{"text_format":"2","workbook":"xls","n_sheets":1,"sheets":["report2"],"not_rendered":{"charts":0,"images":0,"macros":0,"external_links":1,"defined_names":1,"comments":0,"pivot_tables":0},"unopened":[],"bounds":{"document_bytes":16777216,"sheet_cells":100000,"run_cost":"one","rows_first":2000,"rows_last":500,"rows_between":2000,"halvings":0,"cell_chars":16384,"cell_head_chars":4096},"cells_cut":0,"cells_raw":0,"read":"whole","date_system":"1900","formulas":"cached_only"}

{"sheet":"report2","index":0,"n_rows":20,"n_cols":5,"rows_kept":20,"cut":false,"hidden":false,"merged":[[0,2,0,3],[0,4,0,5],[1,2,1,3],[1,4,1,5],[2,2,2,3],[2,4,2,5],[3,2,3,3],[4,2,4,3],[5,2,5,3],[6,2,6,3],[7,2,7,3],[14,2,14,3],[15,2,15,3]],"flags":["formulas_cached_only"]}
[null,"1.","Record Nr.",null,"UNINA9910158960803321"]
[null,null,"Autore",null,"Mulvenna Gareth <1980->"]
[null,null,"Titolo",null,"Tartan gangs and paramilitaries : the loyalist backlash / / Gareth Mulvenna [[electronic resource]]"]
[null,null,"Pubbl/distr/stampa",null,"Liverpool : , : Liverpool University Press, , 2016"]
[null,null,"ISBN",null,"1-78138-374-X"]
[null,null,"Descrizione fisica",null,"1 online resource (ix, 230 pages) : digital, PDF file(s)"]
[null,null,"Disciplina",null,"941.60824"]
[null,null,"Soggetti",null,"Tartans - Northern Ireland - History - 20th century"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Paramilitary forces - Northern Ireland - History - 20th century"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Group identity - Northern Ireland - History - 20th century"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Unionism (Irish politics) - History - 20th century"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Political violence - Northern Ireland - History - 20th century"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Northern Ireland Politics and government 1969-1994"]
[{"$nulls":4},"Northern Ireland History 1968-1998"]
[null,null,"Lingua di pubblicazione",null,"Inglese"]
[null,null,"Formato",null,"Materiale a stampa"]
[null,null,null,"Livello bibliografico","Monografia"]
[null,null,null,"Note generali","Title from publisher's bibliographic system (viewed on 07 Jul 2017)."]
[null,null,null,"Nota di bibliografia","Includes bibliographical references and index."]
[null,null,null,"Sommario/riassunto","<i>Tartan Gangs and Paramilitaries</i> is a new oral history of the loyalist backlash of the early 1970s in Northern Ireland. In the violent maelstrom of Belfast in 1971 and 1972 many young members of loyalist youth gangs known as 'Tartans' converged with fledgling paramilitary groups such as the Red Hand Commando, Ulster Volunteer Force and Young Citizen Volunteers. This fresh account focuses on the manner in which the loyalist community in Belfast reacted to an increasingly vicious Provisional IRA campaign and explores the violent role that young loyalist men played in the period from 1970 - 1975. Through the use of unique one-on-one interviews former members of Tartan gangs and loyalist paramilitaries explain what motivated them to cross the Rubicon from gang activity to paramilitaries. The book utilises a wide range of sources such as newspaper articles, loyalist newssheets, coroners' inquest reports and government memorandums to provide the context for a dynamic new study of the emergence of loyalist paramilitarism.<br>"]