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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910510567203321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Harsini Sara"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Nuclear Medicine and Immunology"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Cham : , : Springer International Publishing AG, , 2022"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2022"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9783030812614"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9783030812607"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (532 pages)"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Electronic books."]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Intro -- Preface -- Acknowledgment -- Contents -- 1: Introduction on Nuclear Medicine and Immunology -- 1.1  The Immune System: Building Blocks and Mechanisms -- 1.1.1  Inflammation -- 1.1.2  Infection -- 1.1.3  Immuno-Oncology -- 1.2  Nuclear Medicine in Immune-Mediated Conditions -- 1.2.1  Infectious Diseases -- 1.2.2  Inflammatory Diseases -- 1.2.3  Radioimmunoimaging -- 1.3  Radioimmunotherapy -- 1.4  Evaluation of Tumor Response to Immunotherapy -- 1.5  Concluding Remarks -- References -- 2: Nuclear Imaging of Endogenous Markers of Lymphocyte Response -- 2.1  Introduction -- 2.2  Strategies for Imaging Endogenous Immune Biomarkers -- 2.2.1  Cell Surface Immune Markers -- 2.2.2  Intracellular Metabolic Pathways -- 2.2.3  Secreted Biomarkers -- 2.2.4  Strengths and Limitations Compared to Ex Vivo Labeling Approaches -- 2.3  Imaging T Cell Responses -- 2.3.1  Overview of T Cell Biology -- 2.3.2  T Cell Activation and Proliferation -- 2.3.2.1  Targeting Cell Surface Lineage Markers -- 2.3.2.2  Targeting Cell Surface Activation Markers -- 2.3.2.3  Targeting Intracellular Metabolic Pathways -- 2.3.3  T Cell Cytotoxicity -- 2.3.4  T Cell Inhibition and Control -- 2.4  Imaging B Cell Responses -- 2.4.1  Overview of B Cell Biology -- 2.4.1.1  Targeting Cell Surface Lineage Markers -- 2.5  Imaging Natural Killer (NK) Cell Responses -- 2.5.1  Overview of NK Cell Biology -- 2.5.1.1  Emergence of NK Cell Therapies -- 2.5.1.2  Candidate Endogenous Targets for NK Cell Imaging -- 2.6  Priorities and Future Considerations -- 2.7  Conclusion -- References -- 3: Radioimaging of Activated T Cells in Preclinical and Clinical Cancer Investigations -- "]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.1  Introduction -- 3.2  Direct Labeling -- 3.3  Indirect Labeling -- 3.3.1  Reporter Genes -- 3.3.1.1  Thymadine Kinase Reporter Gene Tracers -- FIAU -- FHBG -- FEAU -- 3.3.1.2  T Cell Receptor Targeting."]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.3.1.3  hNIS Reporter Gene Tracer: [99mTc]TcO4− -- 3.3.1.4  hNET Reporter Gene Tracer: MIBG -- 3.3.2  Deoxyribonucleotide Salvage Pathway Reporters -- 3.3.2.1  FAC -- 3.3.2.2  CFA -- 3.3.2.3  AraG -- 3.3.2.4  FMAU -- 3.3.2.5  FLT -- 3.3.3  Interleukins -- 3.3.4  Antibodies, Antibody Fragments, and Peptides -- 3.3.4.1  PD-1 -- 3.3.4.2  Anti-CD152 (CTLA-4) mAb -- 3.3.4.3  Anti-CD3 mAb -- 3.3.4.4  Anti-CD8 mAb -- 3.3.4.5  OX40 (CD134) -- 3.3.4.6  T Cell Receptor Targeting -- 3.3.4.7  Granzyme B -- 3.4  Conclusions -- References -- 4: Gallium Imaging of Infection and Inflammation -- 4.1  Introduction -- 4.2  Infection Imaging -- 4.3  Preclinical Studies in Infection -- 4.3.1  Chlamydia -- 4.3.2  Aspergillosis -- 4.3.3  Intra-abdominal Infections -- 4.4  Clinical Studies Using Infection Imaging -- 4.4.1  Osteomyelitis -- 4.4.2  Tuberculosis -- 4.4.3  Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) -- 4.5  Inflammation Imaging -- 4.5.1  Nonspecific Inflammation Processes and Tracers -- 4.5.2  Specific Inflammatory Processes and Tracers -- 4.5.3  Tumor-Related Inflammation -- 4.6  PET Imaging of Inflammation -- 4.6.1  Central Nervous System -- 4.6.1.1  Preclinical -- 4.6.1.2  Clinical -- 4.6.2  Cardiovascular System -- 4.6.2.1  Atherosclerosis -- 4.6.2.2  Vulnerable Plaque -- 4.6.2.3  Post-myocardial Infarct Inflammation -- 4.6.2.4  Post-medical Device Implantation -- 4.6.2.5  Platelet and Thrombus Imaging -- Clinical -- 4.6.3  Respiratory System -- 4.6.4  Gastrointestinal Tract (GIT) -- 4.6.5  Inflammatory Joint Diseases -- 4.7  Summary and Future Considerations -- References -- 5: 111Indium-Labeled Leukocyte Imaging of Infection and Inflammation -- 5.1  Introduction -- 5.2  Inflammation -- 5.3  Radiolabeled Leukocytes -- 5.4  Normal Distribution and Kinetics of Radiolabeled Leukocytes -- 5.5  Pathological Distribution of Radiolabeled Leukocytes."]
[{"$nulls":4},"5.6  Clinical Applications -- 5.6.1  Clinical Guidelines -- 5.6.2  Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) -- 5.6.3  Infective Endocarditis and Cardiac Electronic Devices -- 5.6.4  Vascular Graft Infection -- 5.6.5  Joint Prosthesis Infection -- 5.6.6  Diabetic Infections -- 5.6.7  Appendicitis -- 5.6.8  Inflammatory Bowel Disease -- 5.6.9  Rheumatoid Arthritis -- 5.7  Improvements in Leukocyte Scans -- 5.8  Conclusion -- References -- 6: [99mTc]Tc-HMPAO-Labeled Leukocyte Imaging of Infection and Inflammation -- 6.1  Introduction -- 6.2  Leukocyte Labeling Procedure -- 6.3  Biodistribution -- 6.4  Comparison of 99mTc-WBC with 111In-WBC Scintigraphy -- 6.5  Dosimetry -- 6.6  Infection/Inflammation Evaluation-General Considerations -- 6.7  Inflammatory Bowel Disease -- 6.8  Musculoskeletal Infections -- 6.8.1  Peripheral Bone Infections -- 6.8.2  Neuropathic Joint Versus Osteomyelitis -- 6.8.2.1  Combined WBC-Marrow Imaging -- 6.8.3  Postoperative/Prosthesis Infections -- 6.8.4  Spondylodiscitis -- 6.8.5  Chronic Infection/CMRO -- 6.8.5.1  SPECT and SPECT/CT -- 6.9  Fever of Unknown Origin (FUO) -- 6.10  Cardiovascular Infections -- 6.10.1  Infectious Endocarditis (IE) -- 6.10.2  Mycotic Aneurysm -- 6.10.3  Vascular Graft Infection -- 6.10.4  Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device (CIED) Infection -- 6.11  Pulmonary Infections -- 6.11.1  Interpretation -- 6.12  Imaging pitfalls -- 6.12.1  Pitfalls in Lung Imaging -- 6.12.2  Pitfalls Elsewhere in the Body -- 6.13  Other Considerations -- 6.13.1  Tumors -- 6.13.2  Eosinophilic Syndromes -- 6.13.3  Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD) -- 6.13.4  Treatment Monitoring -- 6.14  Pediatric Population -- 6.15  Future Directions -- References -- 7: 2-[18F]FDG PET Imaging of Infection and Inflammation -- 7.1  Introduction -- 7.2  Mechanism of 2-[18F]"]
[{"$nulls":4},"FDG Uptake in Malignant and Inflammatory Cells -- 7.3  Tissue Infection."]
[{"$nulls":4},"7.4  Osteomyelitis -- 7.5  Cardiac Device Infection and Inflammatory Diseases of the Heart -- 7.6  Vascular Graft Infection (Vascular Prosthesis Infection) -- 7.7  Joint Prosthesis Infection -- 7.8  Tuberculosis (TB) -- 7.9  Sarcoidosis -- 7.10  Autoimmune Diseases -- 7.10.1  Vasculitis -- 7.10.2  Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) -- 7.10.3  IgG4-Related Disease -- 7.10.4  Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) -- 7.10.5  Other Autoimmune Diseases -- 7.11  Immune Deficiency (HIV-Related Disease) -- 7.12  Conclusion -- References -- 8: 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT in Fever of Unknown Origin -- 8.1  Introduction -- 8.2  Morphological and Molecular Imaging -- 8.3  2-[18F]FDG PET/CT in FUO -- 8.4  Timing of 2-[18F]FDG PET/CT in FUO -- 8.5  Cost-Effectiveness -- 8.6  Conclusion -- References -- 9: Tumor-Targeting Agents -- 9.1  Introduction -- 9.2  Ligand Targeted Therapy -- 9.3  Antibody -- 9.3.1  Monoclonal Antibody -- 9.3.1.1  Immune Response to Monoclonal Antibodies -- 9.3.1.2  Antibody Engineering -- 9.3.2  Antibody Fragments Variations -- 9.3.2.1  Characteristics of Antibody Fragments -- Conjugated Antibody -- 9.3.3  Pretargeting -- 9.4  Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Kinases -- 9.4.1  Structure and Mode of Action of Small Molecule Inhibitors -- 9.4.2  Limitations of Small Molecule Inhibitors as Targeted Cancer Therapy -- 9.5  Development of Newer Drugs -- 9.5.1  Selective High-Affinity Ligand (SHAL) -- 9.5.2  Phage Display Technique for New Targeting Ligands -- 9.6  Selective Small Molecule Targeted Radionuclide Imaging/Therapy -- 9.6.1  Tumor Receptor Targeting with Radiolabeled Peptides -- 9.6.2  Radioligand Targeted Diagnosis and Therapeutics in Prostate Cancer -- 9.6.2.1  Monoclonal Antibodies -- 9.6.2.2  Small Molecule Inhibitors -- 9.7  The Use of Nano-Drug Carrier -- 9.8  Aptamers -- 9.9  Conclusion -- References -- 10: Tumor Architecture and Targeted Delivery."]
[{"$nulls":4},"10.1  Introduction -- 10.2  Organization of the Solid Tumor -- 10.2.1  Parenchymal Component -- 10.2.2  Stromal Component -- 10.2.3  Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAF) -- 10.3  Cancer Metastasis -- 10.4  Angiogenesis -- 10.5  Tumor Vascular Architecture -- 10.6  Transport Across the Microvascular Wall -- 10.7  Transport Across the Stroma -- 10.8  Transport Across the Parenchyma -- 10.9  Strategies to Reduce the Barriers for the Macromolecules to Reach Their Target -- 10.10  Drug Delivery in Cancer -- 10.10.1 Drug Delivery Targeting Tumor Vasculature -- 10.10.1.1  Passive Targeting -- 10.10.1.2  Active Targeting -- 10.10.2 Increase in Blood Circulation Time and Reduced Immunogenicity -- 10.10.3 Drug Release Based on the Tumor Microenvironment -- 10.10.4 Prodrug Mechanism -- 10.10.5 Drug Delivery by Modulation of Tumor Vasculature -- 10.11  Conclusion -- References -- 11: Radionuclide Therapy and Immunomodulation -- 11.1  Introduction -- 11.2  The Role of the Immune System in Radiotherapy -- 11.2.1  External Beam Radiation Therapy and Abscopal Responses -- 11.2.2  Immunomodulation by EBRT Can Contribute to Therapeutic Efficacy -- 11.2.3  Molecular Understanding of Immunomodulation by EBRT -- 11.2.3.1  Increasing Sensitivity of Tumor Cells to Cytotoxic Immune Cells -- 11.2.3.2  Lymphocyte Activation -- 11.2.3.3  Lymphocyte Recruitment -- 11.2.3.4  Innate Immune Activation -- 11.2.3.5  Concurrent Immuno suppressive Effects -- 11.3  Targeted Radionuclide Therapy and the Immune System -- 11.3.1  Understanding the Mechanisms of Immune Activation by TRT (Preclinical Evidence) -- 11.3.2  Clinical Evidence for an Immune Response -- 11.4  Conclusion -- References -- 12: Translational Development and Testing of Theranostics in Combination with Immunotherapies -- 12.1  "]
[{"$nulls":4},"Introduction -- 12.2  Rationale for Combining Radiation and Immunotherapy."]
[{"$nulls":4},"12.2.1  Immunomodulatory Effects of Radiation on Tumor Cells."]