LEADER 04448nam 22006615 450 001 9911049185603321 005 20260102120438.0 010 $a3-031-87244-4 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-031-87244-0 035 $a(CKB)44770260000041 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC32470205 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL32470205 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-031-87244-0 035 $a(EXLCZ)9944770260000041 100 $a20260102d2025 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 14$aThe Administrative Presidency: Presidential Directives and Executive Policymaking /$fby Michelle H. Belco 205 $a1st ed. 2025. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer Nature Switzerland :$cImprint: Palgrave Macmillan,$d2025. 215 $a1 online resource (395 pages) 225 1 $aThe Evolving American Presidency,$x2945-6169 311 08$a3-031-87243-6 327 $aChapter 1. Presidents and Executive Policymaking for African Americans -- Chapter 2. Inside Presidential Policymaking -- Chapter 3. The President Takes Charge -- Chapter 4. Enhancing Equal Employment Opportunities.-Chapter 5. Creating Economic Opportunities through Minority Business Enterprise -- Chapter 6.Investing in Historically Black Colleges and Universities -- Chapter 7. Moving Forward with President Biden -- Appendix 1. Lexicon of Race-Related Words -- Appendix 2. Abbreviated Timeline for Chapter 4 Enhancing Equal Employment Opportunities -- Appendix 3. Abbreviated Timeline for Chapter 5 Creating Economic Opportunities through Minority Business Enterprise -- Appendix 4. Abbreviated Timeline for Chapter 6 Investing in Historically Black Colleges and Universities. 330 $aPresidential directives are a valuable tool for executive policymaking. Acting administratively, they are an exercise of executive power where presidents seem to be acting alone but, on reflection, may not be acting in isolation. Their directives may be an appeal to Congress for support or issued in lieu of legislation. At times, the decisions of the Supreme Court may help or hinder executive action. Meanwhile, within their own separate institution, presidents must rely on the federal bureaucracy to carry out their orders. This book systematically examines the use of presidential directives ? executive orders, memoranda, and proclamations - to shape race policy. It uses a mixed-methods approach to analysing presidential directives from Presidents Nixon to Biden within this distinct policy area. By exploring the use of presidential directives, this book reveals the contributions of each president as well as the similarities and differences between them. The expansive time frame of this book provides an opportunity to investigate the origins of presidential policy on race to the Supreme Court?s decision to end affirmative action in higher education which marked a significant shift in race policy moving forward. Michelle Belco?s latest book provides the most comprehensive study about how presidents use unilateral directives to shape race policy during the modern presidency. This impressive book is a welcome addition for scholars of the American presidency, minority politics, and public policy. -Adam L. Warber, Clemson University. Michelle H. Belco, J.D., Ph.D., is a Senior Lecturer in Political Science at the University of Houston Honors College. 410 0$aThe Evolving American Presidency,$x2945-6169 606 $aAmerica$xPolitics and government 606 $aPolitical leadership 606 $aRace 606 $aWorld politics 606 $aSocial justice 606 $aAmerican Politics 606 $aPolitical Leadership 606 $aRace and Ethnicity Studies 606 $aPolitical History 606 $aSocial Justice 615 0$aAmerica$xPolitics and government. 615 0$aPolitical leadership. 615 0$aRace. 615 0$aWorld politics. 615 0$aSocial justice. 615 14$aAmerican Politics. 615 24$aPolitical Leadership. 615 24$aRace and Ethnicity Studies. 615 24$aPolitical History. 615 24$aSocial Justice. 676 $a352.2350973 700 $aBelco$b Michelle H$01886727 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911049185603321 996 $aThe Administrative Presidency$94522290 997 $aUNINA