LEADER 04391nam 2200709 450 001 996418940103316 005 20210507234202.0 010 $a1-61811-285-6 024 7 $a10.1515/9781618112859 035 $a(CKB)3710000000454798 035 $a(EBL)3425620 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001559139 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16185749 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001559139 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14820146 035 $a(PQKB)11482119 035 $a(DE-B1597)541034 035 $a(OCoLC)1135587308 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781618112859 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3425620 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11083660 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL818761 035 $a(OCoLC)935242839 035 $a(ScCtBLL)31ebc088-ec58-4ea3-b1f8-d9a12d1ffc0b 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3425620 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000454798 100 $a20150812h20152015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurnnu---|u||u 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe first to be destroyed $ethe Jewish community of Kleczew and the beginning of the final solution /$fAnetta G?owacka-Penczyn?ska, Tomasz Kawski, Witold Me?dykowski ; edited by Tuvia Horev ; book design by Ivan Grave 210 1$aBoston, [Massachusetts] :$cAcademic Studies Press,$d2015. 210 4$dİ2015 215 $a1 online resource (450 p.) 225 1 $aJudaism and Jewish Life 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-61811-284-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tList of Photographs --$tList of Tables --$tList of Maps --$tAcknowledgements --$tPreface --$tIntroduction --$tPART One. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE JEWISH COMMUNITY OF KLECZEW --$tChapter 1. The Old Polish Period (Fifteenth-Eighteenth Centuries) --$tChapter 2. The Partition and Foreign Occupation Period in Poland (Late Eighteenth-Early Twentieth Centuries) --$tChapter 3. Interwar Kleczew (1918-1939) --$tPART Two. "IN THE EYE OF THE STORM": JEWS IN OCCUPIED KLECZEW AND REICHSGAU WARTHELAND --$tChapter 4. The First Occupation Years: "Resettlement" and Deportation --$tChapter 5. Forced Labor --$tPART Three. FIRST TO BE DESTROYED: THE BEGINNING OF ORGANIZED MASS EXTERMINATION --$tChapter 6. "Piloting" the Organized Mass Extermination of Jews --$tChapter 7. Establishment and Operation of the First Extermination Camp --$tPART Four. EPILOGUE: THE POSTWAR PERIOD --$tChapter 8. Kleczew after the War --$tANNEXES --$tAnnex 1: Documents, Letters, and Testimonies --$tAnnex 2: Stories of Descendants and Survivors of the Jewish Community of Kleczew --$tAnnex 3: Tables --$tList of Abbreviations --$tArchival Sources --$tBibliography --$tIndex 330 $aThe Jewish community of the city of Kleczew came into existence in the sixteenth century. It remained large and strong throughout the next four hundred years, and in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries it constituted 40-60% of the total population. The German army entered Kleczew on September 15, 1939, shortly after the outbreak of World War II. The communities of Kleczew and the vicinity were among the first Jewish collectives in Europe to be totally destroyed. The events presented in this book reveal that the organization of deportations and the methods of mass murder conducted in this district, by Kommando Lange, served as a model that would be applied later in the death camps during the mass extermination of Polish and European Jewry. If so, it was in the woods near Kleczew that the "Final Solution of the Jewish Question" began. 410 0$aJudaism and Jewish life. 606 $aJews$zPoland$zJedwabne$xHistory 606 $aHolocaust, Jewish (1939-1945)$zPoland$zJedwabne 607 $aKleczew (Poland)$xEthnic relations 615 0$aJews$xHistory. 615 0$aHolocaust, Jewish (1939-1945) 676 $a940.53180943836 700 $aG?owacka-Penczyn?ska$b Anetta$0960505 702 $aKawski$b Tomasz$f1969- 702 $aMe?dykowski$b Witold 702 $aHorev$b Tuvia 702 $aGrave$b Ivan Platonovich$f1874-1960, 712 02$aKnowledge Unlatched$4fnd$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/fnd 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996418940103316 996 $aThe first to be destroyed$92177411 997 $aUNISA