LEADER 04640nam 22006975 450 001 996588063703316 005 20220722191812.0 010 $a0-8147-4476-1 010 $a0-585-00260-6 024 7 $a10.18574/9780814744765 035 $a(CKB)111000211309082 035 $a(EBL)865609 035 $a(OCoLC)782877983 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000112890 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11131408 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000112890 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10098986 035 $a(PQKB)11509557 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC865609 035 $a(OCoLC)42854098 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse10690 035 $a(DE-B1597)547048 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780814744765 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111000211309082 100 $a20200623h19971997 fg 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aBlack rage confronts the law /$fPaul Harris 210 1$aNew York, NY :$cNew York University Press,$d[1997] 210 4$dİ1997 215 $a1 online resource (310 p.) 225 0 $aCritical America ;$v19 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8147-3592-4 311 $a0-8147-3527-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 277-289) and index. 327 $tFrontmatter --$tContents --$tAcknowledgments --$tIntroduction --$t1. The Black Rage Defense, 1846: The Trial of William Freeman --$t2. The Black Rage Defense, 1971 --$t3. The Law: Its Myths and Rituals --$t4. Black Rage 1971: The Case of James Johnson, Jr. --$t5. James Johnson's Workers' Compensation Case --$t6. Racism, Rage, and Criminal Defenses --$t7. To Use or Not to Use the Black Rage Defense --$t8. Race, Class, and the Trials of Clarence Darrow --$t9. A Survey of Black Rage Cases --$t10. Urban War Zones --$t11. White Rage?Hate Crimes --$t12. White Rage?Do Prisons Cause Crime? --$t13. The Cultural Defense and the Trials of Patrick Hooty Croy --$t14. "Remake the World" --$tNotes --$tIndex 330 $aIn 1971, Paul Harris pioneered the modern version of the black rage defense when he successfully defended a young black man charged with armed bank robbery. Dubbed one of the most novel criminal defenses in American history by Vanity Fair, the black rage defense is enormously controversial, frequently dismissed as irresponsible, nothing less than a harbinger of anarchy. Consider the firestorm of protest that resulted when the defense for Colin Ferguson, the gunman who murdered numerous passengers on a New York commuter train, claimed it was considering a black rage defense. In this thought-provoking book, Harris traces the origins of the black rage defense back through American history, recreating numerous dramatic trials along the way. For example, he recounts in vivid detail how Clarence Darrow, defense attorney in the famous Scopes Monkey trial, first introduced the notion of an environmental hardship defense in 1925 while defending a black family who shot into a drunken white mob that had encircled their home. Emphasizing that the black rage defense must be enlisted responsibly and selectively, Harris skillfully distinguishes between applying an environmental defense and simply blaming society, in the abstract, for individual crimes. If Ferguson had invoked such a defense, in Harris's words, it would have sent a superficial, wrong-headed, blame-everything-on-racism message. Careful not to succumb to easy generalizations, Harris also addresses the possibilities of a white rage defense and the more recent phenomenon of cultural defenses. He illustrates how a person's environment can, and does, affect his or her life and actions, how even the most rational person can become criminally deranged, when bludgeoned into hopelessness by exploitation, racism, and relentless poverty. 410 0$aCritical America. 606 $aExtenuating circumstances$zUnited States 606 $aAfrican Americans$xSocial conditions 606 $aRacism$zUnited States 606 $aAfrican Americans$zPsychology 606 $aDefense (Criminal procedure)$zUnited States 607 $aUnited States$xRace relations 615 0$aExtenuating circumstances 615 0$aAfrican Americans$xSocial conditions. 615 0$aRacism 615 0$aAfrican Americans 615 0$aDefense (Criminal procedure) 676 $a345.73/04 700 $aHarris$b Paul$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$01232716 801 0$bDE-B1597 801 1$bDE-B1597 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996588063703316 996 $aBlack Rage Confronts the Law$92862267 997 $aUNISA