LEADER 01276nas 2200421-a 450 001 996205165703316 005 20230807225859.0 035 $a(OCoLC)253811111 035 $a(CKB)954927588270 035 $a(CONSER)--2008250527 035 $a(EXLCZ)99954927588270 100 $a20751101a19619999 --- - 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aActa veterinaria Scandinavica$iSupplementum 210 $aCopenhagen $c[publisher not identified] 300 $aPublished: [London] : BioMed Central <2001->. 311 $a0065-1699 531 $aACTA VETERINARIA SCANDINAVICA SUPPLEMENT 531 $aACTA VET SCAND SUPPL 531 10$aActa vet. scand. Suppl. 606 $aVeterinary medicine$vPeriodicals 606 $aVeterinary Medicine 606 $aVeterinary medicine$2fast$3(OCoLC)fst01165977 608 $aPeriodical 608 $aPeriodicals.$2fast 608 $aPeriodicals.$2lcgft 615 0$aVeterinary medicine 615 2$aVeterinary Medicine 615 7$aVeterinary medicine. 906 $aJOURNAL 912 $a996205165703316 996 $aActa veterinaria Scandinavica$91936713 997 $aUNISA 999 $aHealth Sciences LEADER 05336nam 2200637 450 001 9910786043403321 005 20230125183423.0 010 $a1-5231-1750-8 010 $a1-60807-512-5 035 $a(CKB)2670000000327380 035 $a(EBL)1115667 035 $a(OCoLC)827208673 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000873799 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12439482 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000873799 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10878056 035 $a(PQKB)10805751 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1115667 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10857820 035 $a(CaBNVSL)mat09100724 035 $a(IEEE)9100724 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1115667 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000327380 100 $a20200730d2012 uy 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aPower system state estimation /$fMukhtar Ahmad 210 1$aBoston :$cArtech House,$d[2013] 210 2$a[Piscataqay, New Jersey] :$cIEEE Xplore,$d[2012] 215 $a1 online resource (207 p.) 225 1 $aArtech House power engineering series 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-60807-511-7 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aPreface; 1Energy Management Systems; 1.1 Real-Time Control of a Power System; 1.2 Energy Control Center; 1.3 Security Analysis and Monitoring; 1.4 State Estimation; References; 2Power Flow Equations; 2.1 Power System Representation; 2.1.1 Transmission Lines; 2.1.2 Power Transformer; 2.2 Admittance Diagram; 2.3 Power Flow Analysis; 2.3.1 Gauss-Seidel Method; 2.3.2 Newton-Raphson Method; 2.4 Decoupled Power Flow; 2.5 Visual Tools for Power Flow Studies; 2.6 DC Power Flow; 2.7 Regulating Transformers; References; 3Weighted Least Square Estimation; 3.1 Introduction. 327 $a3.2 Properties of Weighted Least Square3.3 Maximum Likelihood Weighted Least Square State Estimation; 3.3.1 Likelihood Function; 3.4 Matrix Formulation and Measurement Measurement Model; 3.4.1 Measurement Model; 3.5 WLS State Estimation Algorithm; 3.5.1 State Estimation by Orthogonal Decomposition; 3.5.2 Equality Constrained State Estimation; 3.6 Decoupled State Estimation Method; 3.6.1 Algorithm Decoupling; 3.6.2 Model Decoupling; 3.7 DC State Estimator; References; 4Network Observability and Pseudomeasurem; 4.1 Network Graphs and Matrices; 4.2 Bus Admittance and Bus Impedance Matrices. 327 $a4.2.1 Loop to Branch Incidence Matrix4.3 Loop Equations; 4.4 Observability Analysis; 4.5 Branch Variable Formulation; 4.5.1 New Branch Variables; 4.5.2 Measurement Model Using Branch Variables; 4.5.3 Observability Analysis for Branch Variable Formulation; 4.6 Network Topology Processing; 4.7 Network Configuration; 4.7.1 Topological Observability; 4.7.2 Topological Observability Algorith; 4.8 Topology Error Processing; 4.9 Detection and Identification of Topology Errors; 4.9.1 Residual Analysis; References; 5Bad Data Detection; 5.1 Bad Data Detection in WLS Method; 5.1.1 Leverage Points. 327 $a5.2 Methods of Bad Data Detection5.2.1 Chi-Squares Test; 5.3 Identification of Bad Data; 5.3.1 Method of Normalized Residual; 5.3.2 Normalized Residuals; 5.3.3 Largest Normalized Residual Test; 5.4 Hypothesis Testing Identification; 5.5 Case Study: Improved Bad Data Processing with Strategic Placement of PMUs; References; Appendix 5A: Chi-Square Test; 6Robust State Estimation; 6.1 Basic Formulation; 6.2 Breakdown Points; 6.2.1 Leverage Points; 6.3 M-Estimators; 6.4 State Estimation Methods with Bad Data Rejection Properties; 6.4.1 Methods Using Nonquadratic Objective Functions. 327 $a6.5 Least Absolute Value State Estimator6.6 Simplex Method; 6.7 Interior Point Algorithm; 6.8 LMS Estimator; References; Appendix 6A: Linear Programming; 6A.1 Simplex Algorithm; 7 State Estimation Using Line Current Measurements; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Modeling State Equations; 7.3 State Estimation with Current Measurements; 7.3.1 Multiple Solutions; 7.4 Methods to Obtain a Unique Solution; 7.5 Determining the Uniqueness of a Solution Based on Numerical Methods; 7.6 Bad Data Detection in the Presence of Current Measurements; 7.6.1 WLS State Estimation; 7.6.2 WLAV Estimation. 330 $aState estimation is one of the most important functions in power system operation and control. This area is concerned with the overall monitoring, control, and contingency evaluation of power systems. It is mainly aimed at providing a reliable estimate of system voltages. State estimator information flows to control centers, where critical decisions are made concerning power system design and operations. This valuable resource provides thorough coverage of this area, helping professionals overcome challenges involving system quality, reliability, security, stability, and economy. Engineers are. 410 0$aArtech House power engineering series. 606 $aElectric power systems$xState estimation 615 0$aElectric power systems$xState estimation. 676 $a621.31 676 $a621.319/1 700 $aAhmad$b Mukhtar$f1948-$0969655 801 0$bCaBNVSL 801 1$bCaBNVSL 801 2$bCaBNVSL 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910786043403321 996 $aPower system state estimation$93695333 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05558nam 2200781 a 450 001 9910809778703321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9781283941235 010 $a1283941236 010 $a9781118278093 010 $a1118278097 010 $a9781118278116 010 $a1118278119 010 $a9781118278123 010 $a1118278127 035 $a(CKB)3400000000085552 035 $a(EBL)836591 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000682253 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11444991 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000682253 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10678881 035 $a(PQKB)10312905 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL836591 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10630495 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL425373 035 $a(CaSebORM)9781118278116 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC836591 035 $a(OCoLC)795808141 035 $a(OCoLC)844972130 035 $a(OCoLC)ocn844972130 035 $a(Perlego)1003211 035 $a(EXLCZ)993400000000085552 100 $a20111121d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurunu||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aDigital circuit boards $emach 1 GHz /$fRalph Morrison 205 $a1st edition 210 $aHoboken, N.J. $cJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.$dc2012 215 $a1 online resource (179 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9781118235324 311 08$a1118235320 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aDIGITAL CIRCUIT BOARDS; CONTENTS; Preface; 1 BASICS; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Why the Field Approach is Important; 1.3 The Role of Circuit Analysis; 1.4 Getting Started; 1.5 Voltage and the Electric Field; 1.6 Current; 1.7 Capacitance; 1.8 Mutual and Self-Capacitance; 1.9 E Fields Inside Conductors; 1.10 The D Field; 1.11 Energy Storage in a Capacitor; 1.12 The Energy Stored in an Electric Field; 1.13 The Magnetic Field; 1.14 Rise Time/Fall Time; 1.15 Moving Energy into Components; 1.16 Faraday's Law; 1.17 Self- and Mutual Inductance; 1.18 Poynting's Vector; 1.19 Fields at DC; Glossary 327 $a2 TRANSMISSION LINES 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Some Common Assumptions; 2.3 Transmission Line Types; 2.4 Characteristic Impedance; 2.5 Wave Velocity; 2.6 Step Waves on a Properly Terminated Line; 2.7 The Open Circuited Transmission Line; 2.8 The Short Circuited Transmission Line; 2.9 Waves that Transition between Lines with Different Characteristic Impedances; 2.10 Nonlinear Terminations; 2.11 Discharging a Charged Open Transmission Line; 2.12 Ground/Power Planes; 2.13 The Ground and Power Planes as a Tapered Transmission Line; 2.14 Pulling Energy from a Tapered Transmission Line (TTL) 327 $a2.15 The Energy Flow Through Cascaded (Series) Transmission Lines 2.16 An Analysis of Cascaded Transmission Lines; 2.17 Series (Source) Terminating a Transmission Line; 2.18 Parallel (Shunt) Terminations; 2.19 Stubs; 2.20 Decoupling Capacitor as a Stub; 2.21 Transmission Line Networks; 2.22 The Network Program; 2.23 Measuring Characteristic Impedance; Glossary; 3 RADIATION AND INTERFERENCE COUPLING; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 The Nature of Fields in Logic Structures; 3.3 Classical Radiation; 3.4 Radiation from Step Function Waves; 3.5 Common Mode and Normal Mode 327 $a3.6 The Radiation Pattern along a Transmission Line 3.7 Notes on Radiation; 3.8 The Cross Coupling Process (Cross Talk); 3.9 Magnetic Component of Cross Coupling; 3.10 Capacitive Component of Cross Coupling; 3.11 Cross Coupling Continued; 3.12 Cross Coupling between Parallel Transmission Lines of Equal Length; 3.13 Radiation from Board Edges; 3.14 Ground Bounce; 3.15 Susceptibility; Glossary; 4 ENERGY MANAGEMENT; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 The Power Time Constant; 4.3 Capacitors; 4.4 The Four-Terminal Capacitor or DTL; 4.5 Types of DTLs; 4.6 Circuit Board Resonances; 4.7 Decoupling Capacitors 327 $a4.8 The Board Decoupling Problem 4.9 The IC Decoupling Problem; 4.10 Comments on Energy Management; 4.11 Skin Effect; 4.12 Dielectric Losses; 4.13 Split Ground/Power Planes; 4.14 The Analog/digital Interface Problem; 4.15 Power Dissipation; 4.16 Traces through Conducting Planes; 4.17 Trace Geometries that Reduce Termination Resistor Counts; 4.18 The Control of Connecting Spaces; 4.19 Another way to look at Energy Flow in Transmission Lines; Glossary; 5 SIGNAL INTEGRITY ENGINEERING; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 The Envelope of Permitted Logic Levels; 5.3 Net Lists; 5.4 Noise Budgets 327 $a5.5 Logic Level Variation 330 $aA unique, practical approach to the design of high-speed digital circuit boards The demand for ever-faster digital circuit designs is beginning to render the circuit theory used by engineers ineffective. Digital Circuit Boards presents an alternative to the circuit theory approach, emphasizing energy flow rather than just signal interconnection to explain logic circuit behavior. The book shows how treating design in terms of transmission lines will ensure that the logic will function, addressing both storage and movement of electrical energy on these lines. 606 $aDigital electronics 606 $aLogic design 606 $aIntegrated circuits 615 0$aDigital electronics. 615 0$aLogic design. 615 0$aIntegrated circuits. 676 $a621.382 700 $aMorrison$b Ralph$025799 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910809778703321 996 $aDigital circuit boards$94071874 997 $aUNINA