LEADER 06353nam 2200733 450 001 996213874203316 005 20230422051008.0 010 $a1-118-78777-3 010 $a1-118-78761-7 010 $a1-118-78795-1 035 $a(CKB)2550000001117276 035 $a(EBL)1392389 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001045257 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11992758 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001045257 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11111994 035 $a(PQKB)10601299 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1392389 035 $a(OCoLC)859334459 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001117276 100 $a20011017h19991999 uy| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aProceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems--Water Reactors $e[Newport Beach, California, August 1-5, 1999] /$fsponsored by the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, American Nuclear Society, National Association of Corrosion Engineers International ; edited by Steve Bruemmer, Peter Ford, Gary Was 210 1$aWarrendale, Pennsylvania :$cMinerals, Metals & Materials Society,$d[1999] 210 4$dİ1999 215 $a1 online resource (1252 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-87339-475-5 311 $a1-299-86463-5 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Title Page; Copyright Page; FOREWORD; TABLE OF CONTENTS; PWR Primary-1: Mechanisms; An Overview of Internal Oxidation as a Possible Explanation of Intergranular Stress Corrosion Cracking of Alloy 600 in PWRs; Methodology to Understand the Mechanisms of PWSCC; Hydrogen Effects on PWR SCC Mechanisms in Monocrystalline and Polycrystalline Alloy 600; Insights into Environmental Degradation Mechanisms from Analytical Transmission Electron Microscopy of SCC Cracks; Measurement of the Fundamental Parameters for the Film-Rupture/Oxidation Mechanism-The Effect of Chromium 327 $aComparison of Hydrogen Effects on Alloy 600 and 690Comments on a Proposed Mechanism of Internal Oxidation for Alloy 600 as Applied to Low Potential SCC; Internal Oxidation and Embrittlement of Alloy 600; PWR Primary-2: Chemistry and Failure Analysis; The Effect of Primary Coolant Zinc Additions on the SCC Behaviour of Alloy 600 and 690; PWSCC of Alloy 600: A Parametric Study of Surface Film Effects; Modelling of Stress Corrosion Crack Initiation on Alloy 600 in Primary Water of PWRs; Effect of Water Chemistry on Environmentally Assisted Cracking in Alloy in Simulated PWR Environments 327 $aUnique Primary Side Initiated Degradation in the Vicinity of the Upper Roll Transition in Once Through Steam Generators from Oconee Unit 1PWR Primary-3: Hydrogen Effects & Microstructure; On the Possibility of Forming Ordered Ni2Cr in Alloy 690; Hydrogen Embrittlement of PH 13-08 Mo Stainless Steel in PWR Environment Effect of Microstructure; The Effect of Special Grain Boundaries on IGSCC of Ni-16Cr-9Fe-xC; Fracture Behavior of Nickel-Based Alloys in Water; Hydrogen-Assisted Failure of Alloys X-750 and 625 under Slow Strain-Rate Conditions 327 $aAn Experimental Study of the Hydrogen Embrittlement of Alloy 718 in PWR Primary WaterA Study of Corrosion Mechanisms and Kinetics of Alloy 718 in PWR Primary Water; Stress Corrosion Crack Propagation Rate of Alloy 600 in the Primary Water of PWR: Influence of a Cold Worked Layer; PWR Primary-4: Crack Growth & Creep; Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Rate Measurements in Alloys 600 and 182 in Primary Water Loops Under Constant Load; Initial Results on the Stress Corrosion Cracking Monitoring of Alloy 600 in High Temperature Water Using Acoustic Emission 327 $aStress Corrosion Crack Propagation Rates in Reactor Vessel Head Penetrations in Alloy 600Stress Corrosion Life Assessment of Alloy 600 PWR Components; Influence of Chromium Content and Microstructure on Creep and PWSCC Resistance of Nickel Base Alloys; A Simplified Model for SCC Initiation Susceptibility in Alloy 600, with the Influence of Cold Work Layer and Strength Characteristics; Creep of Nickel Base Alloys in High Temperature Water; An Investigation of Alloy 182 Stress Corrosion Cracking in Simulated PWR Environment; BWR-1: Cracking Response 327 $aCharacteristics of Crack Propagation Through SCC under BWR Conditions in Stainless Steels Stabilized with Titanium or Niobium 330 $aThis collection presents an exchange of ideas among scientists and engineers about the economic and safety concerns surrounding environmentally induced materials problems which lead to nuclear power plant outages. Scientists and engineers concerned with the environmental degradation processes (corrosion, mechanical, and radiation effects) present their latest results on such topics as life extension/relicensing and materials problems associated with spent fuel storage and radioactive waste disposal. This collection will be of interest to utility engineers, reactor vendor engineers, plant archi 517 3 $aEnvironmental degradation of materials in nuclear power systems--water reactors 606 $aNuclear power plants$xCorrosion$vCongresses 606 $aWater cooled reactors$xCorrosion$vCongresses 606 $aNuclear power plants$xMaterials$xEffect of radiation on$vCongresses 615 0$aNuclear power plants$xCorrosion 615 0$aWater cooled reactors$xCorrosion 615 0$aNuclear power plants$xMaterials$xEffect of radiation on 676 $a621.48 676 $a621.4834 701 $aBruemmer$b S. M$01252569 701 $aFord$b F. P$g(F. Peter)$01252570 701 $aWas$b Gary S$g(Gary Steven),$f1953-$01252571 712 02$aAmerican Nuclear Society. 712 02$aMinerals, Metals and Materials Society. 712 02$aNational Association of Corrosion Engineers. 712 12$aInternational Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems--Water Reactors 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996213874203316 996 $aProceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Environmental Degradation of Materials in Nuclear Power Systems--Water Reactors$92903827 997 $aUNISA LEADER 08112nam 2201573 a 450 001 9910781692503321 005 20230725050924.0 010 $a1-283-15248-7 010 $a9786613152480 010 $a1-4008-3893-2 024 7 $a10.1515/9781400838936 035 $a(CKB)2550000000041954 035 $a(EBL)726051 035 $a(OCoLC)751673771 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000520677 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11340931 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000520677 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10514930 035 $a(PQKB)10986113 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC726051 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0000514993 035 $a(OCoLC)744592680 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse36959 035 $a(DE-B1597)446657 035 $a(OCoLC)979881745 035 $a(DE-B1597)9781400838936 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL726051 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10480672 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL315248 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000000041954 100 $a20110323d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurun#---|uu|u 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aAdaptive diversification$b[electronic resource] /$fMichael Doebeli 205 $aCourse Book 210 $aPrinceton, N.J. $cPrinceton University Press$d2011 215 $a1 online resource (346 p.) 225 1 $aMonographs in population biology ;$v48 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 0 $a0-691-12893-6 311 0 $a0-691-12894-4 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tAcknowledgments --$tCHAPTER ONE. Introduction --$tCHAPTER TWO. Evolutionary Branching in a Classical Model for Sympatric Speciation --$tCHAPTER THREE. Adaptive Diversification Due to Resource Competition in Asexual Models --$tCHAPTER FOUR. Adaptive Diversification Due to Resource Competition in Sexual Models --$tCHAPTER FIVE. Adaptive Diversification Due to Predator-Prey Interactions --$tCHAPTER SIX. Adaptive Diversification Due to Cooperative Interactions --$tCHAPTER SEVEN. More Examples: Adaptive Diversification in Dispersal Rates, the Evolution of Anisogamy, and the Evolution of Trophic Preference --$tCHAPTER EIGHT. Cultural Evolution: Adaptive Diversification in Language and Religion --$tCHAPTER NINE. Adaptive Diversification and Speciation as Pattern Formation in Partial Differential Equation Models --$tCHAPTER TEN. Experimental Evolution of Adaptive Diversification in Microbes --$tAPPENDIX. Basic Concepts in Adaptive Dynamics --$tBibliography --$tIndex 330 $a"Understanding the mechanisms driving biological diversity remains a central problem in ecology and evolutionary biology. Traditional explanations assume that differences in selection pressures lead to different adaptations in geographically separated locations. This book takes a different approach and explores adaptive diversification--diversification rooted in ecological interactions and frequency-dependent selection. In any ecosystem, birth and death rates of individuals are affected by interactions with other individuals. What is an advantageous phenotype therefore depends on the phenotype of other individuals, and it may often be best to be ecologically different from the majority phenotype. Such rare-type advantage is a hallmark of frequency-dependent selection and opens the scope for processes of diversification that require ecological contact rather than geographical isolation. Michael Doebeli investigates adaptive diversification using the mathematical framework of adaptive dynamics. Evolutionary branching is a paradigmatic feature of adaptive dynamics that serves as a basic metaphor for adaptive diversification, and Doebeli explores the scope of evolutionary branching in many different ecological scenarios, including models of coevolution, cooperation, and cultural evolution. He also uses alternative modeling approaches. Stochastic, individual-based models are particularly useful for studying adaptive speciation in sexual populations, and partial differential equation models confirm the pervasiveness of adaptive diversification. Showing that frequency-dependent interactions are an important driver of biological diversity, Adaptive Diversification provides a comprehensive theoretical treatment of adaptive diversification"--$cProvided by publisher. 330 $a"Adaptive biological diversification occurs when frequency-dependent selection generates advantages for rare phenotypes and induces a split of an ancestral lineage into multiple descendant lineages. Using adaptive dynamics theory, individual-based simulations, and partial differential equation models, this book illustrates that adaptive diversification due to frequency-dependent ecological interaction is a theoretically ubiquitous phenomenon"--$cProvided by publisher. 410 0$aMonographs in population biology ;$v48. 606 $aAdaptation (Biology)$xMathematical models 606 $aBiodiversity$xMathematical models 606 $aEvolution (Biology)$xMathematical models 610 $aLotka?olterra models. 610 $aMaynard Smith model. 610 $aRichard Lenski. 610 $aadaptive diversification. 610 $aadaptive dynamics theory. 610 $aadaptive dynamics. 610 $aadaptive speciation. 610 $aanisogamy. 610 $aasexual speciation. 610 $aassortative mating. 610 $abiological diversity. 610 $aclonal models. 610 $acoevolution. 610 $acoevolutionary dynamics. 610 $aconformist cultures. 610 $acooperative interactions. 610 $acrossfeeding. 610 $acultural evolution. 610 $adispersal rates. 610 $adisruptive selection. 610 $adiverging phenotypic clusters. 610 $adiversification. 610 $aecological character displacement. 610 $aecological dynamics. 610 $aecology. 610 $aecosystem. 610 $aevolutionary biology. 610 $aevolutionary branching. 610 $aevolutionary dynamics. 610 $aevolutionary processes. 610 $aevolutionary trajectory. 610 $aexperimental evolution. 610 $afrequency dependence. 610 $afrequency independence. 610 $afrequency-dependent competition. 610 $afrequency-dependent interactions. 610 $afrequency-dependent selection. 610 $agamete size. 610 $aindividual-based models. 610 $aintraspecific cooperation. 610 $alanguage memes. 610 $alanguage. 610 $amainstream culture. 610 $amathematical modeling. 610 $amating populations. 610 $amicrobes. 610 $amutualism. 610 $amutualistic interactions. 610 $aniche ecology. 610 $apartial differential equation models. 610 $apattern formation. 610 $aphenotype distributions. 610 $aphenotype. 610 $aphenotypic differentiation. 610 $aphenotypic divergence. 610 $apolymorphic populations. 610 $apolymorphism. 610 $apolymorphisms. 610 $apredation. 610 $apredator?rey interactions. 610 $aprezygotic reproductive isolation. 610 $areligion. 610 $areligious diversification. 610 $areproductive isolation. 610 $aresource competition. 610 $asexual populations. 610 $asexual reproduction. 610 $aspeciation model. 610 $atrophic preference. 615 0$aAdaptation (Biology)$xMathematical models. 615 0$aBiodiversity$xMathematical models. 615 0$aEvolution (Biology)$xMathematical models. 676 $a578.4 686 $aSCI088000$aSCI020000$aSCI027000$2bisacsh 700 $aDoebeli$b Michael$f1961-$01473112 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910781692503321 996 $aAdaptive diversification$93686178 997 $aUNINA