LEADER 00870nam a22002171i 4500 001 991001868139707536 005 20030517181418.0 008 030925s194u gr |||||||||||||||||gre 035 $ab1220903x-39ule_inst 035 $aARCHE-025669$9ExL 040 $aBiblioteca Interfacoltà$bita$cA.t.i. Arché s.c.r.l. Pandora Sicilia s.r.l. 100 1 $aKarkabitsas, Andreas$0451847 245 10$aLogia tes plores :$bthalassina diegemata /$cA. Karkabitsas 260 $aAthena :$bBibliopoleion tes Hestias Ioannou D. Kollarou & S.ias,$c[194.] 300 $a223 p. ;$c19 cm 907 $a.b1220903x$b02-04-14$c08-10-03 912 $a991001868139707536 945 $aLE002 Gr. IV B 13$g1$i2002000057822$lle002$o-$pE0.00$q-$rl$s- $t0$u0$v0$w0$x0$y.i12586328$z08-10-03 996 $aLogia tes plores$9158073 997 $aUNISALENTO 998 $ale002$b08-10-03$cm$da $e-$fgre$ggr $h0$i1 LEADER 02467ngm 2200301z- 450 001 9910596969103321 005 20221021180800.0 035 $a(CKB)5490000000000686 035 $a(EXLCZ)995490000000000686 100 $a20201208cuuuuuuuu ku- v 101 0 $aeng 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 181 $ctdiod$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr 200 00$aConvergent Evolution 210 1$aCambridge, MA$cMyJoVE Corp$d2016. 215 $a1 online resource (113 secs.) 225 0 $aJoVE Core Biology 330 $aEvolution shapes the features of organisms over time, ensuring that they are suited for the environments in which they live. Sometimes, selection pressure leads to the rise of similar but unrelated adaptations in organisms with no recent common ancestors, a process known as convergent evolution. The structures that arise from convergent evolution are called analogous structures. They are similar in function even if they are dissimilar in structure. Further, structures can be analogous while also containing homologous features - those inherited from a common ancestor. Birds and bats have analogous wings, but the forelimb bones within their wings are homologous, adapted from a distant four-limbed ancestor. The wings of butterflies, on the other hand, are analogous to those of birds and bats, but they are not homologous. Sometimes it is clear when two organisms share traits as a result of convergent evolution, as in the case of bird, bat, and butterfly wings, but at other times it is less obvious. To determine whether traits are analogous and thus the result of convergent evolution or homologous and the result of shared ancestry, scientists can examine the DNA sequences of the organisms in question. Dolphins and many bats use echolocation to navigate and hunt. DNA sequence data has indicated that the gene Prestin, which encodes a protein in the mammalian cochlea hypothesized to confer high-frequency hearing, has evolved in a convergent manner across less-related bats and in a similar manner in dolphins. Structurally-similar toxins and venoms in different species provides another example where DNA sequence data is critical for identifying whether a trait is analogous or homologous. 606 $aBiology 606 $aBiology$vTextbooks 615 0$aBiology. 615 0$aBiology 906 $aVIDEO 912 $a9910596969103321 996 $aConvergent Evolution$92946009 997 $aUNINA