LEADER 00730nac# 22001811i 450 001 UON00492088 005 20231205105336.569 100 $a20190201f |0itac50 ba 102 $aCH 105 $a|||| ||||| 110 $ab|||||||||| 200 1 $aTesti per la storia della cultura della Svizzera italiana 210 $a[Bellinzona]$cEdizioni dello Stato del Canton Ticino. 463 1$1001UON00492084$12001 $aScritti linguistici$fCarlo Salvioni$ga cura di Michele Loporcaro ... [et al.] -$bBellinzona]$eEdizioni dello Stato del Canton Ticino, 2008$1210 $a5 v.$a24 cm.$v4 801 $aIT$bSOL$c20240220$gRICA 912 $aUON00492088 996 $aTesti per la storia della cultura della Svizzera italiana$93892595 997 $aUNIOR LEADER 00806nam a2200253 i 4500 001 991004381937807536 005 20250516121849.0 008 250516s it er 001 0 ita d 020 $a8818910051 040 $aBibl. Dip.le Aggr. Studi Umanistici - Sez. Filosofia$bita$cSocioculturale Scs 041 1 $aita$heng 082 04$a709.01$223 100 1 $aMiller, Mary Ellen$0779975 240 10$aThe art of Mesoamerica$94100296 245 10$aL'arte della Mesoamerica :$bOlmechi, Maya, Aztechi /$cMary Ellen Miller 260 $aMilano :$bRusconi,$c1988 300 $a239 p. :$bill. ;$c21 cm 490 1 $aRusconi arte 650 4$aArte precolombiana 700 1 $aSchmid, Denise 830 0$aRusconi arte 912 $a991004381937807536 996 $aThe art of Mesoamerica$94100296 997 $aUNISALENTO LEADER 10482nam 2200793 a 450 001 9910970314603321 005 20251017110105.0 010 $a9786610186525 010 $a9780309183994 010 $a0309183995 010 $a9781280186523 010 $a1280186526 010 $a9780309580700 010 $a0309580706 010 $a9780585150024 010 $a0585150028 035 $a(CKB)110986584752476 035 $a(OCoLC)43477181 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10056954 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000150832 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11153892 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000150832 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10317916 035 $a(PQKB)11025736 035 $a(OCoLC)647367494 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376678 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10056954 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL18652 035 $a(OCoLC)814269239 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376678 035 $a(Perlego)4739236 035 $a(DNLM)892847 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584752476 100 $a20120315d1999 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aEvaluation of guidelines for exposures to technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials /$fCommittee on Evaluation of EPA Guidelines for Exposure to Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials Board on Radiation Effects Research Commission on Life Sciences National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, DC $cNational Academy Press$d1999 215 $a1 online resource (293 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a9780309062978 311 08$a0309062977 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aEvaluation of Guidelines for Exposures to Technologically Enhanced Naturally Occurring Radioactive... -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- Executive Summary -- INTRODUCTION -- PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF STUDY -- RESPONSES TO COMMITTEE CHARGE -- Technical Basis for Differences in Guidelines for TENORM -- Relative Merits of Different Scientific and Technical Assumptions -- Development of Contemporary Risk Analysis for NORM -- OTHER CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Policy Judgments for Risk Management -- Consistency of Radiation Guidelines -- Importance of Natural Background for Guidelines for TENORM -- Importance of Knowledge of Sources of TENORM -- Differences in Approaches to Radiation Risk Assessment -- Use of Linear, No-threshold Dose-Response Hypothesis -- Directions for Further Research on TENORM -- 1 Introduction -- DEFINITION AND SCOPE OF STUDY -- THE RADIOACTIVE MATERIALS OF CONCERN -- APPROACH TO THE STUDY -- Evaluation of Guidelines for Indoor Radon -- Evaluation of Guidelines for TENORM Other Than Indoor Radon -- Other Considerations -- STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT -- 2 Natural Radioactivity and Radiation -- NATURALLY OCCURRING RADIONUCLIDES -- Uranium -- Radium-226 -- Thorium -- Radium-228 -- Radon -- Lead-210 and Polonium-210 -- Potassium-40 -- Rubidium-87 -- Induced Radionuclides -- NATURAL SOURCES OF EXTERNAL IONIZING RADIATION -- Terrestrial Sources of External Radiation -- Cosmic Radiation -- SUMMARY OF HUMAN EXPOSURES TO NATURAL IONIZING RADIATION -- CONCLUSIONS -- 3 Major Sources of Technologically Enhanced Naturally-Occurring Radioactive Materials -- URANIUM MINING -- PHOSPHATE-FERTILIZER AND ELEMENTAL-PHOSPHORUS PRODUCTION -- RESIDUES OF COAL COMBUSTION -- OIL AND NATURAL-GAS PRODUCTION AND PROCESSING -- MUNICIPAL WATER TREATMENT -- METAL MINING AND PROCESSING -- GEOTHERMAL ENERGY PRODUCTION -- OTHER INDUSTRIES. 327 $aMINIMIZATION OF TENORM -- NONRADIOLOGIC IMPACTS -- CONCLUSIONS -- 4 Role of Exposure and Dose or Risk Assessments in Developing Radiation Standards -- RISK ASSESSMENT OF CARCINOGENS -- Hazard Identification -- Estimation of Dose-Response Relationship -- Exposure Assessment -- Risk Characterization -- ELEMENTS OF RADIATION RISK ASSESSMENT -- USE OF DOSE OR RISK ASSESSMENT IN DEVELOPING RADIATION STANDARDS -- SUITABLE APPROACHES TO RISK ASSESSMENT IN DEVELOPING STANDARDS -- 5 Basic Approaches to Regulating Radiation Exposures of the Public -- JUDGMENTS ABOUT ACCEPTABILITY OF HEALTH RISKS -- JUDGMENTS ABOUT ACCEPTABILITY OF HEALTH RISKS -- OTHER CONSIDERATIONS IN DEVELOPING STANDARDS -- Justification of Practices -- Measurability of Radioactivity In the Environment -- Natural Background Radiation -- SUMMARY -- 6 Organizations Concerned with Radiation Protection of the Public -- INTRODUCTION -- ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY -- Federal Guidance On Radiation Protection of the Public -- Environmental Radiation Standards Developed Under Atomic Energy Act -- Environmental Radiation Standards Developed Under Other Laws -- Guidance and Regulations for Indoor Radon -- NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION -- DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY -- STATE GOVERNMENTS -- NATIONAL COUNCIL ON RADIATION PROTECTION AND MEASUREMENTS -- HEALTH PHYSICS SOCIETY -- INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION -- INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY -- COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES -- 7 Environmental Protection Agency Guidances and Regulations for Naturally Occurring Radionuclides -- GUIDANCE ON RADIATION PROTECTION OF THE PUBLIC -- GUIDANCE AND REGULATIONS FOR SPECIFIC SOURCES OR PRACTICES -- Standards for Operations of Uranium Fuel Cycle -- Standards for Radioactivity in Drinking Water -- Standards for Radioactivity in Liquid Discharges. 327 $aStandards for Uranium and Thorium Mill Tailings -- Standards for Management and Disposal of Radioactive Waste -- Standards for Cleanup of Radioactively Contaminated Sites -- Standards for Airborne Emissions of Radionuclides -- Guidance on Radon in Homes -- Applicability of EPA Guidances and Regulations to TENORM -- Other EPA Initiatives for TENORM -- Other Alternatives for EPA Regulation of TENORM -- Risks Corresponding to EPA Guidances and Regulations -- CONSISTENCY OF DIFFERENT GUIDANCES AND REGULATIONS -- Differences in Statutory and Judicial Mandates -- Differences in Primary Bases of Standards -- Differences in Applicability of Standards -- Differences in Population Groups of Primary Concern -- Differences in Considerations of Natural Background -- Other Considerations in Comparing Standards -- Summary of Issues of Consistency of Standards -- RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN STANDARDS AND DOSES EXPERIENCED -- SUMMARY -- 8 Indoor-Radon Guidelines and Recommendations -- RADON MEASUREMENT UNITS -- PATHWAYS OF HUMAN EXPOSURE -- HEALTH EFFECTS AND RISK EVALUATION OF RADON EXPOSURE -- OVERVIEW OF RADON GUIDELINES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DWELLINGS -- National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP) -- US Environmental Protection Agency -- International Commission on Radiological Protection -- International Atomic Energy Agency -- Commission of the European Communities -- Other -- RADON ACTION LEVELS FOR WORKPLACES -- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS -- 9 Other Guidances for TENORM -- NATIONAL COUNCIL ON RADIATION PROTECTION AND MEASUREMENTS -- INTERNATIONAL COMMISSION ON RADIOLOGICAL PROTECTION -- HEALTH PHYSICS SOCIETY -- HPS Recommendations on Radiation Dose Limits for the General Public -- HPS Recommendations on Radiation Standards for Site Cleanup and Restoration -- NUCLEAR REGULATORY COMMISSION -- Regulations for Decommissioning of Licensed Facilities. 327 $aGuidance on Disposal of Residual Thorium or Uranium -- DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY -- Management and Disposal of Small Volumes of TENORM -- Management and Disposal of Larger Volumes of TENORM -- STATE STANDARDS AND GUIDELINES -- INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY -- COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES AND OTHER NATIONS -- TRANSFERABILITY OF STANDARDS -- 10 Comparison of Current Guidances for TENORM in the Environment -- INTRODUCTION -- INDOOR RADON -- TENORM OTHER THAN INDOOR RADON -- Guidances on Radiation Protection of the Public Applicable to TENORM -- Guidances for Specific Sources or Practices Involving TENORM -- Bases For Differences in Guidances -- SUMMARY -- 11 Issues in Developing Guidances for TENORM -- SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL BASES FOR GUIDANCES -- DIFFERENCES IN TECHNICAL APPROACHES TO RISK ASSESSMENT -- Differences Between Environmental Protection Agency and Nuclear Regulatory Commission Approaches to... -- Comments On Differences Between Environmental Protection Agency and Nuclear Regulatory Commission... -- Importance of Approaches to Risk Assessment for Guidances for TENORM -- Other Issues in Risk Assessment and Guidance Development -- POLICY-BASED DIFFERENCES IN GUIDANCES FOR TENORM -- Limit on Acceptable Dose -- Application of the Environmental Protection Agency's Groundwater-Protection Strategy to TENORM -- Differences Between Nuclear Regulatory Commission and Environmental Protection Agency Approaches to... -- Differences in Guidances for Indoor Radon -- Difference Between Environmental Protection Agency and National Council on Radiation Protection and... -- Treatment of Natural Background in Establishing Guidances -- IMPLICATIONS OF GUIDANCES FOR RISK ASSESSMENT -- 12 Conclusions and Recommendations -- CENTRAL CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE COMMITTEE -- CONTEXT FOR REGULATION OF TENORM. 327 $aRISK ASSESSMENT ISSUES UNDERLYING TENORM REGULATION -- RISK-MANAGEMENT ISSUES UNDERLYING TENORM GUIDELINES -- COMPARABILITY OF GUIDANCES AND REGULATIONS POTENTIALLY RELATED TO TENORM -- ISSUES RELATED TO BACKGROUND RADIATION -- REFERENCES -- Appendix -- RADIATION QUANTITIES AND UNITS DEFINITIONS ACRONYMS -- DEFINITIONS -- LIST OF ACRONYMS -- Information on Committee Members. 606 $aRadiation$xHealth aspects 606 $aLow-level radiation$xHealth aspects 606 $aRadiation, Background$xHealth aspects 606 $aRadioactive pollution$xHealth aspects 615 0$aRadiation$xHealth aspects. 615 0$aLow-level radiation$xHealth aspects. 615 0$aRadiation, Background$xHealth aspects. 615 0$aRadioactive pollution$xHealth aspects. 676 $a612/.01448 712 02$aNational Research Council (U.S.).$bCommittee on Evaluation of EPA Guidelines for Exposure to Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910970314603321 996 $aEvaluation of guidelines for exposures to technologically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive materials$94351460 997 $aUNINA