LEADER 04774pam 2200517 a 450 001 996248157803316 005 20230828210748.0 010 $a0-585-10749-1 024 7 $a2027/heb09161 035 $a(CKB)111004366833442 035 $a(MH)001866743-0 035 $a(dli)HEB09161 035 $a(MiU)MIU01000000000000011662300 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111004366833442 100 $a19891129d1990 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurmnummmmuuuu 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe peasant family and rural development in the Yangzi Delta, 1350-1988 /$fPhilip C.C. Huang 210 0 $aStanford, Calif. $cStanford University Press$d1990 215 $a1 online resource (xiii, 421 p. )$cmaps ; 311 $a0-8047-1788-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [361]-388) and index. 327 $gPart one:$tto 1949 --$gThe$tYangzi Delta ecosystem --$tCommercialization and family production --$tCommercialization and managerial agriculture --$tCommercialization and involutionary growth 6. Peasants and markets 7. Imperialism, urban development, and rural involution --$tTwo kinds of village communities --$gPart II.$tAfter 1949 --$tRestructuring the old political economy --$tCollective, family, and sideline production --$tGrowth versus development in agriculture --$tRural industrialization --$tCapitalism versus socialism in rural development --$tPeasant-worker villages --$gPart III. Conclusion A$tg summing up --$tSome speculations. 330 $aHow can we account for the durability of subsistence farming in China despite six centuries of vigorous commercialization from 1350 to 1950 and three decades of collectivization between 1950 to 1980? Why did the Chinese rural economy not undergo the transformation predicted by the classical models of Adam Smith and Karl Marx? In attempting to answer this question, scholars have generally treated commercialization and collectivization as distinct from population increase, the other great rural change of the past six centuries. This book breaks new ground in arguing that in the Yangzi delta, China's most advanced agricultural region, population increase was what drove commercialization and collectivization, even as it was made possible by them. The processes at work, which the author terms involutionary commercialization and involutionary growth, entailed ever-increasing labor input per unit of land, resulting in expanded total output but diminishing marginal returns per workday. 330 $aIn the Ming-Qing period, involution usually meant a switch to more labor-intensive cash crops and low-return household sidelines. In post-revolutionary China, it typically meant greatly intensified crop production. Stagnant or declining returns per workday were absorbed first by the family production unit and then by the collective. The true significance of the 1980's reforms, the author argues, lies in the diversion of labour from farming to rural industries and profitable sidelines and the first increases for centuries in productivity and income per workday. With these changes have come a measure of rural prosperity and the genuine possibility of transformative rural development. By reconstructing Ming-Qing agricultural history and drawing on twentieth-century ethnographic data and his own field investigations, the author brings his large themes down to the level of individual peasant households. 330 $aLike his acclaimed The Peasant Economy and Social Change in North China (1985), this study is noteworthy for both its empirical richness and its theoretical sweep, but it goes well beyond the earlier work in its inter-regional comparisons and its use of the pre- and post-1949 periods to illuminate each other. 531 $aTHE PEASANT FAMILY & RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE YANGZI DELTA, 1350-1988 531 $aPEASANT FAMILY AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT IN THE YANGZI DELTA, 1350-1988 606 $aRural development$zChina$zYangtze River Delta 606 $aRural families$zChina$zYangtze River Delta 607 $aYangtze River Delta (China)$xEconomic conditions 615 0$aRural development 615 0$aRural families 676 $a307.1/412/09512 700 $aHuang$b Philip C.$f1940-$0621615 801 0$bDLC 801 1$bDLC 801 2$bHLS 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996248157803316 996 $aThe peasant family and rural development in the Yangzi Delta, 1350-1988$92315267 997 $aUNISA 999 $aThis Record contains information from the Harvard Library Bibliographic Dataset, which is provided by the Harvard Library under its Bibliographic Dataset Use Terms and includes data made available by, among others the Library of Congress