LEADER 05079nam 2200613Ia 450 001 9910830481403321 005 20230421044612.0 010 $a1-281-75885-X 010 $a9786611758851 010 $a3-527-61607-1 010 $a3-527-61606-3 035 $a(CKB)1000000000376371 035 $a(EBL)482279 035 $a(OCoLC)649987373 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000123927 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11134078 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000123927 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10016314 035 $a(PQKB)10652963 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC482279 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000376371 100 $a19940509d1994 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aClusters and colloids$b[electronic resource] $efrom theory to applications /$fedited by Gu?nter Schmid 210 $aWeinheim ;$aNew York $cVCH$dc1994 215 $a1 online resource (573 p.) 300 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 311 $a3-527-29043-5 327 $aClusters and Colloids; Contents; 1 General Introduction; 2 Electronic Structure of Metal Clusters and Cluster Compounds; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 The Description of the Clusters Electronic Structure; 2.2.1 Wave Function Based Methods; 2.2.2 Density Functional Methods; 2.2.3 Simplified Methods; 2.3 Structure and Properties of Naked Clusters; 2.3.1 The Theoretical Description of Metal Clusters; 2.3.2 Structure, Bonding, and Stability; 2.3.2.1 Geometrical Structures; 2.3.2.2 The Jellium Model; 2.3.2.3 Fluxionality; 2.3.2.4 Stability and Fragmentation; 2.3.2.5 Bond Lengths 327 $a2.3.2.6 Electron Delocalization in Clusters2.3.3 Ionization Potentials and Electron Affinities; 2.3.4 Electronic States, "Band Structure", and Band Gap; 2.3.5 Optical Responses; 2.3.6 Clusters in External Fields; 2.3.6.1 Magnetic Behavior; 2.3.6.2 Electric Polarizability; 2.4 Structure and Properties of Ligated Clusters; 2.4.1 The Metal - Ligand Interactions; 2.4.2 Structures and Bond Lengths; 2.4.2.1 Geometrical Structures; 2.4.2.2 Metal - Metal Bond Lengths; 2.4.2.3 The Ligand Polyhedron; 2.4.3 Topological Relationships and Simplified Bonding Models 327 $a2.4.3.1 The Effective Atomic Number (EAN) Rule2.4.3.2 The Polyhedral Skeletal Electron Pair (PSEP) Model; 2.4.3.3 Topological Electron Counting (TEC); 2.4.3.4 Electron Counting Based on the Extended Hu?ckel Approach; 2.4.3.5 Clusters Stabilized by s-s Interactions: A Unified View; 2.4.4 Quantum Chemistry of Organometallic Clusters: A Deeper Look into the Bonding; 2.4.4.1 Semiempirical Calculations; 2.4.4.2 Limitations of Simplified Approaches; 2.4.4.3 Bare Versus Ligated Clusters: The Effect of the Ligands; 2.4.4.4 Ligand-Field Effects in Clusters; 2.4.4.5 The Strength of the Metal-Metal Bonds 327 $a2.4.4.6 Clusters with Interstitial Atoms2.4.5 Physical Measurements and Chemical Bonding; 2.4.5.1 Photoelectron Spectroscopy; 2.4.5.2 Optical Spectroscopy; 2.4.5.3 Magnetic Susceptibility Measurements; 2.4.5.4 ESR Spectra; 2.4.5.5 NMR Spectra; 2.4.5.6 Specific Heat; 2.4.5.7 Redox Properties; 2.5 Conclusions; 2.5.1 The Role of Theory in Clusters Research; 2.5.2 On the Analogy between Metal Clusters and Surfaces; References; 3 Clusters in Ligand Shells; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Low-valent Organometallic Clusters 327 $a3.2.1 Interplay Between Electronic and Steric Factors in the Growth of Transition Metal Molecular Clusters in Ligand Shells3.2.2 Bonding and Spectroscopic Behavior of Carbon Monoxide; 3.2.3 Stereochemical Non-rigidity of Clusters in Ligand Shells; 3.2.4 Homo- and Heterometallic Transition Metal Clusters; 3.2.4.1 Synthesis of High Nuclearity Clusters by Ligand Elimination; 3.2.4.2 Synthesis of Higher Nuclearity Clusters by Elimination of Metal Fragments; 3.2.4.3 Synthesis of Higher Nuclearity Clusters by Redox Processes; 3.2.4.4 Structural Features of Homo- and Heterometallic Clusters 327 $a3.2.5 Transition Metal Clusters Containing Main Group Elements 330 $aThis book offers a comprehensive overview of the rapidly developing field of cluster science. In an interdisciplinary approach, basic concepts as well as recent developments in research and practical applications are authoritatively discussed by leading authors. Topics covered include 'naked' metal clusters, clusters stabilized by ligands, clusters in solids, and colloids.The reader will find answers to questions like:* How many metal atoms must a particle have to exhibit metallic properties?* How can the large specific surface of clusters and colloids be employed in catalysts? 606 $aMicroclusters 606 $aColloids 606 $aMolecular theory 615 0$aMicroclusters. 615 0$aColloids. 615 0$aMolecular theory. 676 $a541.3 701 $aSchmid$b Gu?nter$f1937-$01340763 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910830481403321 996 $aClusters and colloids$93062868 997 $aUNINA LEADER 02224nam 22004335 450 001 996565567203316 005 20240411110617.0 010 $a1-80041-715-2 010 $a1-80041-716-0 024 7 $a10.21832/9781800417151 035 $a(CKB)28006079400041 035 $a(DE-B1597)654388 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781800417151 035 $a(EXLCZ)9928006079400041 100 $a20231209h20232024 fg 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||#|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 12$aA Panorama of Linguistic Landscape Studies /$fDurk Gorter, Jasone Cenoz 210 1$aBristol ;$aBlue Ridge Summit :$cMultilingual Matters,$d[2023] 210 4$d2024 215 $a1 online resource (472 p.) 311 $a9781800417137 327 $tFrontmatter --$tContents --$tFigures --$tPreface --$t1 Introduction: Captivating Studies of Language in Public Spaces --$t2 History: Early Stages of an Emerging Field --$t3 Theoretical Approaches: A Range of Perspectives --$t4 Research Methods: Quantitative and Qualitative Approaches --$t5 Photography and Other Distinctive Research Methods --$t6 Multilingualism is All Around Us --$t7 The Visibility of Minority Languages --$t8 The Influence of Language Policies --$t9 English Can Be Seen Everywhere --$t10 Educational Contexts --$t11 What's In the Names? --$t12 Expanding the Field of View --$tReferences --$tIndex 330 $aThis book provides an overview of how the field of Linguistic Landscape Studies has emerged and developed over the past 20 years, combined with an in-depth exploration of the theoretical approaches, innovative research methods and major themes that have been central to this dynamic area of research. 606 $aSigns and signboards$xSemiotics 615 0$aSigns and signboards$xSemiotics. 676 $a306.44 686 $aES 100$2rvk 700 $aGorter$b Durk$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$00 702 $aCenoz$b Jasone$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut 801 0$bDE-B1597 801 1$bDE-B1597 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996565567203316 996 $aA Panorama of Linguistic Landscape Studies$93656483 997 $aUNISA