LEADER 02124nam 2200409 n 450 001 996391674503316 005 20200824121839.0 035 $a(CKB)4940000000107814 035 $a(EEBO)2240961663 035 $a(UnM)99862306e 035 $a(UnM)99862306 035 $a(EXLCZ)994940000000107814 100 $a19921014d1647 uy | 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurbn||||a|bb| 200 12$aA true and impartiall history of the military government of the citie of Gloucester$b[electronic resource] $efrom the beginning of the civil war between the King and Parliament, to the removall of that most faithfull and deserving commander for the defence of his country in their greatest necessity, Col. Edward Massey: who was removed from that government, to the command of the western forces, where he performed most faithfull and gallant service 205 $aThe second edition: published by authority. 210 $aLondon, $cPrinted for Robert Bostock in Pauls Church-yard at the signe of the Kings Head$d1647 215 $a[8] 140 p., [1] leaf of plates $cport 300 $aThe second edition of: Corbet, John. An historicall relation of the military government of Gloucester (Wing C6252B). 300 $aWrongly ascribed in the Wing catalogue (2nd ed., 1972) to John Corbet, 1603-1641 [i.e. Lysimachus Nicanor]. 300 $aAnnotation on Thomason copy: between 'edition' and 'published': "with additions." 300 $aReproduction of the original in the British Library. 330 $aeebo-0018 607 $aGreat Britain$xHistory$yCivil War, 1642-1649$vEarly works to 1800 607 $aGloucester (England)$xHistory$vEarly works to 1800 607 $aGloucester (England)$xPolitics and government$vEarly works to 1800 700 $aCorbet$b John$f1620-1680.$01001812 701 $aNicanor$b Lysimachus$f1603-1641.$01002628 801 0$bCu-RivES 801 1$bCu-RivES 801 2$bCStRLIN 801 2$bWaOLN 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996391674503316 996 $aA true and impartiall history of the military government of the citie of Gloucester$92364352 997 $aUNISA LEADER 09756nam 2200529 450 001 9910491030503321 005 20231110232803.0 010 $a3-030-68349-4 035 $a(CKB)4100000011979396 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6676169 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6676169 035 $a(OCoLC)1260343196 035 $a(PPN)269145958 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000011979396 100 $a20220328d2021 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aPhysics of liquid matter /$fPaola Gallo and Mauro Rovere 210 1$aCham, Switzerland :$cSpringer,$d[2021] 210 4$dİ2021 215 $a1 online resource (338 pages) 225 1 $aSoft and Biological Matter 300 $aIncludes index. 311 $a3-030-68348-6 327 $aIntro -- Preface -- Contents -- Acronyms -- 1 An Introduction to the Liquid State of Matter -- 1.1 Liquid State of Matter -- 1.1.1 Examples of Phase Diagram of Pure Substances: CO2 and Water -- 1.1.2 Phase Diagram of Binary Mixtures -- 1.2 Structure and Dynamics of Liquids: Experiments and Correlation Functions -- 1.3 Microscopic Models for Liquids -- 1.3.1 Classical Approximation -- 1.3.2 Different Models -- 1.4 Potential Energy Landscape -- 1.5 Approximate Theories and Computer Simulation -- 1.6 Water and Hydrogen Bond -- 1.7 Metastable States and Disordered Solid Matter -- 1.8 Soft Matter -- 1.8.1 Colloids -- 1.8.2 Biomolecules -- References -- 2 Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics of Fluid States -- 2.1 Extensive and Intensive Functions -- 2.2 Energy and Entropy -- 2.3 Gibbs-Duhem Relation -- 2.4 Equilibrium Conditions -- 2.5 Equilibrium Conditions and Intensive Quantities -- 2.6 Macroscopic Response Functions and Stability Conditions -- 2.7 Legendre Transforms and Thermodynamic Potentials -- 2.7.1 Helmholtz Free Energy -- 2.7.2 Gibbs Free Energy -- 2.7.3 Enthalpy -- 2.7.4 Grand Canonical Potential -- 2.7.5 Tabulated Thermodynamic Potentials -- 2.8 Stability Conditions for Thermodynamic Potentials -- 2.9 Coexistence and Phase Transitions -- 2.10 Phase Transitions and Their Classifications -- 2.11 Van der Waals Equation -- 2.12 General Form of the Van der Waals Equation and Corresponding States -- 2.13 Critical Behaviour of the Van der Waals Equation -- 2.14 Ensembles in Statistical Mechanics -- 2.14.1 Microcanonical Ensemble -- 2.14.2 Canonical Ensemble -- 2.14.3 Grand Canonical Ensemble -- 2.14.4 Isobaric-Isothermal Ensemble -- 2.15 Fluctuations and Thermodynamics -- References -- 3 Microscopic Forces and Structure of Liquids -- 3.1 Force Field for Atoms in Liquids -- 3.2 Local Structure of a Liquid. 327 $a3.3 Distribution Functions in the Canonical Ensemble -- 3.4 Relation of the RDF with Thermodynamics -- 3.4.1 Energy -- 3.4.2 Pressure from the Virial -- 3.5 Distribution Functions in the Grand Canonical Ensemble -- 3.6 Hierarchical Equations -- 3.7 Qualitative Behaviour of the Radial Distribution Function -- 3.8 Experimental Determination of the Structure of Liquids -- 3.9 Neutron Scattering on Liquids -- 3.10 Static Limit and the Structure of Liquid -- 3.11 The Static Structure Factor -- 3.12 The Structure Factor and the RDF of Liquid Argon -- 3.13 The Structure Factor Close to a Critical Point -- 3.14 Structure of Multicomponent Liquids -- 3.14.1 Partial Structure Factor of Multicomponent Liquids -- 3.14.2 Isotopic Substitution -- 3.14.3 An Example: Molten Salts -- 3.15 Structure of Molecular Liquids -- 3.15.1 Structure of Liquid Water -- References -- 4 Theoretical Studies of the Structure of Liquids -- 4.1 Virial Expansion in the Canonical Ensemble -- 4.1.1 From Hard Spheres to the Van der Waals Equation -- 4.2 The Mean Force Potential -- 4.3 Kirkwood Approximation -- 4.4 Radial Distribution Function from the Excess Free Energy -- 4.5 Density Distributions from the Grand Partition Function -- 4.6 Grand Potential as Generating Functional -- 4.7 Classical Density Functional Theory -- 4.7.1 Equilibrium Conditions -- 4.7.2 The Ornstein-Zernike Equation -- 4.7.3 The Ornstein-Zernike Equation in k-Space -- 4.7.4 Free Energy Calculation -- 4.7.5 Expansion from the Homogeneous System -- 4.8 Closure Relations from the Density Functional Theory -- 4.9 An Exact Equation for the g(r) -- 4.10 HNC and Percus-Yevick Approximations -- 4.10.1 RPA and MSA -- 4.11 Properties of the Hard Sphere Fluid -- 4.12 Equation of State and Liquid-Solid Transition of Hard Spheres -- 4.13 Percus-Yevick for the Hard Sphere Fluid. 327 $a4.14 Equation of State and Thermodynamic Inconsistency -- 4.15 Routes to Consistency: Modified HNC and Reference HNC -- 4.16 Perturbation Theories: Optimized RPA -- 4.17 Models for Colloids -- References -- 5 Methods of Computer Simulation -- 5.1 Molecular Dynamics Methods -- 5.1.1 Molecular Dynamics and Statistical Mechanics -- 5.1.2 Algorithms for the Time Evolution -- 5.1.3 Predictor/Corrector -- 5.1.4 Verlet Algorithms -- Velocity Verlet -- Leapfrog -- 5.1.5 Calculation of the Forces -- 5.1.6 Initial Configuration -- 5.1.7 Temperature in the Microcanonical Ensemble -- 5.1.8 Equilibration Procedure -- 5.1.9 Thermodynamic and Structure -- 5.1.10 Long-Range Corrections -- 5.1.11 Ewald Method -- 5.2 Monte Carlo Simulation -- 5.2.1 Monte Carlo Integration and Importance Sampling -- 5.2.2 Integrals in Statistical Mechanics -- 5.2.3 Importance Sampling in Statistical Mechanics -- 5.2.4 Markov Processes -- 5.2.5 Ergodicity and Detailed Balance -- 5.2.6 Metropolis Method -- 5.2.7 Averaging on Monte Carlo Steps -- 5.2.8 MC Sampling in Other Ensembles -- Isobaric-Isothermal MC -- Grand Canonical MC -- 5.2.9 MC in the Gibbs Ensemble -- 5.3 MD in Different Ensembles -- 5.3.1 Controlling the Temperature: MD in the Canonical Ensemble -- The Nose? Method -- Hoover Equations -- 5.3.2 Pressure Control -- 5.4 Molecular Liquids -- 5.5 Microscopic Models for Water -- 5.6 Some More Hints -- 5.7 Direct Calculations of the Equation of State -- 5.8 Free Energy Calculation from Thermodynamic Integration -- 5.9 An Example: Liquid-Solid Transition -- 5.10 Calculation of the Chemical Potential: The Widom Method -- 5.11 Sampling in a Complex Energy Landscape -- 5.12 Umbrella Sampling -- 5.13 Histogram Methods -- 5.14 Free Energy Along a Reaction Coordinate -- 5.14.1 Umbrella Sampling for Reaction Coordinates -- 5.14.2 Metadynamics -- 5.15 Simulation of Critical Phenomena. 327 $aReferences -- 6 Dynamical Correlation Functions and Linear Response Theory for Fluids -- 6.1 Dynamical Observables -- 6.2 Correlation Functions -- 6.2.1 Further Properties of the Correlation Functions -- 6.3 Linear Response Theory -- 6.4 Dynamical Response Functions -- 6.5 Fluctuation-Dissipation Theorem -- 6.6 Response Functions and Dissipation -- 6.7 Density Correlation Functions and Van Hove Functions -- 6.8 Neutron Scattering to Determine the Liquid Dynamics -- 6.9 Dynamic Structure Factor -- 6.9.1 Static Limit -- 6.9.2 Incoherent Scattering -- 6.10 Density Fluctuations and Dissipation -- 6.10.1 Detailed Balance -- 6.11 Static Limit of the Density Fluctuations -- 6.12 Static Response Function and the Verlet Criterion -- References -- 7 Dynamics of Liquids -- 7.1 Thermal Motion in Liquids -- 7.2 Brownian Motion and Langevin Equation -- 7.3 Diffusion and Self Van Hove Function -- 7.4 Limit of the Dilute Gas -- 7.5 Short Time Expansion of the Self-Intermediate Scattering Function -- 7.6 Correlation Functions of the Currents -- 7.7 The Hydrodynamic Limit -- 7.8 Diffusion in the Hydrodynamic Limit -- 7.9 Velocity Correlation Function -- 7.10 Liquid Dynamics in the Hydrodynamic Limit -- 7.10.1 Transverse Current -- 7.10.2 Equations Under Isotherm Conditions, Longitudinal Current and Sound Waves -- 7.10.3 Longitudinal Current in Presence of Thermal Diffusion and Brillouin Scattering -- 7.11 Different Regimes for the Liquid Dynamics: The De Gennes Narrowing -- 7.12 Introduction of Memory Effects -- 7.12.1 The Langevin Equation and Memory Effects -- 7.12.2 Viscoelasticity: The Maxwell Model -- 7.12.3 Generalized Viscosity and Memory Effects -- 7.13 Definition of Memory Functions -- 7.14 Memory Function for the Velocity Correlation Function -- References -- 8 Supercooled Liquids: Glass Transition and Mode Coupling Theory. 327 $a8.1 Phase Transitions and Metastability of Liquids -- 8.2 Liquids Upon Supercooling: From the Liquid to the Glass -- 8.3 Angell Plot -- 8.4 Kauzmann Temperature -- 8.5 Adam and Gibbs Theory -- 8.5.1 Cooperative Rearranging Regions -- 8.5.2 Calculation of the Configurational Entropy -- 8.6 Energy Landscape and Configurational Entropy -- 8.7 Dynamics of the Supercooled Liquid and Mode Coupling Theory -- 8.7.1 Dynamics Upon Supercooling -- 8.7.2 Mode Coupling Theory and Cage Effect -- 8.7.3 Formulation of the Theory -- 8.7.4 Glass Transition as Ergodic to Non-ergodic Crossover -- 8.7.5 The ?-Relaxation -- 8.7.6 ?-Relaxation -- References -- 9 Supercooled Water -- 9.1 Supercooled and Glassy Water -- 9.2 The Hypothesis of a Liquid-Liquid Critical Point -- 9.3 The Widom Line at the Liquid-Liquid Transition -- 9.4 Water as a Two-Component Liquid -- 9.5 Dynamical Properties of Water Upon Supercooling -- 9.6 Widom Line and the Fragile to Strong Crossover -- References -- Index. 410 0$aSoft and Biological Matter 606 $aFluid dynamics 606 $aHydrodynamics 615 0$aFluid dynamics. 615 0$aHydrodynamics. 676 $a632.05 700 $aGallo$b Paola$011324 702 $aRovere$b M$g(Mauro), 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910491030503321 996 $aPhysics of Liquid Matter$92281722 997 $aUNINA