LEADER 04242nam 2200649 450 001 9910220151403321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a0-8330-8244-2 010 $a0-8330-8242-6 035 $a(CKB)2670000000529317 035 $a(EBL)1640865 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001132215 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11663050 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001132215 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11147939 035 $a(PQKB)10062899 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1640865 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10841343 035 $a(OCoLC)869825458 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1640865 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000529317 100 $a20140313h20142014 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aFrom stalemate to settlement $elessons for Afghanistan from historical insurgencies that have been resolved through negotiation /$fColin P. Clarke and Christopher Paul 210 1$aSanta Monica, California :$cRAND,$d2014. 210 4$dİ2014 215 $a1 online resource (93 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a0-8330-8237-X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aCover; Title Page; Copyright; Preface; Contents; Figures and Tables; Summary; Acknowledgments; Abbreviations; From Stalemate to Settlement: Lessons for Afghanistan from Historical Insurgencies That Have Been Resolved Through Negotiations; Introduction; How to Reach a Negotiated Settlement in Counterinsurgency Warfare; The Notion of a Master Narrative; Methods: Getting to a Master Narrative; Previous RAND Research: Paths to Victory; Developing the Master Narrative; The Master Narrative; Step 1: Military Stalemate and War-Weariness 327 $aStep 2: Acceptance of Insurgents as Legitimate Negotiating Partners or Non-AdversariesStep 3: Brokered Cease-Fires (Not Always Respected); Step 4: Official Intermediate Agreements; Step 5: Power-Sharing Offers; Step 6: Moderation of Insurgent Leadership; Step 7: Third-Party Guarantors; Sequences in the Individual Cases; Extended Example: Northern Ireland, 1969-1999; Step 1: Military Stalemate and War-Weariness; Step 2: Acceptance of Insurgents as Legitimate Negotiating Partners; Step 3: Brokered Cease-Fires (Not Always Respected); Step 4: Official Intermediate Agreements 327 $aStep 5: Power-Sharing OffersStep 6: Moderation of Insurgent Leadership; Step 7: Third-Party Guarantor; Twelve Additional Cases of Historical Insurgency Settled Through Negotiation; Yemen, 1962-1970; Philippines (MNLF), 1971-1996; Lebanese Civil War, 1975-1990; Western Sahara, 1975-1991; Mozambique (RENAMO), 1976-1995; Indonesia (Aceh), 1976-2005; Kampuchea, 1978-1992; Bosnia, 1992-1995; Tajikistan, 1992-1997; Burundi, 1993-2003; Chechnya I, 1994-1996; Democratic Republic of the Congo (Anti-Kabila), 1998-2003; Following the Master Narrative Toward an End Game in Afghanistan 327 $aStep 2: Acceptance of Insurgents as Legitimate Negotiating PartnersStep 3: Brokered Cease-Fires; Step 4: Official Intermediate Agreements; Step 5: Power-Sharing Offers; Step 6: Moderation in Leadership; Step 7: Third-Party Guarantors; Conclusion; References 330 $aA comprehensive review of historical insurgencies that ended in settlement after a military stalemate shows that these negotiations followed a similar path that can be generalized into a "master narrative" of seven steps executed in a common sequence. Such a narrative could help guide and assess the progress of a similar approach to resolving the conflict in Afghanistan as U.S. forces prepare to withdraw. 606 $aMediation, International 606 $aPeace-building 606 $aInsurgency$zAfghanistan 606 $aInsurgency$xHistory 615 0$aMediation, International. 615 0$aPeace-building. 615 0$aInsurgency 615 0$aInsurgency$xHistory. 676 $a341.5/2 700 $aClarke$b Colin P$0308837 701 $aPaul$b Christopher$f1971-$0904747 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910220151403321 996 $aFrom stalemate to settlement$92047538 997 $aUNINA LEADER 01069nam0 22002651i 450 001 UON00496115 005 20231205105353.788 100 $a20190628d1965 |0itac50 ba 101 $aeng 102 $aUS 105 $a|||| ||||| 200 1 $aCommunication in crisis$fWilbur Schramm 205 $aStanford : University press$b1965 210 $a25 p.$a22 cm 215 $aReprint from The Kennedy assassination and the american public$csocial communication in crisis / Badley S. Greenberg, Edwin B. Parker editors 606 $aComunicazione$3UONC019184$2FI 620 $aUS$dStanford (CA)$3UONL000066 700 1$aSchramm$bWilbur$3UONV084437$0128511 712 $aStanford University Press$3UONV246208$4650 801 $aIT$bSOL$c20250523$gRICA 899 $aSIBA - SISTEMA BIBLIOTECARIO DI ATENEO$2UONSI 912 $aUON00496115 950 $aSIBA - SISTEMA BIBLIOTECARIO DI ATENEO$dSI A D 0532 $eSI SPS7226 5 0532 $sBuono 996 $aCommunication in crisis$91557752 997 $aUNIOR