LEADER 05343nam 2200709 a 450 001 9910830976303321 005 20230725055934.0 010 $a1-118-61967-6 010 $a1-118-61897-1 010 $a1-299-44930-1 010 $a1-118-61990-0 035 $a(CKB)2550000001018588 035 $a(EBL)1162073 035 $a(OCoLC)836403014 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000993691 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11633521 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000993691 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10957051 035 $a(PQKB)10312421 035 $a(OCoLC)846963152 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1162073 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4036918 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL4036918 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr11111369 035 $a(OCoLC)929525975 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001018588 100 $a20100813d2011 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aExtractive metallurgy$h1$iBasic thermodynamics and kinetics$b[electronic resource] /$fAlain Vignes 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aLondon $cISTE ;$aHoboken, N.J. $cWiley$dc2011 215 $a1 online resource (369 p.) 225 0 $aExtractive metallurgy ;$v1 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-84821-160-0 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aCover; Extractive Metallurgy 1; Title Page; Copyright Page; Table of Contents; Preface; Chapter 1. Metallurgical Thermochemistry; 1.1. Introduction; 1.2. Quantities characterizing the state of a system and its evolution; 1.2.1. The types of operations; 1.2.2. Stoichiometric description of a chemical system; 1.2.3. Evolution of a system's state: degree of advancement of a reaction; 1.2.4. Characteristic quantities of a phase's composition; 1.3. Thermodynamic fundamentals of reactions; 1.3.1. Reaction enthalpy 327 $a1.3.2. Gibbs free energy of a system, affinity of a reaction and chemical potential of a component1.3.3. Expressions of the chemical potential and activities of a component; 1.3.4. Affinity of a reaction: law of mass action (thermodynamic modeling of a process); 1.3.5. Applications; 1.4. Phase diagrams; 1.4.1. Binary phase diagrams; 1.4.2. Ternary phase diagrams; 1.5. Bibliography; Chapter 2. Oxides, Sulfides, Chlorides and Carbides; 2.1. Introduction; 2.2. Metal-oxygen/metal-sulfur systems activities in the intermediate phases; 2.2.1. Phase diagrams 327 $a2.2.2. Component activities in the intermediate phases2.3. Standard Gibbs free energy: temperature diagrams for oxides - Ellingham-Richardson diagrams; 2.3.1. Stoichiometric oxides; 2.3.2. Unstoichiometric compounds; 2.3.3. Thermodynamic data for the reduction of oxides by a reducing gas; 2.4. Thermodynamic data for sulfides and chlorides; 2.4.1. Ellingham-Richardson diagram for sulfides; 2.4.2. Stability diagrams for the (M-O-S) systems; 2.4.3. Ellingham-Richardson diagram for chlorides; 2.4.4. Stability diagrams of M-O2-Cl2 systems 327 $a2.5. Metal-carbon phase diagrams and the Ellingham-Richardson diagram for carbides2.6. Carbon and carbon oxide reactions; 2.6.1. Oxidation reactions; 2.6.2. Boudouard's reaction; 2.6.3. The different types of coal; 2.7. Bibliography; Chapter 3. Metal Solutions, Slags and Mattes; 3.1. Introduction; 3.2. Metal solutions; 3.2.1. Phase diagrams and activities of liquid alloys components; 3.2.2. Activities and solubilities of metalloids in metal solutions; 3.2.3. Solubility and precipitation of oxide and sulfide compounds in metals; 3.3. Mattes 327 $a3.3.1. Structure and physical properties of sulfide melts (mattes)3.3.2. Thermodynamic data for the binary Fe-S, Ni-S, Cu-S and Pb-S systems; 3.3.3. Thermodynamic data of ternary mattes; 3.3.4. Thermodynamic data for M-O-S systems; 3.4. Slags; 3.4.1. Structure and physical properties; 3.4.2. Phase diagrams and activities; 3.4.3. Phase diagrams and activities of oxide mixtures forming the basis of metallurgical slags CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO; 3.4.4. Phase diagrams and activities of mixtures of CaO-SiO2 -Al2O3-MgO oxides and reducible (iron, manganese and chrome) oxides; 3.5. Bibliography 327 $aChapter 4. Aqueous Electrolytic Solutions and Salt Melts 330 $aThis book is dedicated to the processes of mineral transformation, recycling and reclamation of metals, for the purpose of turning metals and alloys into a liquid state ready for pouring. Even though ""process metallurgy"" is one of the oldest technologies implemented by man, technological innovation, with the development of processes that are both focused on product quality and economically and ecologically efficient, continues to be at the heart of these industries. 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