LEADER 00868nam0-22002891i-450- 001 990003244790403321 005 20031111172254.0 035 $a000324479 035 $aFED01000324479 035 $a(Aleph)000324479FED01 035 $a000324479 100 $a20030910d1993----km-y0itay50------ba 101 0 $aita 105 $ay-------001yy 200 1 $aLocalizzazione industriale e sentieri di sviluppo locale$el'Abruzzo adriatico negli anni ottanta$gPiergiorgio Landini 210 $aPescara$cOdorisio$d1993 215 $a59 p. 610 0 $aGeografia industriale 676 $a045.002 700 1$aLandini,$bPiergiorgio$09964 801 0$aIT$bUNINA$gRICA$2UNIMARC 901 $aBK 912 $a990003244790403321 952 $a045.002.LAN.$fDECGE 959 $aDECGE 996 $aLocalizzazione industriale e sentieri di sviluppo locale$9450103 997 $aUNINA LEADER 01095nam a2200277 i 4500 001 991002208529707536 005 20020508192321.0 008 980327s1973 it ||| | ita 035 $ab10975251-39ule_inst 035 $aPARLA157377$9ExL 040 $aDip.to Scienze dell'Antichitą$bita 082 0 $a[851.8] 100 1 $aToppani, Innocente$0187920 245 10$aCarducci e il mondo latino /$cInnocente Toppani 260 $aRoma :$bEdizioni dell'Ateneo,$c1973 300 $a152 p. ;$c24 cm. 490 0 $a[Pubblicazione] - Universitą degli studi di Trieste, Facoltą di lettere e filosofia, Istituto di filosogia moderna ;$v1 [i.e. n.s. 1] 500 $aBibliografia: p. [149]-152. 600 14$aCarducci, Giosuč 650 4$aLetteratura latina 907 $a.b10975251$b23-02-17$c28-06-02 912 $a991002208529707536 945 $aLE007 870 TOP 01.01$g1$i2015000012654$lle007$nLE007 2014 CC$o-$pE0.00$q-$rl$s- $t0$u0$v0$w0$x0$y.i11086592$z28-06-02 996 $aCarducci e il mondo latino$9139588 997 $aUNISALENTO 998 $ale007$b01-01-98$cm$da $e-$fita$git $h0$i1 LEADER 10921nam 2200661Ia 450 001 9910828020503321 005 20251116171625.0 010 $a1-283-37953-8 010 $a9786613379535 010 $a3-527-64182-3 010 $a3-527-64184-X 035 $a(CKB)2670000000138716 035 $a(EBL)827183 035 $a(OCoLC)769343051 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000638333 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11408658 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000638333 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10714301 035 $a(PQKB)10605643 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC827183 035 $a(BIP)46367870 035 $a(BIP)33840844 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000138716 100 $a20110728d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aMass spectrometry in polymer chemistry /$fedited by Christopher Barner-Kowollik ... [et al.] 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWeinheim $cWiley-VCH$dc2012 215 $a1 online resource (483 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a3-527-32924-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aMass Spectrometry in Polymer Chemistry -- Contents -- List of Contributors -- Introduction -- 1 Mass Analysis -- 1.1 Introduction -- 1.2 Measures of Performance -- 1.2.1 Mass Resolving Power -- 1.2.2 Mass Accuracy -- 1.2.3 Mass Range -- 1.2.4 Linear Dynamic Range -- 1.2.5 Abundance Sensitivity -- 1.3 Instrumentation -- 1.3.1 Sector Mass Analyzers -- 1.3.2 Quadrupole Mass Filters -- 1.3.3 3D Ion Traps -- 1.3.4 Linear Ion Traps -- 1.3.5 Time-of-Flight Mass Analyzers -- 1.3.6 Fourier Transform Ion Cyclotron Resonance Mass Analyzers -- 1.3.7 Orbitraps -- 1.4 Instrumentation in Tandem and Multiple-Stage Mass Spectrometry -- 1.5 Conclusions and Outlook -- References -- 2 Ionization Techniques for Polymer Mass Spectrometry -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Small Molecule Ionization Era -- 2.2.1 Electron Ionization (EI) -- 2.2.2 Chemical Ionization (CI) -- 2.2.3 Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry (Py-MS) -- 2.3 Macromass Era of Ionization -- 2.3.1 Field Desorption (FD) and Field Ionization (FI) -- 2.3.2 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (SIMS) -- 2.3.3 Fast Atom Bombardment (FAB) and Liquid Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (LSIMS) -- 2.3.4 Laser Desorption (LD) -- 2.3.5 Plasma Desorption (PD) -- 2.3.6 Other Ionization Methods -- 2.4 Modern Era of Ionization Techniques -- 2.4.1 Electrospray Ionization (ESI) -- 2.4.2 New Trends -- 2.4.3 Atmospheric Pressure Chemical Ionization (APCI) -- 2.4.4 New Trends -- 2.4.5 Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI) -- 2.4.6 New Trends -- 2.5 Conclusions -- References -- 3 Tandem Mass Spectrometry Analysis of Polymer Structures and Architectures -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 Activation Methods -- 3.2.1 Collisionally Activated Dissociation (CAD) -- 3.2.2 Surface-Induced Dissociation (SID) -- 3.2.3 Photodissociation Methods -- 3.2.4 Electron Capture Dissociation and Electron Transfer Dissociation (ECD/ETD). 327 $a3.2.5 Post-Source Decay (PSD) -- 3.3 Instrumentation -- 3.3.1 Quadrupole Ion Trap (QIT) Mass Spectrometers -- 3.3.2 Quadrupole/time-of-flight (Q/ToF) Mass Spectrometers -- 3.3.3 ToF/ToF Instruments -- 3.4 Structural Information from MS2 Studies -- 3.4.1 End-Group Analysis and Isomer/Isobar Differentiation -- 3.4.2 Polymer Architectures -- 3.4.3 Copolymer Sequences -- 3.4.4 Assessment of Intrinsic Stabilities and Binding Energies -- 3.5 Summary and Outlook -- References -- 4 Matrix-Assisted Inlet Ionization and Solvent-Free Gas-Phase Separation Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry for Imaging and Electron Transfer Dissociation Mass Spectrometry of Polymers -- 4.1 Overview -- 4.2 Introduction -- 4.3 New Sample Introduction Technologies -- 4.3.1 Laserspray Ionization - Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry -- 4.3.2 Matrix Assisted Inlet Ionization (MAII) -- 4.3.3 LSIV in Reflection Geometry at Intermediate Pressure (IP) -- 4.4 Fragmentation by ETD and CID -- 4.5 Surface Analyses by Imaging MS -- 4.5.1 Ultraf Fast LSII-MS Imaging in Transmission Geometry (TG) -- 4.5.2 LSIV-IMS-MS Imaging in Reflection Geometry (RG) -- 4.6 Future Outlook -- References -- 5 Polymer MALDI Sample Preparation -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Roles of the Matrix -- 5.2.1 Intimate Contact -- 5.2.2 Absorption of Laser Light -- 5.2.3 Efficient Desorption -- 5.2.4 Effective Ionization -- 5.3 Choice of Matrix -- 5.4 Choice of the Solvent -- 5.5 Basic Solvent-Based Sample Preparation Recipe -- 5.6 Deposition Methods -- 5.7 Solvent-Free Sample Preparation -- 5.8 The Vortex Method -- 5.9 Matrix-to-Analyte Ratio -- 5.10 Salt-to-Analyte Ratio -- 5.11 Chromatography as Sample Preparation -- 5.12 Problems in MALDI Sample Preparation -- 5.13 Predicting MALDI Sample Preparation -- 5.14 Conclusions -- References -- 6 Surface Analysis and Imaging Techniques -- 6.1 Imaging Mass Spectrometry. 327 $a6.2 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry -- 6.2.1 Static SIMS of Polymers -- 6.2.1.1 The Fingerprint Region -- 6.2.1.2 High-Mass Region -- 6.2.2 Imaging in Polymer Blends and Multicomponent Systems -- 6.2.3 Data Analysis Methods -- 6.2.4 Polymer Depth Profiling with Cluster Ion Beams -- 6.2.4.1 A Brief Discussion on the Physics and Chemistry of Sputtering and its Role in Optimized Beam Conditions -- 6.2.5 3-D Analysis in Polymer Systems -- 6.3 Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization (MALDI) -- 6.3.1 History of MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry -- 6.3.2 Sample Preparation in MALDI Imaging -- 6.3.3 MALDI Imaging of Polymers -- 6.3.4 Outlook -- 6.4 Other Surface Mass Spectrometry Methods -- 6.4.1 Desorption Electrospray Ionization -- 6.4.2 Plasma Desorption Ionization Methods -- 6.4.3 Electrospray Droplet Impact for SIMS -- 6.5 Outlook -- References -- 7 Hyphenated Techniques -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Polymer Separation Techniques -- 7.3 Principles of Coupling: Transfer Devices -- 7.3.1 Online Coupling Devices -- 7.3.2 Off-Line Coupling Devices -- 7.4 Examples -- 7.4.1 Coupling of SEC with MALDI-/ESI-MS -- 7.4.2 Coupling of LAC/LC-CC with MALDI-/ESI-MS -- 7.5 Conclusions -- References -- 8 Automated Data Processing and Quantification in Polymer Mass Spectrometry -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 File and Data Formats -- 8.3 Optimization of Ionization Conditions -- 8.4 Automated Spectral Analysis and Data Reduction in MS -- 8.4.1 Long-Standing Approaches -- 8.4.2 Some New Concepts -- 8.4.3 Mass Autocorrelation -- 8.4.4 Time-Series Segmentation -- 8.5 Copolymer Analysis -- 8.6 Data Interpretation in MS/MS -- 8.7 Quantitative MS and the Determination of MMDs by MS -- 8.7.1 Quantitative MMD Measurement by MALDI-MS -- 8.7.1.1 Example for Mixtures of Monodisperse Components -- 8.7.1.2 Example for Mixtures of Polydisperse Components. 327 $a8.7.1.3 Calculating the Correction Factor for Each Oligomer -- 8.7.1.4 Step by Step Procedure for Quantitation -- 8.7.1.5 Determination of the Absolute MMD -- 8.7.2 Quantitative MMD Measurement by SEC/ESI-MS -- 8.7.2.1 Exact Measurement of the MMD of Homopolymers -- 8.7.2.2 MMD of the Individual Components in Mixtures of Functional Homopolymers -- 8.7.3 Comparison of the Two Methods for MMD Calculation -- 8.7.4 Simple Methods for the Determination of the Molar Abundance of Functional Polymers in Mixtures -- 8.8 Conclusions and Outlook -- References -- 9 Comprehensive Copolymer Characterization -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.2 Scope -- 9.3 Reviews -- 9.4 Soft Ionization Techniques -- 9.4.1 MALDI -- 9.4.2 ESI -- 9.4.3 APCI -- 9.5 Separation Prior MS -- 9.5.1 LC-MS -- 9.5.2 Ion Mobility Spectrometry-Mass Spectrometry (IMS-MS) -- 9.6 Tandem MS (MS/MS) -- 9.7 Quantitative MS -- 9.8 Copolymers for Biological or (Bio)medical Application -- 9.9 Software Development -- 9.10 Summary and Outlook -- References -- 10 Elucidation of Reaction Mechanisms: Conventional Radical Polymerization -- 10.1 Introduction -- 10.2 Basic Principles and General Considerations -- 10.3 Initiation -- 10.3.1 Radical Generation -- 10.3.1.1 Thermally Induced Initiator Decomposition -- 10.3.1.2 Photoinduced Initiator Decomposition -- 10.3.1.3 Other Means -- 10.3.2 Initiator Efficiency -- 10.4 Propagation -- 10.4.1 Propagation Rate Coefficients -- 10.4.2 Chain-Length Dependence of Propagation -- 10.4.3 Copolymerization -- 10.5 Termination -- 10.6 Chain Transfer -- 10.6.1 Transfer to Small Molecules -- 10.6.2 Acrylate Systems -- 10.7 Emulsion Polymerization -- 10.8 Conclusion -- References -- 11 Elucidation of Reaction Mechanisms and Polymer Structure: Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization -- 11.1 Protocols Based on a Persistent Radical Effect (NMP, ATRP, and Related). 327 $a11.2 Protocols Based on Degenerative Chain Transfer (RAFT, MADIX) -- 11.3 Protocols based on CCT -- 11.4 Novel Protocols and Minor Protocols -- 11.5 Conclusions -- References -- 12 Elucidation of Reaction Mechanisms: Other Polymerization Mechanisms -- 12.1 Introduction -- 12.2 Ring-Opening Polymerization Mechanisms of Cyclic Ethers -- 12.3 Ring-Opening Polymerization Mechanisms of Cyclic Esters and Carbonates -- 12.4 Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization -- 12.5 Mechanisms of Step-Growth Polymerization -- 12.6 Concluding Remarks -- References -- 13 Polymer Degradation -- 13.1 Introduction -- 13.2 Thermal and Thermo-Oxidative Degradation -- 13.3 Photolysis and Photooxidation -- 13.4 Biodegradation -- 13.5 Other Degradation Processes -- 13.6 Conclusions -- References -- 14 Outlook -- Index. 330 $aCombining an up-to-date insight into mass-spectrometric polymer analysis beyond MALDI with application details of the instrumentation, this is a balanced and thorough presentation of the most important and widely used mass-spectrometric methods. Written by the world's most proficient experts in the field, the book focuses on the latest developments, covering such technologies and applications as ionization protocols, tandem and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry, gas-phase ion-separation techniques and automated data processing. Chapters on sample preparation, polymer degradation and the usage of mass-spectrometric tools on an industrial scale round off the book. As a result, both entrants to the field and experienced researchers are able to choose the appropriate methods and instrumentations -- and to assess their respective strengths and limitations -- for the characterization of polymer compounds. 606 $aMass spectrometry 606 $aPolymers$xSpectra 606 $aPolymers 615 0$aMass spectrometry. 615 0$aPolymers$xSpectra. 615 0$aPolymers. 676 $a547.7046 676 $a610.28 701 $aBarner-Kowollik$b Christopher$01608859 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910828020503321 996 $aMass spectrometry in polymer chemistry$94069271 997 $aUNINA