LEADER 05352nam 22006374a 450 001 996213209903316 005 20170815113047.0 010 $a1-280-74284-4 010 $a9786610742844 010 $a1-4051-2332-X 010 $a0-470-98830-4 010 $a1-4051-7248-7 035 $a(CKB)1000000000351730 035 $a(EBL)284309 035 $a(OCoLC)56751157 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000167635 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11155577 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000167635 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10177274 035 $a(PQKB)10852821 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC284309 035 $a(PPN)152343024 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000351730 100 $a20010613d2002 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aHandbook of green chemistry and technology$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by James Clark and Duncan Macquarrie 210 $aOxford [England] ;$aMalden, MA $cBlackwell Science$d2002 215 $a1 online resource (562 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-632-05715-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aHandbook of GREEN CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY; Contributors; Contents; Preface; 1: Introduction; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Chemistry-past, present and future; 1.2 The costs of waste; 1.3 The greening of chemistry; References; 2: Principles of Sustainable and Green Chemistry; 1 Introduction; 2 Green Chemistry and Industry; 3 Waste Minimisation and Atom Economy; 3.1 Atom economy; 3.2 Some inherently atom economic reactions; 3.3 Some inherently atom uneconomic reactions; 4 Reduction of Materials Use; 4.1 Catalytic solutions; 4.2 Question the need for protection 327 $a4.3 Reduction of non-renewable raw material use4.4 Process intensification; 5 Reduction of Energy Requirement; 5.1 Some energy efficiency improvements; 5.2 Alternative energy sources; 6 Reduction of Risk and Hazard; 6.1 Inherently safe design; 6.2 Alternative solvents; 7 Conclusions; References; 3: Chemistry and the Environment; 1 Introduction; 2 Chemistry of the Atmosphere; 2.1 Structure of the atmosphere; 2.2 Tropospheric pollution; 2.3 Stratospheric pollution; 2.4 Pollution of the built environment; 3 Chemistry of the Terrestrial Environment; 3.1 The Earth's crust 327 $a3.2 Pollution of the land3.3 Freshwaters; 3.4 Pollution of freshwater; 4 Chemistry of the Oceans; 4.1 Chemistry of the open ocean; 4.2 Chemistry of estuaries; 4.3 Pollution of the oceans; 5 Conclusion; References; Bibliography; 4: Green Chemistry and Sustainable Development; 1 The Concept of Sustainability; 2 Green Chemistry and Sustainability's Parameters; 2.1 Sustainable use of chemical feedstocks; 2.2 Sustainable use of water; 2.3 Sustainable use of energy; 2.4 Environmental resilience; 3 A Sustainability Scenario; References 327 $a5: Life-cycle Assessment: a Tool for Identification of More Sustainable Products and Processes1 Introduction; 2 The LCA Methodology; 2.1 Methodological framework; 3 The Applications of LCA; 3.1 Product-oriented LCA; 3.2 Process-oriented LCA; 4 Conclusions; 5 Appendix; 5.1 Definition of environmental impacts; References; 6: Industrial Processes using Solid Acid Catalysts; 1 Introduction; 2 Concepts in Acidity and Solid Acid Catalysts; 3 Industrial Applications of Solid Acid Catalysts; 3.1 Zeolite-based solid acid catalysts; 3.2 Heteropolyacid-based solid acid catalysts; 3.3 Sulfated zirconia 327 $a3.4 Ion-exchange resins3.5 Acidic and pillared clays; 4 Some Recent Developments in Catalytic Materials and Processes; 4.1 The 'Kvaerner Process' and esterification chemistry; 4.2 Nafion/silica nanocomposites; 4.3 Haldor-Topsoe alkylation process to high-octane fuels; 4.4 Mobil-Badger cumene process; 4.5 Isodewaxing process (Chevron); 5 Summary; Acknowledgements; References; 7: Micelle-templated Silicas as Catalysts in Green Chemistry; 1 Introduction; 2 Structured Mesoporous Materials; 2.1 Synthesis of micelle-templated materials; 2.2 Post-functionalisation of micelle-templated materials 327 $a2.3 Direct preparation of organically modified micelle-templated silicas 330 $aSustainable development is now accepted as a necessary goal for achieving societal, economic and environmental objectives. Within this chemistry has a vital role to play. The chemical industry is successful but traditionally success has come at a heavy cost to the environment. The challenge for chemists and others is to develop new products, processes and services that achieve societal, economic and environmental benefits. This requires an approach that reduces the materials and energy intensity of chemical processes and products; minimises the dispersion of harmful chemic 606 $aEnvironmental chemistry$xIndustrial applications 606 $aEnvironmental management 615 0$aEnvironmental chemistry$xIndustrial applications. 615 0$aEnvironmental management. 676 $a660 701 $aClark$b James H$0178032 701 $aMacquarrie$b Duncan J$0965288 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996213209903316 996 $aHandbook of green chemistry and technology$92190176 997 $aUNISA