LEADER 05991nam 2200781Ia 450 001 9911093051403321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1433701324 010 $a9781433701320 010 $a0520933206 010 $a9780520933200 010 $a1281752460 010 $a9781281752468 010 $a9786611752460 024 7 $a10.1525/9780520933200 035 $a(CKB)1000000000354346 035 $a(EBL)283654 035 $a(OCoLC)173484998 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000270495 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11206363 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000270495 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10262044 035 $a(PQKB)10201224 035 $a(StDuBDS)EDZ0000055763 035 $a(OCoLC)86114697 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse30529 035 $a(DE-B1597)519223 035 $a(OCoLC)815686911 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780520933200 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL283654 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10158193 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL175246 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC283654 035 $a(DE-B1597)647697 035 $a(DE-B1597)9780520934191 035 $a(Perlego)551487 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000354346 100 $a20060621d2006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurun#---|u||u 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aWhales, whaling, and ocean ecosystems /$fedited by James A. Estes ... [et al.] 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aBerkeley, Calif. ;$aLondon $cUniversity of California Press$d2006 215 $a1 online resource (xvi, 402 pages) $cillustrations, maps 225 0 $aCalifornia World History Library 311 08$a0520248848 311 08$a9780520248847 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tFront matter --$tContents --$tList Of Contributors --$tList Of Tables --$tList Of Figures --$tPreface --$t1. Introduction --$t2. Whales, Interaction Webs, And Zero-Sum Ecology --$t3. Lessons From Land Present And Past Signs Of Ecological Decay And The Overture To Earth's Sixth Mass Extinction --$t4. When Ecological Pyramids Were Upside Down --$t5. Pelagic Ecosystem Response To A Century Of Commercial Fishing And Whaling --$t6 Evidence For Bottom-Up Control Of Upper-Trophic-Level Marine Populations Is It Scale-Dependent? --$t7. Evolutionary Patterns In Cetacea Fishing Up Prey Size Through Deep Time --$t8. A Taxonomy Of World Whaling Operations And Eras --$t9. The History Of Whales Read From DNA --$t10. Changes In Marine Mammal Biomass In The Bering Sea/ Aleutian Islands Region Before And After The Period Of Commercial Whaling --$t11. Industrial Whaling In The North Pacific Ocean 1952-1978 Spatial Patterns Of Harvest And Decline --$t12. Worldwide Distribution And Abundance Of Killer Whales --$t13. The Natural History And Ecology Of Killer Whales --$t14. Killer Whales As Predators Of Large Baleen Whales And Sperm Whales --$t15. Physiological And Ecological Consequences Of Extreme Body Size In Whales --$t16. Ecosystem Impact Of The Decline Of Large Whales In The North Pacific --$t17. The Removal Of Large Whales From The Southern Ocean Evidence For Long-Term Ecosystem Effects? --$t18. Great Whales As Prey Using Demography And Bioenergetics To Infer Interactions In Marine Mammal Communities --$t19. Whales And Whaling In The North Pacific Ocean And Bering Sea Oceanographic Insights And Ecosystem Impacts --$t20. Legacy Of Industrial Whaling Could Killer Whales Be Responsible For Declines Of Sea Lions, Elephant Seals, And Minke Whales In The Southern Hemisphere? --$t21. Predator Diet Breadth And Prey Population Dynamics Mechanism And Modeling --$t22. Bigger Is Better The Role Of Whales As Detritus In Marine Ecosystems --$t23 Gray Whales In The Bering And Chukchi Seas --$t24. Whales, Whaling, And Ecosystems In The North Atlantic Ocean --$t25. Sperm Whales In Ocean Ecosystems --$t26. Ecosystem Effects Of Fishing And Whaling In The North Pacific And Atlantic Oceans --$t27. Potential Influences Of Whaling On The Status And Trends Of Pinniped Populations --$t28. The Dynamic Between Social Systems And Ocean Ecosystems Are There Lessons From Commercial Whaling? --$t29. Whaling, Law, And Culture --$t30. Whales Are Big And It Matters --$t31. Retrospection And Review --$tIndex 330 $aThis unprecedented volume presents a sweeping picture of what we know about the natural history, biology, and ecology of whales in the broad context of the dynamics of ocean ecosystems. Innovative and comprehensive, the volume encompasses multiple points of view to consider the total ecological impact of industrial whaling on the world's oceans. Combining empirical research, ecological theory and modeling, and historical data, its chapters present perspectives from ecology, population biology, physiology, genetics, evolutionary history, ocean biogeography, economics, culture, and law, among other disciplines. Throughout, contributors investigate how whaling fundamentally disrupted ocean ecosystems, examine the various roles whales play in food webs, and discuss the continuing ecological chain reactions to the depletion of these large animals. In addition to reviewing what is known of the current and historic whale populations, Whales, Whaling, and Ocean Ecosystems considers how this knowledge will bear on scientific approaches to conservation and whaling in the future and provocatively asks whether it is possible to restore ocean ecosystems to their pre-whaling condition. 606 $aWhaling$xEnvironmental aspects 606 $aMarine ecology 606 $aWhales$xEcology 615 0$aWhaling$xEnvironmental aspects. 615 0$aMarine ecology. 615 0$aWhales$xEcology. 676 $a333.9595 701 $aEstes$b J. A$g(James A.),$f1945-$01926154 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911093051403321 996 $aWhales, whaling, and ocean ecosystems$94673878 997 $aUNINA LEADER 13540oam 2200745I 450 001 9911147860603321 005 20251116161854.0 010 $a0-7656-8238-9 010 $a1-84972-515-2 010 $a1-315-70466-8 010 $a1-317-47152-0 010 $a1-78402-826-6 010 $a9781315704661 024 7 $a10.4324/9781315704661 035 $a(CKB)2670000000608881 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC2011181 035 $a(CaBNVSL)gtp00560229 035 $a(Credo)sharpewt2013 035 $a(OCoLC)889717964 035 $a(Credo)9781784028268 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL2011181 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11042912 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL768069 035 $a(OCoLC)907610160 035 $a(OCoLC)958109098 035 $a(FlBoTFG)9781315704661 035 $a(OCoLC)909898003 035 $a(FINmELB)ELB141267 035 $a(UkBuK)261295 035 $a(EXLCZ)992670000000608881 100 $a20180706e20152005 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||| ||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 00$aEncyclopedia of world trade $efrom ancient times to the present /$fedited by Cynthia Clark Northrup 205 $a[Enhanced Credo edition] 210 1$cTaylor and Francis$d2015 215 $a1 online resource (1,307 pages) $cillustrations, maps 300 $aFirst published 2005 by M.E. Sharpe. 311 08$a0-7656-8058-0 311 08$a1-317-47153-9 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and indexes. 327 $aIntroduction: World Trade in History -- A-Z Entries -- A -- Abbasid Caliphate (750 / 1258) -- Advertising -- Aegean Sea -- Africa -- Agora -- Agriculture -- Aircraft -- Alexander the Great (356 / 323 B.C.E.) -- Alexandria -- Alphabet, Aramaic -- Alphabet, Cyrillic -- Alphabet, Greek -- Alphabet, Latin -- Alphabet, Phoenician -- Alsace and Lorraine -- Amazon River -- Amber -- Amber Routes -- American Federation of Labor / Congress of Industrial Organizations -- American Revolution -- Amsterdam -- Anglo-Dutch Wars -- Animals -- Appian Way -- Arabs -- Archaeology -- Argentina -- Arkwright, Richard (1732 / 1792) -- Armenians -- Art -- Association of Southeast Asian Nations -- Assyrian Empire -- Astrolabe -- Aswan High Dam -- Athens, Ancient -- Atlantic Trade -- Automobiles -- Aviation -- Aztecs -- B -- Babylonian Empire -- Balance of Trade -- Bantu Migrations -- Bardi House of Banking -- Baroque -- Barter -- Batavia (Jakarta) -- Bell, Alexander Graham (1847 / 1922) -- Berbers -- Berenice -- Bioterrorism -- Black Death -- Black Sea -- Bolshevism -- Bourgeoisie -- Boxer Rebellion -- Brazil -- Bribery -- British Commonwealth -- British East India Company -- British Empire -- British / South American Trade Relations -- Buddhism -- Bugis -- Byzantine Empire -- C -- Cacao -- Calicut -- Capitalism -- Caravans -- Caribbean -- Carnegie, Andrew (1835 / 1919) -- Carolingian Empire -- Cartels -- Cartography -- Castles -- Central Africa -- China -- Chinese Dynasties -- Chinese-Japanese Trade -- Chocolate -- Cholera -- Christianity -- Cities -- Climate -- Climate Change -- Clive, Robert (1725 / 1774) -- Coffee -- Coinage -- Cold War -- Colonization -- Columbian Exchange -- Columbus, Chrisopher (1451 / 1506) -- Combination Acts (1799, 1800) -- Comintern -- Communication -- Communism -- Comparative Advantage -- Compass -- Competition -- Computers -- Confucius (551 / 479 B.C.E.) -- Constantinople (Byzantium, Istanbul) -- Consumerism -- Containment -- Continental System -- Cook, James (1728 / 1779) -- 327 $aCopper -- Copyright -- Corn -- Corn Laws -- Corporations -- Cotton -- Cotton Gin -- Council for Mutual Economic Assistance -- Cowries -- Crete -- Crimean War (1854 / 1856) -- Crop Rotation -- Cross-Staff -- Crusades -- Crystal Palace -- Cuba -- Cuneiform -- Cyprus -- D -- Danube River -- Dardanelles -- Dark Ages -- Delian League -- Department Stores -- Diamonds -- Diasporas -- Dirhams -- Disease -- Disputes and Arbitration, International -- Donkey -- Drake, Francis (1540 / 1596) -- Drugs -- Dutch -- Dyula -- E -- East Asia -- Economic Consequences of the Peace, The (1919) -- Economics, Classical -- Edison, Thomas Alva (1847 / 1931) -- Egypt -- Egypt, Ancient -- Electricity -- Elizabeth I (1533 / 1603) -- Embargoes -- Empire Building -- Energy -- Engels, Friedrich (1820 / 1895) -- England's Treasure by Foreign Trade (1664) -- Entertainment -- Etruscans -- European / African Trade -- European / Asian Trade -- European Trade, Intracontinental -- European Union -- Exchange Rates -- Exploration and Trade -- Extraterritoriality -- F -- Fairs, International Trade -- Fertilizer -- Festivals and Fairs, Medieval -- Feudalism -- Finance and Credit -- Financial Institutions -- Flax -- Florence -- Food and Diet -- Ford Motor Company -- Foreign Aid -- Frankincense and Myrrh -- Franklin, Benjamin (1706 / 1790) -- Frederick II -- Free Trade -- Freemasonry -- French Empire -- French Revolution -- Fruits -- Fugger Family -- Fur -- G -- Gandhi, Mohandas (1869 / 1948) -- Garamantian Empire -- Gemstones -- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1947) -- General Electric Company -- General Theory of Employment, Interest, and Money, The (1936) -- Genoa -- German Empires -- Ghana -- Ghaznavids -- Glass -- Globalization -- Gold -- Gold Standard -- Goths -- Grain -- Great Depression -- Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere -- Greek City-States -- Guangzhou (Canton) -- Guano -- Gunpowder -- H -- Haiti -- Hakluyt, Richard (1552 / 1616) -- Hamburg -- Hanseatic League -- Hapsburgs -- Harbors -- 327 $aHargreaves, James (1720 / 1777) -- Heckscher, Eli Filip (1879 / 1952) -- Hellenistic Architecture -- Hemp -- Henry the Navigator (1394 / 1460) -- Hinduism -- Hittite Empire -- Hohenstauffen Empire -- Hollywood -- Hong Kong -- Hundred Years' War -- I -- Illegal Trade -- Immigration -- Imperialism -- Incas -- Indentured Servants -- Indian Ocean Trade -- Indigo -- Indus River -- Industrial Revolution -- Industrialism -- Inflation -- Insurance -- Intellectual Property -- Internal Combustion Engine -- International Monetary Fund -- International Trade Commission -- Internet -- Iron -- Iron Law of Wages -- Irrigation -- Isabella of Castile (1451 / 1504) -- Islam -- Ivory -- Ivory Coast -- J -- Jade -- Jews -- Joint-Stock Companies -- Judaism -- Jute -- K -- Keynes, John Maynard (1883 / 1946) -- Khan, Genghis (1162 / 1229) -- Khazar Empire -- Kilwa -- Kipling, Rudyard (1865 / 1936) -- Knights Templar -- Kolkata (Calcutta) -- Kush -- L -- Labor -- Laissez-Faire -- Law -- Leather -- Linear B Script -- Linen -- List, Georg Friedrich (1789 / 1846) -- Livestock -- Luddites -- M -- Madras -- Magellan, Ferdinand (1480 / 1521) -- Mali -- Malthus, Thomas Robert (1766 / 1834) -- Manchu Dynasty -- Manila -- Manila Galleons -- Market Revolution -- Marketplaces -- Marshall Plan -- Marx, Karl (1818 / 1883) -- Mayan Civilization -- Media -- Medici Family -- Medicine -- Mediterranean Sea -- Melaka -- Mercantilism -- Merchant Guilds -- Mesopotamian Architecture -- Mesopotamian Trade -- Middle Ages -- Migration, Human -- Milan -- Mill, John Stuart (1806 / 1873) -- Ming Dynasty -- Minoan Civilization -- Missionaries -- Mogadishu -- Molasses -- Money -- Mongol Invasions -- Monuments -- Mughal Empire -- Multinational Enterprise -- Mycenae -- N -- Napoleonic Wars -- Navigation -- Navigation Laws -- Netherlands -- New Imperialism -- Nile River -- Nineveh -- Nomads -- Nontarrif Barriers -- North American Free Trade Agreement (1994) -- Novgorod -- Nuts -- O -- Oases -- Oil -- Olives -- Open Door Notes -- 327 $aOpium -- Ottomans -- P -- Panama Canal -- Paper and Pulp -- Patents -- Pegolotti, Francesco Balducci (1315 / 1340) -- Pepper -- Perfume -- Persian Gulf -- Peter the Great (1672 / 1725) -- Petra -- Phoenicia -- Pilgrimages -- Piracy -- Pochteca -- Polo, Marco (1254 / 1324) -- Pony Express -- Population -- Portugal -- Potatoes -- Pottery -- Printing Press -- Protestantism -- Punic Wars -- Q -- Quadrant -- R -- Radanites -- Rae, John (1796 / 1872) -- Ragusa, Republic of (Dubrovnik) -- Railroads -- Reciprocity -- Redistribution -- Reformation -- Religion -- Renaissance -- Revolutions -- Ricardo, David (1772 / 1823) -- Rice -- Roman Catholic Church -- Roman Empire -- Roman Empire, Fall of -- Rothschilds -- Royal Niger Company -- Rum -- Russian Revolution -- S -- Saharan and Trans-Saharan Trade -- Salt -- Sculpture -- Service Sector -- Seven Years' War -- Shanghai -- Ships -- Shipwrecks -- Sicily -- Silk -- Silk Road -- Silver -- Singer, Isaac (1811 / 1875) -- Slavery -- Slaves, Plantation -- Smith, Adam (1723 / 1790) -- Smoot-Hawley Tariff (1930) -- Socialism -- Songhai Empire -- South Africa -- South America -- Southeast Asia -- Soviet / African Trade Relations -- Soviet Union -- Soybeans -- Spanish Empire -- Spice Route -- Spices -- Srivijaya Empire -- Steam Engine -- Steamship -- Steel -- Suez Canal -- Sugar -- Surat -- T -- Tally Sticks -- Tariff Barriers -- Tariffs -- Tea -- Technology -- Telegraph -- Telephone -- Terrorism -- Teutonic Knights -- Textiles -- Timber/Sorochok -- Tin -- Tobacco -- Tortoiseshell -- Tourism -- Trade Organizations -- Trade Winds -- Trademarks -- Transactions Costs -- Transportation and Trade -- Triangle Trade -- Tunisia -- U -- United Nations -- United States -- U.S. / China Trade -- U.S. / Japanese Trade Relations -- V -- Venice -- Vikings -- Volga Bulgaria -- W -- War of 1812 -- Warfare -- Wars for Empire -- Water -- Wealth -- Weapons -- Weights and Measures -- West Africa -- Whales -- Whitney, Eli (1765 / 1825) -- Wine -- Women -- Wood -- 327 $aWool -- World Bank -- World Trade Organization -- World War I -- World War II -- Primary Documents -- Code of Hammurabi (18th Century B.C.E.) -- Pope Urban II Initiates the First Crusade (1095) -- Papal Edicts on Usury (1139 and 1179) -- Francesco Pegolotti's Merchant Handbook, Excerpts (1340s) -- Canon Law Concerning Usury Used to Break Contracts (1369) -- Columbus's Journal, First Voyage, Excerpts (1492) -- Treaty of Tordesillas (1494) -- Instructions on Selling Indulgences (1517) -- Colonial Charter to Sir Walter Raleigh (1584) -- British East India Company Charter (1600) -- Sir Edwin Sandys's Report from the Committee on Free Trade (1604) -- English Trade in Japan, Excerpts from a Merchant's Journal (1615) -- Dutch East India Company Charter (1621) -- Sir Thomas Culpepper's Tract Against Usury (1621) -- Sir Thomas Roe's Speech on the Decay of Trade (1641) -- On Bills of Exchange, Tract by John Marius (1655) -- Navigation Acts of 1660 and 1663, Excerpts -- Colbert on Mercantilism (1664) -- Treaty of Utrecht, Article X (1713) -- The Merchant Adventurers' Views on Free Trade (1716) -- Treaty of Paris (1763) -- Sugar Act of 1764 -- Stamp Act of 1765, Article 1 -- British Tea Act of 1773 -- The Wealth of Nations, by Adam Smith, Excerpt (1776) -- "Essay on the Principles of Population," by Thomas Malthus, Excerpt (1798) -- Louisiana Purchase (1803) -- Berlin Decree (1806) -- An Act for the Abolition of the Slave Trade, British Parliament (1807) -- Milan Decree (1807) -- Contract between the St. Louis Missouri Fur Company and Thomas James (1809) -- "Observations on the Effects of the Corn Laws," by Thomas Malthus, Excerpt (1814) -- David Ricardo on the Iron Law of Wages (1817) -- Treaty of Nanjing (1842) -- An Act for the More Effectual Suppression of the Slave Trade, British Parliament (1843) -- Friedrich Engels on Protective Tariffs or Free Trade System (1847) -- Karl Marx's Speech on Free Trade, January 9, 1848 -- Communist Manifesto, by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels, Excerpt (1848) -- 327 $aRoyal Niger Company Contract (1886) -- Convention Respecting the Free Navigation of the Suez Maritime Canal (1888) -- First Open Door Note (1899) -- Panama Canal Treaty of 1903 -- Federal Reserve Act (1913) -- Economic Consequences of the Peace, by John Maynard Keynes, Excerpt (1919) -- Statute of Westminster (1931) -- Franklin D. Roosevelt on the Smoot-Hawley Tariff (1932) -- Herbert Hoover's Response to Franklin D. Roosevelt on the Smoot-Hawley Tariff (1932) -- Neutrality Act of 1935 -- Nye Committee Report (1936) -- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (1947) -- Constitution of the French Community (1958) -- ASEAN Declaration (1967) -- Panama Canal Treaty of 1977 -- Ronald Reagan's "Evil Empire" Speech (1982) -- Enterprise for the Americas Initiative, George H.W. Bush (1990) -- Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization (1995) -- Ministerial Declaration, World Trade Organization, Doha Round of Negotiations (2001) -- G20 Declaration, Summit on Financial Markets and the World Economy (2008) -- Copenhagen Accord, United Nations Climate Change Conference (2009) -- Chronology -- Glossary -- Master Bibliography -- Books and Articles -- Web Sites. 330 3 $aThis exhaustive four-volume set is the definitive reference on the history of trade in all time periods. It traces the historical and contemporary interaction of trade, commerce, and culture in fascinating detail. 606 $aInternational trade$xHistory$vEncyclopedias 606 $aCommerce$xHistory$vEncyclopedias 615 0$aInternational trade$xHistory 615 0$aCommerce$xHistory 676 $a382/.03 676 $a382.03 700 $aNorthrup$b Cynthia Clark$4aut 701 $aNorthrup$b Cynthia Clark$f1959- 712 02$aCredo Reference (Firm), 801 0$bFlBoTFG 801 1$bFlBoTFG 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911147860603321 997 $aUNINA