FRS (1806-1859)-Mechanical and Civil Engineer -- Marine Technologist -- 4.5.1 Family Background and Education. His Father's Influence -- 4.5.2 The Thames' Tunnel -- 4.5.3 The Clifton Suspension Bridge -- 4.5.4 The Great Western Railway (GWR) from Paddington Station, London, to Brunel's Original Terminus at Bristol Temple Meads on Broad Gauge Track."]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.5.5 Extension of the Great Western Railway (GWR): Bristol and Exeter Railway and the South Devon Railway. Brunel's \"Atmospheric\" Railway and the Prince Albert Bridge -- 4.5.6 From Bristol to New York via Paddle Steamer, PS Great Western. Integrated First Class Travel from London to New York via a Single, Seamless Ticket -- 4.5.7 SS Great Britain. Iron Hull, Steam Propulsion and Screw Propeller -- 4.5.8 PSS Great Eastern -- 4.5.9 PSS Great Eastern and the Transatlantic Electric Telegraph -- 4.5.10 Brunel's Personal Accidents -- Fatal Illness -- Character and Career Over-View -- Absence of Honours and Decorations, and Final Resting Place -- 4.6 John Boyd Dunlop (1840-1921)-Inventor of the 1st Commercial Pneumatic, Inflatable Tyre. The Chemistry of Rubber. History of Pneumatic Tyres for Motor Cars. Rise and Fall of the Companies Named After J.B. Dunlop -- 4.6.1 Natural Rubber and Its Vulcanisation -- 4.6.2 Compound Fillers -- Colourants for Tyres -- Toxicological and Environmental Concerns -- 4.6.3 Polymers Associated with Natural and Synthetic Rubber. The Use of Petrochemicals to Manufacture Synthetic Rubbers -- 4.6.4 Background to John Boyd Dunlop and the Development of the Company Named After Him -- 4.6.5 Robert W. Thomson's Patent -- 4.6.6 Monopoly from Intellectual Property Protection-Patent Acquisition and Extension. Increasing Popularity of Cycling but Dunlop's Retirement -- 4.6.7 Rise and Fall of the Dunlop Company in Its Different Guises -- "]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.7 Frank Whittle OM, KBE, CB, FRS, FRAeS (1907-1996)-Aeronautical Engineer -- Inventor of the Turbojet Method of Aircraft Propulsion -- Father of the Jet Age -- 4.7.1 Early Life, Family Circumstances and Education -- 4.7.2 Theory of the Sub-sonic Turbojet Engine. Concept Development of the Whittle Unit, WU -- 4.7.3 Air Ministry Response to Whittle's Patent. Competition from Piston Engine Propulsion."]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.7.4 The Power Jets Company. Overcoming Bureaucratic, Economic, and Technical Hurdles to Produce an Experimental Turbojet for Ground Testing -- 4.7.5 German Developments with Jet Engines (Strahltriebwerk) and Aircraft -- 4.7.6 Impending War and Its Effect on Attitudes in Britain and America to Whittle's Pioneering Work on Turbojet Engines. Flight Engine, W.1 and the Experimental Aircraft, the Gloster Pioneer -- 4.7.7 Whittle's 2nd Generation Turbojet. Involvement by the Rover Car Company and Rolls-Royce. Nationalisation of the Power Jets Co. -- 4.7.8 Whittle's Life After the RAF -- Tributes and Civic Honours -- Emigration to the USA -- Whittle's Legacy -- 5 Drawbacks with Industrialization. Sanitary Revolution Offering Technologies to Improve Public Health -- 5.1 Précis -- 5.2 Background. The Liverpudlian Solution -- 5.3 John Harington (1561-1612)-1st Indoor Flushing Water Closet (WC) -- 5.4 Alexander Cumming (1733-1814)-Flush Toilet with an S-bend Outlet -- 5.5 Josiah George Jennings (1810-1882)-Sanitary Engineer -- 1st Public Flushing Toilet -- 5.6 Thomas Crapper (1836-1910)-Toilet Cistern Fitted with a Ballcock -- 5.7 Joseph Bazalgette CB (1819-1891)-Civil Engineer -- Urban Sewage System -- 5.7.1 Background -- 5.7.2 Cholera in London and Its Eradication -- 5.7.3 London's Integrated Sewage System -- 6 17th and 18th Century Multi-disciplinary Scientists. Motion, Forces, Gravity and Light -- 6.1 Précis -- 6.2 Robert Hooke FRS (1635-1703)-Polymath -- 6.3 Isaac Newton PRS (1642-1727)-Polymath and One of the Greatest Physicists and Mathematicians -- 6.3.1 Background-Upbringing, Education, Decorations, Setbacks, and Honours -- 6.3.2 Light and Telescopes -- Book I of Opticks -- 6.3.3 Contemporaneous Views on Celestial Bodies-Copernicus, Kepler, Galileo and Newton. Conflicts with Religious Leaders and Beliefs."]
[{"$nulls":4},"6.3.4 The Principia (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy) Books I to III -- 6.3.5 Book I, De motu corporum (On the Motion of Bodies) -- 6.3.5.1 Laws of Motion -- Quantitative Foundations of Classical Mechanics -- 6.3.5.2 A New Form of Mathematics-The Method of Fluxions (Published Posthumously in 1736), Better Known as Infinitesimal Calculus -- 6.3.6 Book II, Part 2 of De motu corporum -- 6.3.7 Book III, De mundi systemate (On the System of the World) -- 6.3.7.1 Centripetal Force -- Law of Universal Gravitation -- 6.3.7.2 Acceleration Due to Gravity (g) -- Mass Versus Weight -- 6.3.7.3 Ocean Tides -- Lunar Versus Solar Tides -- Spring and Neap Tides -- Tidal Bores -- 6.3.7.4 Declination of the Sun -- Relationship to Equinoxes and Solstices-Four Key Astronomical Events. Solar Noon -- 6.3.7.5 Effect of a Varying Axial Tilt on Seasons and Intensity of Sunshine. Reason Why Summer Season in the Southern Hemisphere is Cooler Than in the Northern Hemisphere -- 6.3.7.6 The Earth's Oblateness. The Ecliptic Plane. How Precession Changes Our Alignment with the Constellations and the North Star. Significance of the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn -- 6.3.7.7 Zodiacal Constellations. Western Astrology Star Signs -- 6.3.8 Summary -- 6.4 Henry Cavendish FRS (1731-1810)-Natural Philosopher -- Experimental and Theoretical Chemist and Physicist -- 6.4.1 Background -- 6.4.2 Cavendish's Mimicry of Torpedo Fish -- Artificially Produced Electricity. Electric Charge and Potential Difference -- 6.4.3 Cavendish's Experimentation "]
[{"$nulls":4},"on Gaseous Substances. Phlogiston Theory -- 6.4.4 The Cavendish Experiment-Measurement of the Force of Gravity Between Masses in a Laboratory -- Density of the Earth -- 6.4.5 Cavendish Laboratory and the Royal Institution -- 7 Natural Sciences -- 7.1 Précis -- 7.2 Robert William Boyle FRS (1627-1691)-Father of Modern Chemistry."]
[{"$nulls":4},"7.3 Joseph Priestley LLD, FRS (1733-1804)-Maverick Theologian."]