LEADER 04906nam 2200601Ia 450 001 996205357603316 005 20230421044548.0 010 $a1-281-75877-9 010 $a9786611758776 010 $a3-527-61577-6 010 $a3-527-61576-8 035 $a(CKB)1000000000375886 035 $a(EBL)481894 035 $a(OCoLC)647788818 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000137611 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11148114 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000137611 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10088907 035 $a(PQKB)10810970 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC481894 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000375886 100 $a19950601d1994 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aDetermination of trace elements$b[electronic resource] /$fedited by Zeev B. Alfassi 210 $aRehovot, Israel $cBalaban Publishers ;$aWeinheim ;$aNew York $cVCH$dc1994 215 $a1 online resource (623 p.) 300 $aErrata sheet laid in. 311 $a3-527-28424-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aDetermination of Trace Elements; Contents; 1. Systematic errors in trace analysis; 1.1 Introduction; 1.1.1 General aspects of extreme trace analysis; 1.1.2 Direct instrumental determination methods; 1.1.3 Multi-stage procedures; 1.1.4 Further general important statements; 1.2 Systematic errors and their avoidance; 1.2.1 Volatilization; 1.2.2 Adsorption; 1.2.3 Blanks from vessels, vessel materials and working tools; 1.2.4 Blanks from the reagents; 1.2.5 Blanks from airborne dust; 1.2.6 Contamination by sample handling; 1.2.7 Problems due to changes of the valency state 327 $a1.3 Systematic errors during the analytical procedure1.3.1 Sampling, sample storage and Pretreatment; 1.3.2 Decomposition; 1.3.3 Separation; 1.4 Basic rules for the recognition and elimination of systematic errors; 1.5 Conclusion; 2. Limits of detection and accuracy in trace elements analysis; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Errors in analytical results; 2.3 Accuracy; 2.4 Measuring trace concentrations; 2.5 The problem of detection; 2.5.1 Random error of blank responses; 2.5.2 Errors of the first kind - the critical level (a posteriori detection) 327 $a2.5.3 Errors of the second kind - the limit of detection (a priori detection)2 5.4 Limits to the use of the definitions of Lc atid LD; 2 5.5 Regression theory approaches to the problem of detection; 2.6 Practical applications; 2.7 Reporting results at small concentrations; 2.8 Conclusions and recommendations; Sampling and sample preparation; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Changes in trace element composition; 3.2.1 Element specific changes; 3.2.2 Sample specific changes; 3.3 Pre-sampling considerations; 3.4 Aspects of sampling; 3.4.1 Establishment of analytical control 327 $a3.4.2 Sampling error in a test portion3.4.3 Uniformity of laboratory samples; 3.4.4 Uniformity of subsamples; 3.4.5 The gross sample; 3.5 Sample decomposition; 4. Separation and preconcentration of trace elements; 4.1 Separation and preconcentration of trace elements by coprecipitation; 4.1.1 Introduction; 4.1.2 Mechanism; 4.1.3 Coprecipitation with inorganic precipitants; 4.1.4 Coprecipitation with organic collectors; 4.2 Separation and preconcentration of trace elements by flotation; 4.2.1 Introduction; 4.2.2 Principle; 4.2.3 General procedures 327 $a4.3 Preconcentration and separation of trace elements by solvent extraction4.3.1 Introduction; 4.3.2 Extraction of trace elements; 4.4 Separation and preconcentration of trace elements by ion-exchange; 4.4.1 Introduction; 4.4.2 Ion-exchange resins; 4.4.3 Equilibrium and selectivity; 4.4.4 Practical column operation; 4.4.5 Preconcentration; 4.4.6 Ion chromatography; 4.5 Separation and preconcentration by sorption; 4.5.1 Introduction; 4.5.2 Activated carbon; 4.5.3 Porous polymers; 4.5.4 Complex-forming adsorbents; 4.5.5 Natural polymers 327 $a5. Determination of trace elements by atomic absorption spectrometry 330 $aThe best way to determine trace elements!This easy-to-use handbook guides the reader through the maze of all modern analytical operations.Each method is described by an expert in the field.The book highlights the advantages and disadvantages of individual techniques and enables pharmacologists,environmentalists, material scientists, and food industry to select a judicious procedure for their trace elementanalysis. 606 $aTrace elements$xAnalysis 606 $aTrace elements$xSpeciation 615 0$aTrace elements$xAnalysis. 615 0$aTrace elements$xSpeciation. 676 $a543 701 $aAlfassi$b Zeev B$0965293 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a996205357603316 996 $aDetermination of trace elements$92190180 997 $aUNISA