LEADER 04781oam 2200709I 450 001 9911110127503321 005 20251117071125.0 010 $a90-04-29989-0 024 7 $a10.1163/9789004299894 035 $a(CKB)3710000000602627 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001630651 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16377769 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001630651 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14874512 035 $a(PQKB)10476436 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16277009 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)14874513 035 $a(PQKB)23128869 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4452194 035 $a(nllekb)BRILL9789004299894 035 $a(PPN)196093236 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000602627 100 $a20160105d2016 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aCoercive diplomacy, sanctions and international law /$fedited by Natalino Ronzitti 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aLeiden :$cBrill Nijhoff,$d2016. 215 $a1 online resource (xxxii, 315pages) $cill 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a90-04-29988-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $tPreliminary Material /$rNatalino Ronzitti --$tSanctions as Instruments of Coercive Diplomacy: An International Law Perspective /$rNatalino Ronzitti --$tCompatibility and Legitimacy of Sanctions Regimes /$rMichael Bothe --$tConfronting the Implementation and Enforcement Challenges Involved in Imposing Economic Sanctions /$rBryan R. Early --$tSanctions Imposed by the European Union: Legal and Institutional Aspects /$rMarco Gestri --$tPractice Makes Perfect, Eventually? Unilateral State Sanctions and the Extraterritorial Effects of National Legislation /$rCharlotte Beaucillon --$tSanctions against Non-State Actors /$rNigel D. White --$tSanctions and the Protection of Human Rights: The Role of Sanctions Committees /$rThilo Marauhn and Ignaz Stegmiller --$tSanctions and Individual Rights /$rMonica Lugato --$tInternational Legal Limits on the Ability of States to Lawfully Impose International Economic/Financial Sanctions /$rDaniel H. Joyner --$tAn Overview of International Sanctions? Impact on Treaties and Contracts /$rAndrea Atteritano and Maria Beatrice Deli --$tun Sanctions Targeting Individuals and icc Proceedings: How to Achieve a Mutually Reinforcing Interaction /$rMarina Mancini --$tFrom Effective to Useful Sanctions: Lessons Learned from the Experience of the European Union /$rFrancesco Giumelli --$tWestern Economic and Political Sanctions as Instruments of Strategic Competition with Russia ? Opportunities and Risks /$rJoachim Krause --$tConclusion /$rNatalino Ronzitti --$tBibliography /$rNatalino Ronzitti --$tIndex /$rNatalino Ronzitti. 330 $aThis volume explores sanctions as instruments of coercive diplomacy, delving into theoretical arguments and combining perspectives from international law and international relations scholars and practitioners. Primary questions include the compatibility and legitimacy of sanctions regimes, enforcement measures, including the role of sanctions committees, the practice of circumventing sanctions, and the relation with the ICC proceedings. Legal and institutional aspects of the practice of the European Union are addressed. The extraterritorial effects of national legislation implementing sanctions imposed by individual States are investigated. A focus is on the impact of sanctions on non-State actors. The connections with the protection of human rights and the adverse impact on individual rights are considered. The implementation of sanctions is addressed in view of their legal limitation and the concept of proportionality, their consequences upon existing treaties and contracts, their effectiveness, and their strategic implications. 606 $aSanctions (International law) 606 $aEconomic sanctions 606 $aInternational relations 606 $adiplomatic relations$9eng$2eurovoc 606 $aeconomic sanctions$9eng$2eurovoc 606 $ainternational law$9eng$2eurovoc 606 $aRussia$9eng$2eurovoc 606 $aEuropean Union$9eng$2eurovoc 615 0$aSanctions (International law) 615 0$aEconomic sanctions. 615 0$aInternational relations. 615 7$adiplomatic relations. 615 7$aeconomic sanctions. 615 7$ainternational law. 615 7$aRussia. 615 7$aEuropean Union. 676 $a341.5/8 686 $a08.04.08$2EP-CLASS 701 $aRonzitti$b Natalino$09440 801 0$bNL-LeKB 801 1$bNL-LeKB 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911110127503321 996 $aCoercive diplomacy, sanctions and international law$94738495 997 $aUNINA LEADER 09466nam 22005053 450 001 9911117586003321 005 20250525090321.0 010 $a1-83711-230-4 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC32127650 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL32127650 035 $a(CKB)38869630600041 035 $a(Exl-AI)32127650 035 $a(OCoLC)1521496638 035 $a(EXLCZ)9938869630600041 100 $a20250525d2025 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aFrom Chattel Slavery to Modern Slavery $eA Legal and Ethnographic History 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aBradford :$cEthics International Press Limited,$d2025. 210 4$d©2025. 215 $a1 online resource (423 pages) 311 08$a1-83711-229-0 327 $aIntro -- Introduction -- The Transatlantic Slave Trade -- Chattel Slavery in the Modern Era -- Legal Personality -- Slave Punishments -- A Complete Absence of Sexual Autonomy -- Escape -- Manumission -- Abolition of Slavery -- 'New' or 'Modern' Slavery -- Endnotes -- Chapter 1 Slavery in Mesopotamia and Ancient Egypt (4500 to 330 BCE) -- Introduction -- The Third Dynasty of Ur -- Child slavery -- The Old Babylonian Period -- The Code of Hammurabi -- Fugitive slaves -- Female enslavement -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- Slavery in Ancient Egypt -- Slavery in the Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms -- Slavery in Ptolemaic Egypt -- Endnotes -- Chapter 2 Athenian Slavery (500 to 300 BCE) -- Introduction -- The Extent of Slavery in Classical Greece -- The origin of slaves -- The Life and Work of Slaves in Classical Athens -- Ownership of property and the incurrence of debts -- Public slaves -- Slavery in manufacturing and service industries -- The Treatment of Slaves -- Regular punishment and limited protection -- A complete absence of sexual autonomy -- Flight: consequences and prevention -- Slaves in legal proceedings -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- The closed Athenian system of slavery -- Endnotes -- Chapter 3 Roman Slavery (575 BCE to 550 CE) -- Introduction -- The contribution of Christianity to slavery -- Roman Enslavement -- Enslavement of prisoners -- Debt slavery -- Enslavement through piracy -- Slave markets -- Slaves born to slaves -- The Life, Work, and Death of Slaves in Ancient Rome -- The 'offence' of attacking another man's slave -- Ownership of property and the incurrence of debts -- Public slaves -- Private slaves -- Slaves in trades and commerce -- Slaves in mining -- Slaves in farming -- Slaves in the arena -- Slavery and disability -- The Legal Treatment of Slaves -- Flight: consequences and prevention. 327 $aSlaves in legal proceedings -- Slave Revolts -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- Endnotes -- Chapter 4 Slavery in Qin and Han Dynasty China (221 BCE to 220 CE) -- Introduction -- Methods of Enslavement -- Enslavement of prisoners and defendants (and their families) -- Debt slavery -- Enslavement through kidnapping -- Slave markets -- The Life and Work of Slaves in the Han and Qin Dynasties -- Public slaves -- Private slaves -- The Legal Treatment of Slaves -- The right to punish -- The interregnum of Wang Mang -- Runaway slaves -- Slaves and legal proceedings -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- Concluding Remarks -- Endnotes -- Chapter 5 Scandinavian Enthralment (800 to 1335 CE) -- Introduction -- Methods of Enslavement -- Enslavement through kidnapping -- Enslavement of criminals -- Debt slavery -- Slave trading and slave markets -- Child slaves -- Female slaves -- The Life and Work of Slaves in the Enthralment -- The Legal Treatment of Slaves -- The right to punish -- Legal testimony -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- Endnotes -- Chapter 6 Slavery in Medieval Arabia (500 to 1500 CE) -- Introduction -- Methods of Enslavement -- Enslavement through capture in war -- Slave trading and slave markets -- The Life and Work of Slaves in Medieval Arabia -- Business agency and skilled professionals -- Military service -- Child slaves -- Female slaves -- The Legal Treatment of Slaves -- The right to punish -- Legal testimony -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- Slave rebellions -- Endnotes -- Chapter 7 Roma Slavery in Wallachia and Moldavia (1385-1856 CE) -- Introduction -- Methods of Enslavement -- Slave trading and slave markets -- The Life and Work of Roma Slaves -- Child slaves -- The Legal Treatment of Slaves -- A limited right to marry -- The right to punish -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- Endnotes. 327 $aChapter 8 Portuguese Enslavement and Slavery in Brazil (1441-1850) -- Introduction -- Portugal's Role in the Slave Trade -- Kidnapping -- Slave trading and slave markets -- Slaves in Portugal -- Slave 'breeding' -- Slave Rebellions on Land -- The Abolition of the Portuguese Slave Trade -- The Life and Work of Slaves in Brazil -- Child and female slaves -- The Legal Treatment of Slaves in Brazil -- Self-employed slaves -- Limited civil rights -- The right to punish -- Slave rebellions in Brazil -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- The end to Brazilian slavery -- Endnotes -- Chapter 9 Slavery in the United States (1492-1865) -- Introduction -- The Slave Trade to America -- Slaves in the Antebellum United States -- The legal treatment of slaves -- The right to punish -- Slave 'breeding' -- Fugitive slaves -- Slave rebellions -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- The Abolition of Slavery in the United States -- Frederick Douglass -- The Amistad case -- The Dred Scott case -- Lincoln and abolition -- Endnotes -- Chapter 10 British Enslavement and Slavery in the Caribbean (1562-1833) -- Introduction -- Britain's Role in the Slave Trade -- The Zong case -- British Slaves in the Caribbean -- The legal treatment of British slaves -- The right to punish -- Fugitive slaves and 'marronnage' -- Slave rebellions -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- Slaves in Britain -- The Somerset case -- The Abolition of the Slave Trade and Slavery in the British Empire -- Endnotes -- Chapter 11 French Enslavement in Saint Domingue (Haiti) (1571-1804) -- Introduction -- France's Role in the Slave Trade -- The abolition of the French slave trade -- The Life and Work of Slaves in Saint-Domingue -- The Legal Treatment of Slaves in Saint-Domingue -- The status of children -- The right to punish -- Manumission: Prospects and Consequences -- Fugitive slaves. 327 $aThe Slave Rebellions in Saint-Domingue and the Creation of Haiti -- Endnotes -- Chapter 12 Nazi Slavery (1933-45) -- Introduction -- The Forced Labour Programme -- Industrial use of slave labourers -- The Treatment of Forced Labourers -- Abuse of labourers in Krupp factories -- Use of slave labour in the Nazi rocket programme -- Individual Accountability Before the Law ? of a Sort -- The criminal responsibility of Hans Frank and Fritz Sauckel -- The criminal responsibility of Albert Speer -- The (non) responsibility of the industrialists -- Endnotes -- Chapter 13 Yazidi Enslavement by Islamic State (2014 to 2017 and beyond) -- Introduction -- The Life and Work of Slaves in the Caliphate -- The Legal Treatment of Slaves by Islamic State -- The right to punish -- Manumission in the Caliphate -- Dealing with the Long-term Consequences of Enslavement -- Endnotes -- Chapter 14 Modern Slavery -- Introduction -- International Law and Modern Slavery -- The Definitions of Modern Slavery -- Human Trafficking -- Sexual Enslavement -- The Kunarac, Kova?, and Vukovi? cases -- The López Soto case -- UN peacekeeping troops and forced prostitution in Kosovo -- Forced Labour -- Modern slavery and supply chains -- Modern slavery in the cocoa industry -- Imprisonment and forced labour -- Trafficking in persons for the purpose of organ removal -- Trafficking of persons with disabilities -- The intersection of forced marriage and human trafficking -- Concluding Remarks -- Endnotes -- Chapter 15 Reparations for Chattel Slavery -- Introduction -- The Growing Pressure for Reparations -- The Nature of Reparations under International Law -- Reparations by States -- Reparations by Corporations and Individuals -- Endnotes -- Index. 330 $aChattel slavery, in which people were considered as objects to be bought, sold, and destroyed, dates back to the dawn of civilisation. This work documents the legal basis for slavery and its many abuses across the ages by some of the main enslavers. The voices of the victims and those who observed their plight are given prominence as personal histories in each chapter. Slavery in the modern era includes enslavement by the Nazi regime and most recently of the Yazidis in Iraq and Syria by Islamic State. Slave-like practices, often termed modern slavery, are also included in a chapter of this volume. The book ends with consideration of whether reparations for historic slavery should be made. 606 $aSlavery$xHistory$7Generated by AI 606 $aForced labor$xHistory$7Generated by AI 615 0$aSlavery$xHistory 615 0$aForced labor$xHistory. 676 $a306.362 700 $aCasey-Maslen$b Stuart$0765046 701 $aVicentic$b Loren Persi$02006656 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911117586003321 996 $aFrom Chattel Slavery to Modern Slavery$94793083 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05110nam 2200709 a 450 001 9911140157303321 005 20251116203650.0 010 $a9789812777645 010 $a9812777644 035 $a(CKB)1000000000410983 035 $a(EBL)1679535 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000136058 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11143942 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000136058 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10064512 035 $a(PQKB)10887459 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1679535 035 $a(WSP)00004937 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1679535 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10201294 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL505411 035 $a(OCoLC)879023723 035 $a(Perlego)847228 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000410983 100 $a20021003d2002 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aDefects of properties in mathematics $equantitative characterizations /$fAdrian I. Ban & Sorin G. Gal 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aSingapore ;$aRiver Edge, NJ $cWorld Scientific$dc2002 215 $a1 online resource (365 p.) 225 1 $aSeries on concrete and applicable mathematics ;$vv. 5 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9789810249243 311 08$a9810249241 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. 337-348) and index. 327 $aPreface; Contents; Chapter 1 Introduction; 1.1 General Description of the Topic; 1.2 On Chapter 2: Defect of Property in Set Theory; 1.3 On Chapter 3: Defect of Property in Topology; 1.4 On Chapter 4: Defect of Property in Measure Theory; 1.5 On Chapter 5: Defect of Property in Real Function Theory; 1.6 On Chapter 6: Defect of Property in Functional Analysis; 1.7 On Chapter 7: Defect of Property in Algebra; 1.8 On Chapter 8: Miscellaneous; Chapter 2 Defect of Property in Set Theory; 2.1 Measures of Fuzziness; 2.2 Intuitionistic Entropies; 2.3 Applications 327 $a2.3.1 Application to determination of degree of interference2.3.2 Application to description of the performance of systems; 2.3.3 Application to digital image processing; 2.4 Bibliographical Remarks; Chapter 3 Defect of Property in Topology; 3.1 Measures of Noncompactness for Classical Sets; 3.2 Random Measures of Noncompactness; 3.3 Measures of Noncompactness for Fuzzy Subsets in Metric Space; 3.4 Measures of Noncompactness for Fuzzy Subsets in Topological Space; 3.5 Defects of Opening and of Closure for Subsets in Metric Space; 3.6 Bibliographical Remarks and Open Problems 327 $aChapter 4 Defect of Property in Measure Theory4.1 Defect of Additivity: Basic Definitions and Properties; 4.1.1 Application to calculation of fuzzy integral; 4.1.2 Application to best approximation of a fuzzy measure; 4.1.3 A metric on the family of fuzzy measures; 4.2 Defect of Complementarity; 4.3 Defect of Monotonicity; 4.4 Defect of Subadditivity and of Superadditivity; 4.5 Defect of Measurability; 4.6 Bibliographical Remarks; Chapter 5 Defect of Property in Real Function Theory; 5.1 Defect of Continuity of Differentiability and of Integrability 327 $a5.2 Defect of Monotonicity of Convexity and of Linearity5.3 Defect of Equality for Inequalities; 5.4 Bibliographical Remarks and Open Problems; Chapter 6 Defect of Property in Functional Analysis; 6.1 Defect of Orthogonality in Real Normed Spaces; 6.2 Defect of Property for Sets in Normed Spaces; 6.3 Defect of Property for Functionals; 6.4 Defect of Property for Linear Operators on Normed Spaces; 6.5 Defect of Fixed Point; 6.6 Bibliographical Remarks and Open Problems; Chapter 7 Defect of Property in Algebra; 7.1 Defects of Property for Binary Operations 327 $a7.2 Calculations of the Defect of Property7.3 Defect of Idempotency and Distributivity of Triangular Norms; 7.4 Applications; 7.5 Bibliographical Remarks; Chapter 8 Miscellaneous; 8.1 Defect of Property in Complex Analysis; 8.2 Defect of Property in Geometry; 8.3 Defect of Property in Number Theory; 8.4 Defect of Property in Fuzzy Logic; 8.5 Bibliographical Remarks and Open Problems; Bibliography; Index 330 $a"This book introduces a method of reasearch which can be used in various fields of mathematics. It examines, in a systematic way, the quantitative characterizations of the "deviation from a (given) property", called the "defect of a property", in: set theory; topology; measure theory; real, complex and functional analysis; algebra; geometry; number theory; fuzzy mathematics"--P. [2] of cover. 410 0$aSeries on concrete and applicable mathematics ;$vv. 5. 606 $aMathematics 606 $aFuzzy mathematics 606 $aDeviation (Mathematics) 615 0$aMathematics. 615 0$aFuzzy mathematics. 615 0$aDeviation (Mathematics) 676 $a510 700 $aBan$b Adrian I$0531795 701 $aGal$b Sorin G.$f1953-$0474332 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911140157303321 996 $aDefects of properties in mathematics$94870454 997 $aUNINA