LEADER 01146nam a2200265 i 4500 001 991000600189707536 005 20230908130956.0 008 970519s1993 it ||| | ita 035 $ab10101603-39ule_inst 035 $aLE02518950 040 $aFac. Economia$bita 082 0 $a346.45 245 00$aLezioni di diritto civile del corso di aggiornamento 28 maggio - 2 giugno 1990 /$cM. Barcellona ... [et al.] ; presentazione di Pietro Perlingieri 260 $aNapoli [etc.] :$bE.S.I.,$cc1993 300 $a272 p. ;$c24 cm 490 1 $aLezioni raccolte da Pietro Perlingieri / Università degli studi di Camerino, Scuola di specializzazione in diritto civile ;$v16 650 4$aDiritto civile$zItalia 700 1 $aBarcellona, Mario 700 1 $aPerlingieri, Pietro 907 $a.b10101603$b17-02-17$c27-06-02 912 $a991000600189707536 945 $aLE025 ECO 346 BAR02.01$g1$i2025000029309$lle025$o-$pE0.00$q-$rl$s-$t0$u0$v0$w0$x0$y.i10118214$z27-06-02 996 $aLezioni di diritto civile del corso di aggiornamento 28 maggio - 2 giugno 1990$9197284 997 $aUNISALENTO 998 $ale025$b01-01-97$cm$da$e-$fita$git$h0$i1 LEADER 05962nam 2200697 a 450 001 9911004811403321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9781615837267 010 $a1615837264 010 $a9780819481153 010 $a0819481157 024 7 $a10.1117/3.741687 035 $a(CKB)2470000000002979 035 $a(EBL)728545 035 $a(OCoLC)606697626 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000386844 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11265096 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000386844 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10400754 035 $a(PQKB)11238276 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC728545 035 $a(CaBNVSL)gtp00538525 035 $a(SPIE)9780819481153 035 $a(PPN)237381958 035 $a(Perlego)2605793 035 $a(EXLCZ)992470000000002979 100 $a20070330d2007 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurbn||||m|||a 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aRadiation thermometry $efundamentals and applications in the petrochemical industry /$fPeter Saunders 210 $aBellingham, Wash. $cSPIE Press$dc2007 215 $a1 online resource (175 p.) 225 1 $aTutorial texts series ;$vv. TT 78 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9780819467836 311 08$a0819467839 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aPreface -- Chapter 1. Introduction -- 1.1. The importance of temperature measurement -- 1.2. Why use radiation thermometry? -- Chapter 2. Radiation thermometry principles -- 2.1. Introduction -- 2.2. Heat transfer. 2.2.1. Conduction; 2.2.2. Convection; 2.2.3. Radiation; 2.2.4. Combined effects -- 2.3. Blackbody radiation. 2.3.1. Planck's law; 2.3.2. Wien's displacement law; 2.3.3. Approximations to Planck's law; 2.3.4. Total radiation and the Stefan-Boltzmann law -- 2.4. Emissivity -- 2.5. Reflected radiation. 2.5.1. Bi-directional reflectance -- 2.6. Absorption, emission, and scattering of radiation -- Chapter 3. Radiation thermometers -- 3.1. Introduction -- 3.2. Spectral-band thermometers. 3.2.1. Spectral responsivity; 3.2.2. Output signal; 3.2.3. Monochromatic approximation; 3.2.4. Radiance temperature; 3.2.5. Instrumental emissivity -- 3.3. The gold-cup pyrometer -- 3.4. Thermal imagers -- 3.5. The laser pyrometer -- 3.6. Ratio thermometers -- 3.7. Multi-wavelength thermometers. 327 $aChapter 4. Errors in spectral-band thermometry -- 4.1. Introduction -- 4.2. Emissivity errors. 4.2.1. Emissivity versus surface finish; 4.2.2. Emissivity versus wavelength; 4.2.3. Emissivity versus angle; 4.2.4. Measuring emissivity; 4.2.5. Temperature error due to emissivity error -- 4.3. Reflection errors. 4.3.1. The measurement equation; 4.3.2. Strategy 1 (Tw << Ts); 4.3.3. Strategy 2; 4.3.4. Strategy 3 (Tw >> Ts); 4.3.5. Reflection error nomograms; 4.3.6. Multiple tubes; 4.3.7. Effective background temperature; 4.3.8. Calculating the geometric view factors -- 4.4. Absorption and emission errors. 4.4.1. Effective absorption coefficient; 4.4.2. Analogy with reflection errors; 4.4.3. Correcting absorption and emission errors; 4.4.4. Multiple corrections -- 4.5. Errors due to flames -- 4.6. Scattering errors -- 4.7. Viewing through windows -- 4.8. Size-of-source effect. 4.8.1. Scattering; 4.8.2. Poor focus and diffraction; 4.8.3. Misalignment -- 4.9. Vignetting -- 4.10. Ambient temperature dependence -- 4.11. Signal Linearization -- Chapter 5. Measurement uncertainty -- 5.1. Introduction -- 5.2. The meaning of uncertainty -- 5.3. Combining and propagating uncertainties. 5.3.1. Combining uncertainties; 5.3.2. Propagating uncertainties -- 5.4. Uncertainty in the corrected temperature. 5.4.1. Target temperature uncertainty; 5.4.2. Emissivity uncertainty; 5.4.3. Effective background temperature uncertainty; 5.4.4. Combined uncertainty; 5.4.5. Optimum wavelength. 327 $aChapter 6. Calibration of radiation thermometers -- 6.1. Introduction -- 6.2. Blackbody cavities. 6.2.1. Effective emissivity; 6.2.2. Temperature uniformity -- 6.3. Calibration methods. 6.3.1. Calibration procedure; 6.3.2. Calibration example -- Chapter 7. Worked examples -- 7.1. Introduction. 7.1.1. Measurement procedure; 7.1.2. Data analysis procedure -- 7.2. Top-fired multi-row box furnaces. 7.2.1. Measurements; 7.2.2. Analysis -- 7.3. Side-fired single-row furnaces. 7.3.1. Measurements; 7.3.2. Analysis -- 7.4. Floor-fired cubic furnaces. 7.4.1. Measurements; 7.4.2. Analysis -- 7.5. Floor-fired cylindrical furnaces. 7.5.1. Measurements; 7.5.2. Analysis -- 7.6. Furnaces with horizontal tubes. 7.6.1. Measurements; 7.6.2. Analysis -- References -- Appendix. Reflection error nomograms -- Index. 330 $aThis tutorial text provides an introduction to the subject of radiation thermometry, focusing on sources of measurement error and giving advice on methods for minimizing or eliminating these errors. Topics covered include: blackbody radiation, emissivity, reflection errors, and atmospheric absorption and emission; commonly used radiation thermometer types; uncertainty calculation; and procedures for in-house calibration of radiation thermometers. Included is a chapter containing detailed measurement examples for a variety of furnace types and operating conditions found in the methanol, ammonia, and refining industries. 410 0$aTutorial texts in optical engineering ;$vv. TT 78. 606 $aRadiation pyrometers 606 $aTemperature measurements 606 $aPetroleum chemicals industry 615 0$aRadiation pyrometers. 615 0$aTemperature measurements. 615 0$aPetroleum chemicals industry. 676 $a665.5/3 700 $aSaunders$b Peter$0107477 712 02$aSociety of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911004811403321 996 $aRadiation thermometry$94387994 997 $aUNINA