LEADER 07569oam 22014414 450 001 9910791196903321 005 20230803221539.0 010 $a1-4843-6658-1 010 $a1-4755-3021-8 010 $a1-4843-6685-9 035 $a(CKB)2550000001312899 035 $a(EBL)1701793 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001305869 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11850839 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001305869 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11274225 035 $a(PQKB)11009109 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1701793 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1701793 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10878957 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL616100 035 $a(OCoLC)881416160 035 $a(IMF)1UKREE2014001 035 $a(IMF)1UKREA2014001 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001312899 100 $a20020129d2014 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aUkraine : $eRequest for A Stand-By Arrangement 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2014. 215 $a1 online resource (127 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Staff Country Reports 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4843-4037-X 311 $a1-306-84849-0 327 $aCover; CONTENTS; CONTEXT; BUILD UP OF IMBALANCES AND VULNERABILITIES BEFORE THE CRISIS; RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND CHALLENGES; BOXES; 1. Ukraine's Dire Energy Finances; POLICY DISCUSSIONS; A. Program Objectives and Strategy; B. Macroeconomic Framework; C. Monetary and Exchange Rate Policy; 2. Balance Sheet Impact of Currency Depreciation; 3. Exchange Rate and Reserve Adequacy Assessment; D. Financial Sector Policy; E. Fiscal Policy; F. Energy Sector Reforms; 4. Energy Sector Reforms; G. Reforms for Better Governance and Transparency; RISKS TO THE PROGRAM; A. Risks to Macroeconomic Outlook 327 $a5. Ukraine's Connectedness with RussiaB. Risks to Program Implementation; C. Strategy for Mitigating Program Risks and Uncertainties; PROGRAM MODALITIES AND CAPACITY TO REPAY; A. Access and Phasing; B. Exceptional Access Criteria; C. Capacity to Repay the Fund; D. Program Monitoring and Conditionality; 6. Proposed Stand-By Arrangement; STAFF APPRAISAL; TABLES; 1. Program Scenario-Selected Economic and Social Indicators, 2011-19; 2. Program Scenario-General Government Finances, 2011-19; 3. Program Scenario-Balance of Payments, 2011-19 327 $a4. Program Scenario-Gross External Financing Requirements, 2011-195. Program Scenario-Monetary Accounts, 2011-19; 6. Financial Soundness Indicators for the Banking Sector, 2009-13; 7. Indicators of Fund Credit, 2012-19; FIGURES; 1. Real Sector Indicators, 2009-14; 2. Inflation, Monetary, and Exchange Rate Developments, 2009-14; 3. External Sector Developments, 2008-14; 4. Debt and Rollover of Debt, 2008-13; 5. Financial Sector Indicators, 2009-14; 6. Economic Indicators during Past Emerging Market Currency Crises, 1990-2014; ANNEXES; I. Public Debt Sustainability Analysis 327 $aII. External Debt Sustainability AnalysisAPPENDIXES; Letter of Intent; ATTACHMENTS; I. Memorandum of Economic and Financial Policies; II. Technical Memorandum of Understanding; CONTENTS; INTRODUCTION; BACKGROUND; TABLES; 1. Proposed SBA-Access and Phasing; 2. IMF Financial Arrangements and Fund Exposure, 1994-2021; 3. External Debt Structure, 2005-2013; THE NEW STAND-BY ARRANGEMENT-RISKS AND IMPACT ON FUND'S FINANCES; A. Risks to the Fund; FIGURES; 1. Debt Ratios for Recent Exceptional Access Arrangements; 2. Credit Outstanding in the GRA around Peak Borrowing 327 $a3. Peak Fund Exposure and Debt Service Ratios for Recent Exceptional Access CasesB. Impact on the Fund's Liquidity Position and Risk Exposure; 4. Capacity to Repay Indicators; 4. Exceptional Access Levels and Credit Concentration; 5. Impact on GRA Finances; ASSESSMENT 330 3 $aThis paper discusses Ukraine?s Request for a Stand-by Arrangement. Ukraine?s economy had been in recession since mid-2012. Inconsistent macroeconomic policies pursued in 2012?2013 aggravated deep-seated vulnerabilities and eventually generated a balance-of-payment crisis. Key objectives of the authorities? program are to restore macroeconomic stability, strengthen economic governance and transparency, and lay the foundation for robust and balanced economic growth. To achieve these objectives, the government will implement immediate measures aimed at securing stability, combined with deeper reforms to achieve and sustain external sustainability, ensure financial stability, restore sound public finances, rationalize the energy sector, and improve the business environment. 410 0$aIMF Staff Country Reports; Country Report ;$vNo. 2014/106 606 $aFiscal policy$zUkraine 606 $aMonetary policy$zUkraine 606 $aForeign exchange$zUkraine 606 $aBanks and Banking$2imf 606 $aExports and Imports$2imf 606 $aForeign Exchange$2imf 606 $aMoney and Monetary Policy$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aTaxation$2imf 606 $aInternational Lending and Debt Problems$2imf 606 $aDebt$2imf 606 $aDebt Management$2imf 606 $aSovereign Debt$2imf 606 $aBanks$2imf 606 $aDepository Institutions$2imf 606 $aMicro Finance Institutions$2imf 606 $aMortgages$2imf 606 $aTrade Policy$2imf 606 $aInternational Trade Organizations$2imf 606 $aMonetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General$2imf 606 $aInternational economics$2imf 606 $aPublic finance & taxation$2imf 606 $aCurrency$2imf 606 $aForeign exchange$2imf 606 $aBanking$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aMonetary economics$2imf 606 $aExternal debt$2imf 606 $aPublic debt$2imf 606 $aDebt service$2imf 606 $aExchange rates$2imf 606 $aDebts, Public$2imf 606 $aDebts, External$2imf 606 $aBanks and banking$2imf 606 $aTariff$2imf 607 $aUkraine$2imf 615 0$aFiscal policy 615 0$aMonetary policy 615 0$aForeign exchange 615 7$aBanks and Banking 615 7$aExports and Imports 615 7$aForeign Exchange 615 7$aMoney and Monetary Policy 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aTaxation 615 7$aInternational Lending and Debt Problems 615 7$aDebt 615 7$aDebt Management 615 7$aSovereign Debt 615 7$aBanks 615 7$aDepository Institutions 615 7$aMicro Finance Institutions 615 7$aMortgages 615 7$aTrade Policy 615 7$aInternational Trade Organizations 615 7$aMonetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit: General 615 7$aInternational economics 615 7$aPublic finance & taxation 615 7$aCurrency 615 7$aForeign exchange 615 7$aBanking 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aMonetary economics 615 7$aExternal debt 615 7$aPublic debt 615 7$aDebt service 615 7$aExchange rates 615 7$aDebts, Public 615 7$aDebts, External 615 7$aBanks and banking 615 7$aTariff 676 $a338.9477 712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund. 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910791196903321 996 $aUkraine$91324581 997 $aUNINA LEADER 10847nam 22004813 450 001 996587861303316 005 20240308080228.0 010 $a981-9705-86-X 035 $a(CKB)30597433200041 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC31200762 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL31200762 035 $a(EXLCZ)9930597433200041 100 $a20240308d2024 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aChinese Lexical Semantics $e24th Workshop, CLSW 2023, Singapore, Singapore, May 19-21, 2023, Revised Selected Papers, Part II 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aSingapore :$cSpringer,$d2024. 210 4$d©2024. 215 $a1 online resource (529 pages) 225 1 $aLecture Notes in Computer Science Series ;$vv.14515 311 $a981-9705-85-1 327 $aIntro -- Preface -- Organization -- Contents - Part II -- Contents - Part I -- Computational Linguistics and Natural Language Processing -- Teaching Chinese Pattern Extraction and Its Knowledge Base Construction for Specific Domain Texts -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Formal Definition and Feature Analysis of the Sentence Pattern Form -- 3 An Overview of Sentence Pattern Structure -- 4 The Primary Flow of the Extraction Method -- 4.1 Steps of the Extraction Algorithm -- 4.2 Single-Layer SPS Expression Generation -- 4.3 Word Processing -- 4.4 Handling of SPS Identifiers and Placeholders -- 5 Extraction Algorithm Based on the Rule Knowledge Base -- 5.1 Algorithm Based on the Knowledge Base of Relative Conjunctions -- 5.2 Algorithm Based on the Knowledge Base of Component Collocations -- 6 Extraction Algorithm Based on Structural Coverage and Content Specificity -- 6.1 Extension and Derivation of SPS Expressions -- 6.2 Filter SPS Expressions with Structural Coverage and Content Specificity -- 7 Conclusion -- References -- Probability Distribution of Dependency Distance of Mongolian Nouns -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Corpus and Methods -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 Distribution of Mongolian Nouns -- 3.2 The Probability Distribution of Noun Dependency Distances Based on Written Language Treebank -- 3.3 The Probability Distribution of Noun Dependency Distances Based on Spoken Language Treebank -- References -- The Use and Evolution of Colors in Written Chinese Since the Late Qing Dynasty -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Definition and Classification of Basic Color Words -- 2.1 Basic Color Word Theory -- 2.2 Evolution of Basic Chinese Color Words -- 3 Chinese Color Words in Newspaper Corpus -- 3.1 Corpus Resources -- 3.2 Color Words in Shun Pao and People's Daily Overview -- 4 Evolution of High-Frequency Theme Colors Over Time Evolution. 327 $a4.1 Theme Colors in Shun Pao and People's Daily -- 4.2 Co-occurrence of Color Words in Shun Pao and People's Daily -- 4.3 Evolution of the Coloring Domain of the High-Frequency Theme Colors -- 4.4 High Frequency Theme Color Ephemeral Characteristics -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- A Study of Identification of Chinese VO Idioms with Statistical Measures -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods for Identification of Chinese VO Idioms -- 3 Experiments -- 3.1 Corpus Data and Processing -- 3.2 VO Idiom Annotation -- 3.3 Experimental Result and Discussion -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Sensory Features in Affective Analysis: A Study Based on Neural Network Models -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Sensory Features in Affective Analysis -- 3 Our Model -- 3.1 External Sensorimotor Resource -- 3.2 Model Structure -- 4 Experiment Results -- 4.1 Datasets -- 4.2 Baseline Methods -- 4.3 Performance Evaluation -- 4.4 Case Study -- 5 Limitation -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Corpus Construction of Critical Illness Entities and Relationships -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Critical Illness Entity and Relation Annotation Schema -- 4 Corpus Construction Process -- 4.1 Data Preprocessing -- 4.2 Human Annotation -- 4.3 Automatic Annotation -- 5 Construction Results and Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Research on the Structure of Pediatric Epilepsy Electronic Medical Records Based on Transfer Learning -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Electronic Medical Record Analysis and Preprocessing -- 3.1 Structured Process -- 3.2 Analysis -- 3.3 Data Preprocessing -- 4 Named Entity Recognition Based on Transfer Learning -- 4.1 Model Architecture -- 4.2 Dataset -- 4.3 Results and Analysis -- 5 Data Integration -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Semantic and Phonological Distances in Free Word Association Tasks -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Materials -- 3 Method. 327 $a3.1 Phonological Distance -- 3.2 Semantic Distance -- 3.3 Comparing Phonological and Semantic Distances -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Suffix ??51 in Zhangzhou: An Interdisciplinary Explorations -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Zhangzhou and Speech -- 2.1 Zhangzhou City -- 2.2 Zhangzhou Syllables -- 2.3 Zhangzhou Tones -- 2.4 Zhangzhou Tone Sandhi -- 3 Zhangzhou Suffix ??51 -- 3.1 Attached to Nouns -- 3.2 Attached to Verbs -- 3.3 Attached to Adjectives -- 3.4 Attached to Noun Phrases -- 3.5 Attached to Verbal Phrases -- 3.6 Attached to Adjective Phrases -- 3.7 Attached to Classifiers -- 4 Discussion -- 4.1 Semantic Function -- 4.2 Morpho-syntactic Function -- 4.3 Interface with Prosody -- 4.4 Occurrence Constraints -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Does Bert Know How `Virus' Evolved: Tracking Usage Changes in Chinese Textual Data -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Methodology -- 3.1 Corpus -- 3.2 Target Words -- 3.3 Sense Representations -- 3.4 Sense Classification -- 4 Evaluation on Sense Classification -- 5 Discussion -- 6 Conclusions -- References -- The Evolution of "X huà" in the Press Since the Late Qing Dynasty -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Study Design -- 2.1 Corpus Resources -- 2.2 Steps of the Study -- 3 "X huà" in the Press Corpus -- 3.1 "X huà" in ShenBao -- 3.2 "X huà" in People's Daily -- 4 Evolutionary Analysis of "X huà" -- 4.1 Lexicality of the Mold Slot "X" in "X huà" -- 4.2 Evolution of the Number of "X huà" Syllables -- 4.3 Evolving Trends in "X huà" -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Distribution of Motifs in Mongolian Word Length -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Methods and Data -- 2.1 Corpus Preprocessing -- 2.2 Word Length Measurement Unit -- 2.3 Word Length Motif -- 3 Results and Discussion -- 3.1 The Distribution of Mongolian Word Length Motif -- 3.2 The Probability Distribution of Mongolian Word Length Motif. 327 $a3.3 The Distribution of the Length of Mongolian Word Length Motif -- 3.4 The Probability Distribution of the Length of Mongolian Word Length Motif -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- Construction of Knowledge Base of Non-Core Argument Based on Serial Verb Construction -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Research Status -- 3 The Non-Core Argument Role System -- 4 Construction of the Knowledge Base -- 4.1 The Extraction of Serial Verb Construction -- 4.2 The Disambiguation of Serial Verb Construction -- 4.3 Extraction of Chunk Center Words -- 4.4 Non-Core Argument Role Identification -- 5 Knowledge Base Structure and Analysis -- 5.1 Forms of Knowledge Base -- 5.2 Correlation Analysis of Non-core Argument Roles -- 5.3 Correlation Analysis of Verbal Guide Words -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- The Application of Chinese Word Segmentation to Less-Resourced Language Processing -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review -- 3 Methodology -- 4 Evaluation of Word Segmentation Results -- 5 Testing Procedure and Analysis -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Research on Automatic Summary Method for Futures Research Reports Based on TextRank -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Problem Description -- 3 Method -- 3.1 Preliminary Extraction -- 3.2 Sentence Feature Representation -- 3.3 Candidate Summary Extraction Based on TextRank -- 3.4 Supplementary Summary Extraction Based on MMR -- 4 Experiment and Result Analysis -- 4.1 Evaluation Indicators -- 4.2 Experimental Design -- 4.3 Experimental Design -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Automatic Question Generation for Language Learning Task Based on the Grid-Based Language Structure Parsing Framework -- 1 Introduction -- 1.1 Origin of the Research -- 1.2 Related Research -- 2 Grid-Based Language Structure Parsing Framework -- 3 Construction of Knowledge Database in the Field of International Chinese Language Education -- 3.1 Data. 327 $a3.2 Construction of Knowledge Database -- 4 Experimentation of Automatic Question Based on Grid-Based Language Structure Parsing Framework -- 4.1 Framework -- 4.2 Experimentation -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Corpus Linguistics -- What Factors Can Facilitate Efficient Propagation of Chinese Neologisms-A Corpus-Driven Study with Internet Usage Data -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Method -- 2.1 Data Source -- 2.2 Popularity Measurement -- 2.3 Data Annotation -- 2.4 Data Analysis -- 2.5 Summary -- References -- COVID-19 Related Expressions and Their Correlation with the Pandemic: An Internet-Based Study -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Motivation and Purpose -- 3 Literature Review -- 3.1 Corpus-Based Research -- 3.2 Co-occurrences and Collocations -- 4 Corpus Resource -- 5 Analysis -- 5.1 The Names of COVID-19 During Different Periods -- 5.2 Collocations in Different Periods -- 5.3 Comprehensive Analysis of Collocations -- 6 Conclusion -- References -- Chinese Inter-clausal Anaphora in Causal Relation-A Corpus Study -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Related Work -- 3 Data Collection -- 3.1 Corpus Construction -- 3.2 Annotation -- 4 Five Hypotheses -- 4.1 Comparisons Within Structures -- 4.2 Comparisons Between Structures -- 5 Conclusion -- References -- Corpus-Based Study on the Evolution of the Lexical Phonetic Forms from Old Chinese to Middle Chinese -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Preliminary -- 3 Corpus-Based Quantitative Analysis -- 3.1 Evolution of Syllable Forms Based on Statistics of Word Types -- 3.2 Evolution of Syllable Forms Based on Statistics of Word Tokens -- 3.3 Evolution of Syllable Forms Among High-Frequency Words -- 3.4 Evolution of Syllable Forms from the Perspective of Given Books -- 4 Conclusion -- References -- A Corpus-Based Study of Lexical Chunks in Chinese Academic Discourse: Extraction, Classification, and Application -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Literature Review. 327 $a2.1 Definition of Lexical Chunks. 410 0$aLecture Notes in Computer Science Series 700 $aDong$b Minghui$01731912 701 $aHong$b Jia-Fei$01227090 701 $aLin$b Jingxia$01604536 701 $aJin$b Peng$01731913 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996587861303316 996 $aChinese Lexical Semantics$94145269 997 $aUNISA