LEADER 00753nam a2200241 i 4500 001 991004331631707536 005 20240708144316.0 008 240703q19241929it a er 000 0 ita d 040 $aBibl. Interfacoltā T. Pellegrino$bita$cSocioculturale Scs 041 0 $aita 082 04$a945.161$223 082 04$a914.5161$223 100 1 $aPecchiai, Pio$05715 245 10$aNovara :$bla sua storia, i monumenti /$cPio Pecchiai 260 $aMilano :$bSonzogno,$c[1924-1929?] 300 $a16 p. :$bill. ;$c30 cm 490 1 $aLe cento cittā d'Italia illustrate ;$v62 500 $aIn cartella 651 4$aNovara$vGuide 830 3$aLe cento cittā d'Italia illustrate ;$v62 912 $a991004331631707536 996 $aNovara$94169972 997 $aUNISALENTO LEADER 05006oam 22012854 450 001 9910162944103321 005 20250426110119.0 010 $a9781475567724 010 $a1475567723 010 $a9781475567755 010 $a1475567758 035 $a(CKB)3710000001045033 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4800297 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2016255 035 $aWPIEA2016255 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000001045033 100 $a20020129d2016 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aStrategic Corporate Layoffs /$fRuchir Agarwal, Julian Kolev 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2016. 215 $a1 online resource (78 pages) $cillustrations (some color), graphs, tables 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 311 08$a9781475563924 311 08$a1475563922 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 330 3 $aFirms in the S&P 500 often announce layoffs within days of one another, despite the fact that the average S&P 500 constituent announces layoffs once every 5 years. By contrast, similarsized privately-held firms do not behave in this way. This paper provides empirical evidence that such clustering behavior is largely due to CEOs managing their reputation in financial markets. To interpret these results we develop a theoretical framework in which managers delay layoffs during good economic states to avoid damaging the markets perception of their ability. The model predicts clustering in the timing of layoff announcements, and illustrates a mechanism through which the cyclicality of firms layoff policies is amplified. Our findings suggest that reputation management is an important driver of layoff policies both at daily frequencies and over the business cycle, and can have significant macroeconomic consequences. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2016/255 606 $aLayoff systems 606 $aChief executive officers 606 $aFinance: General$2imf 606 $aLabor$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aLabor Turnover$2imf 606 $aVacancies$2imf 606 $aLayoffs$2imf 606 $aFinancing Policy$2imf 606 $aFinancial Risk and Risk Management$2imf 606 $aCapital and Ownership Structure$2imf 606 $aValue of Firms$2imf 606 $aGoodwill$2imf 606 $aInformation and Market Efficiency$2imf 606 $aEvent Studies$2imf 606 $aBusiness Fluctuations$2imf 606 $aCycles$2imf 606 $aPrices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data)$2imf 606 $aLabor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure$2imf 606 $aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)$2imf 606 $aLabor Economics: General$2imf 606 $aWages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General$2imf 606 $aEconomic growth$2imf 606 $aLabour$2imf 606 $aincome economics$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aBusiness cycles$2imf 606 $aLabor force$2imf 606 $aStock markets$2imf 606 $aWages$2imf 606 $aFinancial markets$2imf 606 $aLabor market$2imf 606 $aStock exchanges$2imf 606 $aLabor economics$2imf 606 $aIncome economics$2imf 607 $aUnited States$2imf 615 0$aLayoff systems. 615 0$aChief executive officers. 615 7$aFinance: General 615 7$aLabor 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aLabor Turnover 615 7$aVacancies 615 7$aLayoffs 615 7$aFinancing Policy 615 7$aFinancial Risk and Risk Management 615 7$aCapital and Ownership Structure 615 7$aValue of Firms 615 7$aGoodwill 615 7$aInformation and Market Efficiency 615 7$aEvent Studies 615 7$aBusiness Fluctuations 615 7$aCycles 615 7$aPrices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles: General (includes Measurement and Data) 615 7$aLabor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure 615 7$aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) 615 7$aLabor Economics: General 615 7$aWages, Compensation, and Labor Costs: General 615 7$aEconomic growth 615 7$aLabour 615 7$aincome economics 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aBusiness cycles 615 7$aLabor force 615 7$aStock markets 615 7$aWages 615 7$aFinancial markets 615 7$aLabor market 615 7$aStock exchanges 615 7$aLabor economics 615 7$aIncome economics 676 $a331.137 700 $aAgarwal$b Ruchir$01450647 701 $aKolev$b Julian$01450648 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910162944103321 996 $aStrategic Corporate Layoffs$93650129 997 $aUNINA LEADER 07632oam 22005293- 450 001 9910219993403321 005 20210210 010 $a91-88168-72-7 010 $a91-88168-73-5 024 7 $a10.21525/kriterium.7 035 $a(CKB)3800000000216766 035 $a(OAPEN)631938 035 $a(oapen)https://directory.doabooks.org/handle/20.500.12854/39510 035 $a(oapen)doab39510 035 $a(EXLCZ)993800000000216766 100 $a20170710d2016 uy 0 101 0 $aswe 135 $auuuuu---auuuu 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aNaturvetarna, ingenjo?rerna och valfrihetens samha?lle: Rekrytering till teknik och naturvetenskap under svensk efterkrigstid 210 $aGothenburg, Sweden$cKriterium$d2016 215 $a1 online resource (260 p.) 311 08$a91-88168-27-1 330 $a"Scientists, engineers, and a free-choice society is a book about control, largely the governing of children and young people in Sweden and the efforts made to persuade them to choose careers-and identities-in science and technology in the period 1950-2000. It is very much part of an interdisciplinary research tradition in which perspectives taken from the history of science and education are combined with theories from the field of governmentality studies. The book begins by describing a new societal problem that confronted Sweden, like so many other Western countries, in the immediate post-war years, namely a lack of engineers and scientists. The period from the outbreak of the Second World War to the mid fifties saw a new appreciation for scientific research and its application in both the military and civilian sectors. With the reconstruction of Europe and the Marshall Plan at its height in the fifties, technology and science became gradually associated with rising industrial productivity and with economic growth in general. By the sixties this had left national employment policy with some markedly pronounced objectives. By the end of the decade, it was obvious that the determination to increase student numbers in science and engineering ran contrary to other political ambitions, and did not sit well with the right of the individual to freedom of choice in education. The attempt to respect people's autonomy while at the same time enabling more of them study these particular disciplines shaped a distinct set of strategies that made up the 'positive exercise of power'-what might also be called liberal governing-in which the main idea was to encourage students to come to science and engineering of their own free will. The book goes on to demonstrate how this strategy of governing through individual autonomy would result in a series of specific measures in the seventies and on, including changes to the curricula and teaching materials, which were matched by activities outside the traditional bounds of learning such as a travelling science shows, advertising campaigns, and the construction of science and technology centres. The book also spells out the sheer reach of this recruitment policy. Many leading figures in Sweden set out to encourage people to become scientists and engineers-these were voices heard not only from government quarters, but also from industry and special interest groups. Scientists, engineers and a free-choice society does not set out to answer the question of how best to set about attracting young people into science and technology; rather, it is concerned with how that question has been answered by others, and what impact their responses have had on power relations between society and the individual, and indeed on the place of science and engineering education in the present. 330 $aNaturvetarna, ingenjo?rerna och valfrihetens samha?lle handlar om styrning av framfo?rallt barn och ungdomar i Sverige till att va?lja naturvetenskap och teknik som utbildning, yrke och identitet mellan a?ren 1950-2000. A?mnesma?ssigt befinner sig texten i en tva?rvetenskaplig forskningstradition da?r perspektiv fra?n vetenskapshistoria och utbildningshistoria anva?nds tillsammans med teoretisk inspiration fra?n fa?ltet governmentality studies. I boken beskrivs inledningsvis framva?xten av en ny samha?llelig problembild i Sverige och o?vriga va?stva?rlden under tidig efterkrigstid, na?mligen bristen pa? ingenjo?rer och naturvetare. Den period som stra?ckte sig fra?n andra va?rldskriget krigets utbrott till 1950-­?talets mitt hade sett en ny va?rdering av vetenskaplig forskning och tilla?mpning, ba?de fra?n de milita?ra och civila delarna av samha?llet. I samband med a?teruppbyggnaden av Europa och den pa?ga?ende Marshallhja?lpen sammankopplades teknik och naturvetenskap alltmer med o?kad industriell produktivitet men ocksa? med ekonomisk tillva?xt. Ovansta?ende utveckling ledde under 1960-­?talet till att rekryteringspolitiska ma?lsa?ttningar uttalades allt starkare. I slutet av decenniet blev det uppenbart att viljan att ho?ja antalet studerande i teknik och naturvetenskap kom att kollidera med andra utbildningspolitiska ambitioner, framfo?rallt den om individens ra?tt till ett fritt val av utbildning. I fo?rso?ken att pa? samma ga?ng respektera detta sja?lvbesta?mmande och samtidigt skapa fler studerande inom de ovan na?mnda disciplinerna va?xte strategier fram i formen av ett slags "positiv maktuto?vning" - vad som ocksa? kallas liberalt styre - da?r den ba?rande ide?n var att fo?rma? elever att so?ka sig till naturvetenskap och teknik av sin egen fria vilja. Boken ger fortsa?ttningsvis prov pa? hur denna strategi att styra genom individens autonomi frambringade en rad olika specifika pa?verkanssa?tga?rder fra?n 1970-­?talet och frama?t. Bland dessa a?terfinns fo?ra?ndrade kursplaner och la?romedel, men ocksa? insatser utanfo?r den traditionella la?romiljo?n, sa?som kringresande vetenskapsshower, reklamkampanjer och uppfo?randet av teknik-­? och vetenskapscentra. Vad som ocksa? framtra?der i boken a?r rekryteringspolitikens bredd. Ma?nga akto?rer i samha?llet verkade fo?r fler naturvetare och ingenjo?rer - inte endast pa? myndighetsniva? utan a?ven inom na?ringsliv och bland enskilda intresseorganisationer. Naturvetarna, ingenjo?rerna och valfrihetens samha?lle ger inga svar inte pa? hur fler ungdomar skall fo?rma?s bli intresserade av naturvetenskap och teknik. Snarare handlar boken om hur den fra?gan besvarats av andra och vilka konsekvenser detta har fa?tt fo?r uppkomsten av nya maktrelationer mellan samha?lle och individ, men ocksa? fo?r de naturvetenskapliga och tekniska utbildningarnas positioner i samtiden." 517 $aNaturvetarna, ingenjörerna och valfrihetens samhälle 606 $aHistory of science$2bicssc 606 $aHistory$2bicssc 606 $aPolitical structure and processes$2bicssc 606 $aTeaching of a specific subject$2bicssc 606 $aTechnology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes$2bicssc 610 $aeducation policies 610 $afreedom of choice 610 $arecruitment 610 $avocational guidance 615 7$aHistory of science 615 7$aHistory 615 7$aPolitical structure and processes 615 7$aTeaching of a specific subject 615 7$aTechnology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes 700 $aLo?vheim$b Daniel$f1975-$01372155 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910219993403321 996 $aNaturvetarna, ingenjo?rerna och valfrihetens samha?lle$93402188 997 $aUNINA