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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910461981703321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Annen Kurt <1967->"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Donor competition for aid impact, and aid fragmentation [[electronic resource] /] / oprepared by Kurt Annen and Luc Moers"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Washington, DC, : International Monetary Fund, 2012"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"1-4755-2021-2"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1-4755-3924-X"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (38 p.)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"IMF working paper ; ; 12/204"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Economic assistance"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Flow of funds"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Electronic books."]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Description based upon print version of record."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Cover; Contents; 1 Introduction; 2 Donor Coordination in Practice: Fragmentation; Figures; 1 Number of Recipient Countries and Global Aid Budget Shares; 2 Global Aid Herfindahl Index; 3 Background Literature; 4 Model; 4.1 Donors Maximize Net Aid Impact; 4.2 Donors Maximize Relative Net Aid Impact; 3 Best-Response Functions with Identical Donors; 4.3 Introducing Fixed Costs; 4 Best-Response Functions with Non-Identical Donors; 4.4 Introducing More Recipients and More Donors; 5 Empirical Evidence; Tables; 1 Larger Donors vs. Smaller Donors; 5 Herfindahl Index and Relative Donor Size"]
[{"$nulls":4},"2 Donor Ranking in Aid Selectivity3 Donor Selectivity and Herfindahl Index; 6 Conclusion; References; Appendix A; Proof of Proposition 1; Description of Best-Response Functions; Proof of Proposition 4; Appendix B; Table 4: Donor Selectivity and MLD; Table 5: Donor Selectivity and Theil Index"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","This paper shows that donors that maximize relative aid impact spread their budgets across many recipient countries in a unique Nash equilibrium, explaining aid fragmentation. This equilibrium may be inefficient even without fixed costs, and the inefficiency increases in the equality of donors' budgets. The paper presents empirical evidence consistent with theoretical results. These imply that, short of ending donors' maximization of relative aid impact, agreements to better coordinate aid allocations are not implementable. Moreover, since policies to increase donor competition in terms of aid"]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910810749703321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Messinger Gary S. <1943->"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"The battle for the mind : war and peace in the era of mass communication / / Gary S. Messinger"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Amherst, [Massachusetts] ; ; Boston, [Massachusetts] : , : University of Massachusetts Press, , 2011"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2011"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"1-61376-030-2"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (xi, 293 p. )"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"303.6/6"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Mass media and war - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Communication - Social aspects - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Communication - Political aspects - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Mass media and propaganda - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"War and society - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Peace-building - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"International relations - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"United States History, Military"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Europe History, Military"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Includes index."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Preface: A change in the landscape -- War encounters mass communication : 1850/1914 -- Mass communication enlists : 1914/1918 -- The democracies try to demobilize : 1919/1939 -- Dictators conquer their media : 1919/1939 -- The battle for the mind deepens : 1939/1945 -- Symbolic war takes precedence : 1945/1991 -- Mass communication becomes multipolar : 1991and after."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","\"Most people typically think of armed conflict in physical terms, involving guns and bombs, ships and planes, tanks and missiles. But today, because of mass communication, war and the effort to prevent it are increasingly dependent on non-physical factors--the capacity to persuade combatants and citizens to engage in violence or avoid it, and the packaging of the information on which decision making is based. This book explores the many ways that mass communication has revolutionized international relations, whether the aim is to make war effectively or to prevent it. Gary Messinger shows that over the last 150 "]
[{"$nulls":4},"years a succession of breakthroughs in the realm of media has reshaped the making of war and peace. Along with mass newspapers, magazines, books, motion pictures, radio, television, computer software, and telecommunication satellites comes an array of strategies for exploiting these media to control popular beliefs and emotions. Images of war now arrive in many forms and reach billions of people simultaneously. Political and military leaders must react to crowd impulses that sweep around the globe. Nation-states and nongovernmental groups, including terrorists, use mass communication to spread their portrayals of reality. Drawing on a wide range of media products, from books and articles to films and television programs, as well as his own research in the field of propaganda studies, Messinger offers a fresh and comprehensive overview. He skillfully charts the path that has led us to our current situation and suggests where we might go next.\"--p. [4] of cover."]