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[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910284954203321"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Europe's changing woods and forests : from wildwood to managed landscapes / / edited by Keith J. Kirby and Charles Watkins ; contributors, Kjell Andersson [and thirty five others]"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Oxfordshire, England ; ; Boston, Massachusetts : , : CAB International, , 2015"]
[{"$nulls":4},"©2015"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"1-78064-338-1"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (391 p.)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"333.75094"]
[{"$nulls":4},"634.9"]
[{"$nulls":4},"634.92094"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Forest ecology - Europe - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Forest management - Europe - History"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Forests and forestry - Europe - History"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Description based upon print version of record."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index."]
[null,null,"Nota di contenuto",null,"Europe's Changing Woods and Forests From Wildwood to Managed Landscapes; Copyright; Contents; Contributors; Preface; Acknowledgements; Part I: Introduction and Overview; 1: Overview of Europe's Woods and Forests; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Current State and Composition of European Woods and Forests; 1.2.1 European forests in a global context; 1.2.2 Variation in forest cover across the Continent; 1.2.3 Variation in forest composition; 1.3 Forestry Policy and Cooperation at a European Level; 1.3.1 Forestry policy; 1.3.2 Conservation measures; 1.3.3 Landscape and amenity conservation"]
[{"$nulls":4},"1.3.4 Certification as an approach to sustainable forestry management1.3.5 Forest research cooperation across Europe; 1.4 Conclusion; References; 2: Methods and Approaches in the Study of Woodland History; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Oral History; 2.3 Photographs and Drawings; 2.4 Biological Indicators; 2.5 Historical Records; 2.6 Preserved Wood and Dendrochronology; 2.7 Lidar and GIS; 2.8 Applying Archaeological Insights to Ecological Issues; 2.9 Pollen and Charcoal Analysis; 2.10 Genetic and Molecular Markers; 2.11 Conclusion; References; 3: The Forest Landscape Before Farming"]
[{"$nulls":4},"3.1 Where to Begin?3.2 A Cold Open Continent; 3.3 Trees Spread Back After the Ice; 3.3.1 Forming a canopy; 3.3.2 The wood beneath the trees; 3.3.3 Molecular markers for recolonization routes; 3.4 A Holey Blanket of Trees; 3.5 The Role of Large Herbivores, Particularly Bison, Wild Horse and Aurochs; 3.6 People in the Landscape: The Trees in Retreat; References; 4: Evolution of Modern Landscapes; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Emergence of Woodland Management; 4.3 Changes in Forest Extent and Distribution; 4.3.1 Reductions in forest cover; 4.3.2 Increases as well as decreases"]
[{"$nulls":4},"4.3.3 Patterns of clearance and survival4.3.4 The ecological consequences of a patchy landscape; 4.4 Changes in Structure and Composition Through Management; 4.5 Deliberate Modification of the Tree and Shrub Composition of Forests; 4.6 Other Species Gains and Losses; 4.7 Changes to the Fire Regime; 4.8 Changes to the Forest Soil; 4.9 Forests and Atmospheric Pollution; 4.11 Conclusion; References; Part II: The Variety of Management Across European Woods and Forests; 5: Wood-pastures in Europe; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Wood-pasture: A Multi-purpose System"]
[{"$nulls":4},"5.3 Historical Development of Wood-pastures in Europe5.3.1 Forest grazing and pasturing in ancient times; 5.3.2 Driving the livestock out of the forest (18th-19th centuries); 5.3.3 New recognition for wood-pastures?; 5.4 National Inventories of Wood-pastures; 5.5 Wood-pastures as Multifunctional Landscape Elements: Past and Present; 5.6 Threats to Wood-pastures; 5.6.1 Management changes; 5.6.2 Policy mismatch; 5.6.3 Decline of old, hollowing or dying trees; 5.6.4 Lack of regeneration; 5.7 Conclusion; Acknowledgements; References"]
[{"$nulls":4},"6: Coppice Silviculture: From the Mesolithic to the 21st Century"]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","Our understanding of the ecological history of European forests has been transformed in the last twenty years. Bringing together key findings from across the continent, this book provides a comprehensive account of the relevance of historical studies to current conservation and management of forests. It combines theory with a series of regional case studies to show how different aspects of forestry play out according to the landscape and historical context of the local area."]