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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910409997803321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Pinkston John Alexander"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Evidence and Hypothesis in Clinical Medical Science / / by John Alexander Pinkston"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Cham : , : Springer International Publishing : , : Imprint : Springer, , 2020"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"3-030-44270-5"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed. 2020.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (xiii, 152 pages)"]
[null,null,"Collana",null,"Synthese Library, Studies in Epistemology, Logic, Methodology, and Philosophy of Science, , 0166-6991 ; ; 426"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"610.1"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Medicine—Philosophy"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Research—Moral and ethical aspects"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Medical ethics"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Cancer - Research"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Philosophy of Medicine"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Research Ethics"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Theory of Medicine/Bioethics"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Cancer Research"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Includes index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"1. Introduction -- 2. Theories of Confirmation in which Hypotheses do not have Probabilities -- 3. Theories of Confirmation in which Hypotheses have Probabilities, and Inference to the Best Explanation -- 4. Confirmation of Hypotheses in Clinical Medical Science -- 5. A Weight of Evidence Account -- 6. The Weight of Evidence Account Defended -- 7. Justification for the Hierarchical Pyramid of Evidence-Based Medicine and a Defense of Randomization -- 8. Ethics and Evidence: Is Evidence from Randomized Controlled Trials Necessary to Firmly Establish a New Therapy? -- Index."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","In this book, the author argues that no current philosophical theory of evidence in clinical medical science is adequate. None can accurately explain the way evidence is gathered and used to confirm hypotheses. To correct this, he proposes a new approach called the weight of evidence account. This innovative method supplies a satisfactory explanation and rationale for the “hierarchical pyramid” of evidence–based medicine, with randomized clinical trials and their derivatives, meta-analyses, and systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials at "]
[{"$nulls":4},"the top and case reports, case series, expert opinion, and the like at the bottom. The author illustrates the development of various “levels” of evidence by considering the evolution of less invasive surgical treatments for early breast cancer. He shows that the weight of evidence account explains the notion of levels of evidence and other efforts to rank them. In addition, he presents a defense of randomization as a method to maximize accuracy in the conduct of clinical trials. The title also considers ethical issues surrounding experimentation with medical therapies in human subjects. It illustrates and discusses these issues in studies of respiratory therapies in neonates and treatment for certain cancers in adults. The author shows that in many cases sufficient evidence can be accrued to warrant generally accepted new therapies without the need for evidence derived from randomized clinical trials."]
[null,"2.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910957581403321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Riggsby Andrew M"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Caesar in Gaul and Rome : war in words / / Andrew M. Riggsby"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"University of Texas Press, 2010"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Austin : , : University of Texas Press, , 2006"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"9780292795792"]
[{"$nulls":4},"0292795793"]
[{"$nulls":4},"9780292774513"]
[{"$nulls":4},"0292774516"]
[null,null,"Edizione",null,"[1st ed.]"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (viii, 271 pages) : illustrations, map"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"936.4/02"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Gaul History Gallic Wars, 58-51 B.C Political aspects"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Rome History, Military 265-30 B.C"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Bibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph"]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references (p. [253]-267) and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Intro -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- The Social Life of Texts -- The Composition of De Bello Gallico -- Reality and Representation -- 1. Where Was the Gallic War? -- Types of Space -- Geographic Space in De Bello Gallico -- Tactical Space, Surveying, and the Possession of Gaul -- 2. The \"Other\" and the Other \"Other\" -- The Ethnographic Tradition -- Caesar's Ethnography -- 3. Technology, Virtue, Victory -- Siegecraft in De Bello Gallico -- Virtus in De Bello Gallico -- The Gallic Assimilation of Virtus -- Conclusion -- 4. Alien Nation -- Playing the Cannibal -- Rhetorics of Empire -- What Is a Roman? -- 5. Formal Questions -- Who and What? -- To What End? -- Whose Voice? -- 6. Empire and the \"Just War\" -- The Theory of the Just War -- Just War Theory in the Real World -- Cicero's Textual Practice -- Caesar's Textual Practice -- 7. New and Improved, Sort Of -- Facing the Alternatives -- Comparanda -- How Does Caesar Compare? -- Propaganda -- Appendix A: Wars against \"Barbarians\" -- Appendix B: Generals' Inscriptions -- Notes -- Introduction -- Chapter 1 -- Chapter 2 -- Chapter 3 -- Chapter 4 -- Chapter 5 -- Chapter 6 -- Chapter 7 -- Appendix A -- Bibliography -- Index."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Anyone who has even a passing acquaintance with Latin knows 'Gallia est omnis divisa in partes tres' ('All Gaul is divided into three parts'), the opening line of De Bello Gallico, Julius Caesar's famous commentary on his campaigns against the Gauls in the 50s BC. But what did Caesar "]
[{"$nulls":4},"intend to accomplish by writing and publishing his commentaries, how did he go about it, and what potentially unforeseen consequences did his writing have? These are the questions that Andrew Riggsby pursues in this fresh interpretation of one of the masterworks of Latin prose. Riggsby uses contemporary literary methods to examine the historical impact that the commentaries had on the Roman reading public."]