LEADER 02239nam 2200421 n 450 001 996390191203316 005 20221108035716.0 035 $a(CKB)4940000000102669 035 $a(EEBO)2240934901 035 $a(UnM)99843262 035 $a(EXLCZ)994940000000102669 100 $a19910705d1603 uy | 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurbn||||a|bb| 200 02$aA princes looking glasse, or A princes direction, very requisite and necessarie for a Christian prince, to view and behold himselfe in$b[electronic resource] $econtaining sundrie, wise, learned, godly, and princely precepts and instructions, excerpted and chosen out of that most Christian, and vertuous Basilikon do?ron, or his Maiesties instructions to his dearest sonne Henrie the prince, and translated into Latin and English verse (his Maiesties consent and approbation beeing first had and obtained thereunto) for the more delight and pleasure of the said prince now in his young yeares: by William Willymat 210 $a[Cambridge] $cPrinted by Iohn Legat, printer to the Vniuersitie of Cambridge. 1603. And are to be sold in Pauls Churchyard [, London,] at the signe of the Crowne by Simon Waterson$d[1603] 215 $a[7], 88, [1] p 300 $aAn adaptation of: James I. Basilikon do?ron. 300 $aLatin and English verse on facing pages. 300 $aThe words "Basilikon do?ron" are in Greek characters. 300 $aEven page numbers on recto. 300 $aReproduction of the original in the British Library. 330 $aeebo-0018 606 $aEducation of princes$vEarly works to 1800 606 $aKings and rulers$xDuties$vEarly works to 1800 615 0$aEducation of princes 615 0$aKings and rulers$xDuties 700 $aWillymat$b William$fd. 1615.$01005625 701 $aJames$cKing of England,$f1566-1625.$01001019 701 $aHenry Frederick$cPrince of Wales,$f1594-1612.$01017874 801 0$bCu-RivES 801 1$bCu-RivES 801 2$bCStRLIN 801 2$bWaOLN 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996390191203316 996 $aA princes looking glasse, or A princes direction, very requisite and necessarie for a Christian prince, to view and behold himselfe in$92390495 997 $aUNISA LEADER 05525nam 2200781 a 450 001 9910958944803321 005 20240514061612.0 010 $a1-283-35947-2 010 $a9786613359476 010 $a90-272-8033-9 035 $a(CKB)2550000000072695 035 $a(EBL)805852 035 $a(OCoLC)769342246 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001101549 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11708165 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001101549 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11068289 035 $a(PQKB)10124299 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC805852 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL805852 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10517120 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL335947 035 $a(PPN)183104676 035 $a(DE-B1597)719437 035 $a(DE-B1597)9789027280336 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000072695 100 $a19840502d1983 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aUnderstatements and hedges in English /$fAxel Hu?bler 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aAmsterdam ;$aPhiladelphia :$cJ. Benjamins,$d1983. 215 $a1 online resource (202 pages) $cillustrations 225 1 $aPragmatics & beyond,$x0166-6258 ;$v4:6 300 $aRevision and translation of thesis (Habilitation)--University of Duisburg, 1981. 311 0 $a90-272-2531-1 320 $aBibliography: p. [183]-192. 327 $aUNDERSTATEMENTSAND HEDGES IN ENGLISH; Editorial page; Title page; Table of contents; PREFACE; 0. INTRODUCTION; 1. GUIDELINES TO UNDERSTATEMENTS AND HEDGES; 1.1. The sentence and its negatability; 1.1.1. Projective character of sentences; 1.1.2. Negatability of sentences; 1.2. Liability constraints of the sentence; 1.2.1. Liability constraints and argumentation basis of the sentence; 1.2.2. Liability and indetermination; 1.2.3. Specification of the concept of indetermination; 1.3. Working definition and working perspective; 2. PHRASTIC INDETERMINATION AS A DEVICE FOR FORMING UNDERSTATEMENTS 327 $a2.1. Negation of predicates 2.1.1. Negation; 2.1.1.1. Kinds of negation; 2.1.1.2. Semantics of negation; 2.1.2. Predicates; 2.1.2.1. Delimitations; 2.1.2.2. Scalability of adjectives; 2.1.2.3. Scalability of verbs and nouns; 2.1.3. Negative predications; 2.1.3.1. Affixal negation of predicates; 2.1.3.2. Free-morpheme negation of predicates; 2.1.4. Summary; 2.2. Detensification of predicates by grading adverbs; 2.2.1. Grading; 2.2.1.1. Grading and attributive modification; 2.2.1.2. Grading and modal modification; 2.2.1.3. Adverbs of degree 327 $a2.2.1.4. Classification of (detensifying) adverbs of degree 2.2.1.5. Detensification of predicates; 2.2.1.6. Detensification and indetermination; 2.2.2. Relationship of detensified and categorical predicates; 2.2.2.1. Negativity and positivity; 2.2.2.2. Speaker's perspective; 2.2.2.3. Grammaticization and idiomaticity; 2.2.2.4. Antonymicity; 2.2.3. Summary; 3. NEUSTIC INDETERMINATION AS A DEVICE FOR FORMING HEDGES; 3.1. Factivity and modality; 3.2. Questions; 3.2.1. Question forms - assertion forms; 3.2.2. Declarative questions; 3.2.3. Biased questions and rhetorical questions 327 $a3.2.4. Tag questions 3.2.5. Hedging function of questions; 3.3. Modalized assertory assertions; 3.3.1. General characterization; 3.3.2. Repertoire of modal expressions; 3.3.2.1. Parenthetical verbs; 3.3.2.2. Modal adverbs; 3.3.2.3. Modal verbs; 3.3.2.4. Synopsis of modal expressions; 3.3.3. Assertiveness of modal expressions; 3.4. Summary; 4. COMMUNICATIVE CONDITIONS FOR UNDERSTATEMENTS AND HEDGES; 4.1. Another look at negatability of sentences; 4.2. Communication as a possible threat to face; 4.3. Understatements and hedges as face saving strategies 327 $a4.4. Face threatening acts and face saving strategies exemplified by praise and criticism 4.4.1. The socially expected norm as a criterion for praise and criticism; 4.4.2. Calculating the seriousness of the threat to face; 4.4.3. Calculating the effectiveness of face saving strategies; 4.4.4. Choosing face saving strategies; 4.4.5. Stylistic differences; 4.5. Summary; FOOTNOTES; REFERENCES 330 $aThe goal of this monograph is a comprehensive analysis of understatements and other forms of non-direct speech (hedges) in modern English. It is based on a multi-level approach, including philosophical, cultural, and socio-psychological arguments. The main part consists of an investigation of the linguistic restrictions for understatements and hedges to be formed by means of the following grammatical categories: negation of predicates, gradation of predicates, modalization of affirmative sentences by means of parenthetical verbs, modal adverbs, modal verbs, and questions. 410 0$aPragmatics & beyond ;$v4:6. 606 $aFigures of speech 606 $aUnderstatement 606 $aEnglish language$xSpoken English 606 $aNational characteristics, English 606 $aEnglish language$xSyntax 615 0$aFigures of speech. 615 0$aUnderstatement. 615 0$aEnglish language$xSpoken English. 615 0$aNational characteristics, English. 615 0$aEnglish language$xSyntax. 676 $a420.1/9 676 $a420.19 686 $aHF 117$2rvk 700 $aHu?bler$b Axel$0251386 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910958944803321 996 $aUnderstatements and hedges in English$9634735 997 $aUNINA