LEADER 05145oam 22012734 450 001 9910151744603321 005 20250426110124.0 010 $a9781475552508 010 $a1475552505 010 $a9781475552539 010 $a147555253X 035 $a(CKB)3710000000952160 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC4745284 035 $a(IMF)1BGREA2016002 035 $a1BGREA2016002 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000952160 100 $a20020129d2016 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aBulgaria : $eSelected Issues Paper 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2016. 215 $a1 online resource (67 pages) $cillustrations, tables 225 1 $aIMF Staff Country Reports 311 08$a9781475552492 311 08$a1475552491 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 330 3 $aThis paper highlights Bulgaria?s state-owned enterprises (SOEs) sector and to assess its performance in a regional perspective. A detailed and rich firm-level dataset of state-owned and private firms was compiled for this note to compare key performance indicators of SOEs to private firms in the same sector and to similar firms in Croatia and Romania for a regional comparison. In some network industries, such as energy, SOEs are heavily loss-making. Large amounts of debt have been piled up notably in the energy and transport sectors which, to the extent that it is classified outside the general government accounts, can pose significant risk to public finances in the form of contingent liabilities if the SOEs run into financial difficulties. SOE profitability and resource allocation efficiency largely lag private firms in the same sectors, even when isolating SOEs engaged in competitive market activities and hence classified outside of general government. Coupled with comparably poor output quality, these challenges have the potential to impair competitiveness and productivity across the economy. 410 0$aIMF Staff Country Reports; Country Report ;$vNo. 2016/345 606 $aInternational Monetary Fund 606 $aInternational Monetary Fund$zBulgaria 606 $aGovernment business enterprises$zBulgaria 606 $aFinance: General$2imf 606 $aInvestments: Bonds$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aPublic Finance$2imf 606 $aDemography$2imf 606 $aBankruptcy$2imf 606 $aLiquidation$2imf 606 $aEconomics of the Elderly$2imf 606 $aEconomics of the Handicapped$2imf 606 $aNon-labor Market Discrimination$2imf 606 $aNonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise: General$2imf 606 $aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data)$2imf 606 $aDemographic Economics: General$2imf 606 $aFinance$2imf 606 $aPopulation & demography$2imf 606 $aPensions$2imf 606 $aInvestment & securities$2imf 606 $aPublic ownership$2imf 606 $anationalization$2imf 606 $aSolvency$2imf 606 $aAging$2imf 606 $aPublic enterprises$2imf 606 $aBond yields$2imf 606 $aPopulation and demographics$2imf 606 $aFinancial sector policy and analysis$2imf 606 $aEconomic sectors$2imf 606 $aFinancial institutions$2imf 606 $aDebt$2imf 606 $aPopulation aging$2imf 606 $aGovernment business enterprises$2imf 606 $aBonds$2imf 606 $aNationalization$2imf 607 $aBulgaria$xEconomic conditions 607 $aBulgaria$2imf 615 0$aInternational Monetary Fund. 615 0$aInternational Monetary Fund 615 0$aGovernment business enterprises 615 7$aFinance: General 615 7$aInvestments: Bonds 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aPublic Finance 615 7$aDemography 615 7$aBankruptcy 615 7$aLiquidation 615 7$aEconomics of the Elderly 615 7$aEconomics of the Handicapped 615 7$aNon-labor Market Discrimination 615 7$aNonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise: General 615 7$aGeneral Financial Markets: General (includes Measurement and Data) 615 7$aDemographic Economics: General 615 7$aFinance 615 7$aPopulation & demography 615 7$aPensions 615 7$aInvestment & securities 615 7$aPublic ownership 615 7$anationalization 615 7$aSolvency 615 7$aAging 615 7$aPublic enterprises 615 7$aBond yields 615 7$aPopulation and demographics 615 7$aFinancial sector policy and analysis 615 7$aEconomic sectors 615 7$aFinancial institutions 615 7$aDebt 615 7$aPopulation aging 615 7$aGovernment business enterprises 615 7$aBonds 615 7$aNationalization 676 $a332.152 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910151744603321 996 $aBulgaria$9674720 997 $aUNINA LEADER 05222nam 2200637Ia 450 001 9911019733003321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a1-282-03434-0 010 $a9786612034343 010 $a1-4443-0091-1 010 $a1-4443-0092-X 035 $a(CKB)1000000000715913 035 $a(EBL)416351 035 $a(OCoLC)437096633 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000101365 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11127008 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000101365 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10042049 035 $a(PQKB)11278257 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC416351 035 $a(PPN)16210362X 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000715913 100 $a20080109d2008 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2rdamedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 00$aAllergy and allergic diseases /$fedited by A.B. Kay ... [et al.] ; foreword by K. Frank Austen 205 $a2nd ed. 210 $aMalden, Mass. $cBlackwell$d2008 215 $a1 online resource (2108 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 $a1-4051-5720-8 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and indexes. 327 $aKAY 9781405157209.pdf; List of Contributors; Foreword; Preface; 1 Immunology of theAllergic Response; 1 Allergy and Hypersensitivity:History and Concepts; 2 Development of Allergy and Atopy; 3 T Cells and Cytokines in Asthma and; 4 Regulatory T Cells and Other TolerogenicMechanisms in Allergy and Asthma; 5 IgE and IgE Receptors; 6 Immunoglobulin Gene Organization andExpression and Regulation of IgE; 7 Environmental Factors in IgE Production; 8 Antigen-presenting Dendritic Cells and Macrophages; 9 Innate Immunity in Allergic Disease; 10 Signal Transduction in Allergic andInflammatory Cells 327 $a2 Inflammatory Cells andMediators11 Mast Cells: Biological Properties andRole in Health and Allergic Diseases; 12 Eosinophils: Biological Properties and Rolein Health and Disease; 13 Neutrophils: Biological Properties and Role in Health and Allergic Diseases; 14 Basophils: Biological Properties and Role in Allergic Diseases; 15 Leukocyte Adhesion in Allergic Inflammation; 16 Airway Epithelium; 17 Airway Vascularity in Asthma; 18 Fibroblasts and the Extracellular Matrix; 19 Immune Complexes and Complement: Their Role in Host Defense and in Disease; 20 Bradykinin Pathways and Allergic Disease 327 $a21 Chemokines22 Neurotrophins; 23 Neuropeptides; 24 Late-phase Allergic Reactions in Humans; 3 Pharmacology; 25 Antihistamines; 26 Lipid Mediators: Leukotrienes, Prostanoids, Lipoxins, and Platelet-activating Factor; 27 Theophylline and Isoenzyme-selective Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; 28 Adrenergic Agonists and Antagonists; 29 Cholinergic Antagonists; 30 Antileukotriene Agents; 31 Glucocorticosteroids; 32 Immunomodulating Drugs; 4 Physiology; 33 Physiologic Aspects of Asthma; 34 Aerosol Delivery Systems; 35 Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness; 36 Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction: Animal Models 327 $a37 Exercise-induced Bronchoconstriction: Human Models38 Sensory and Autonomic Nervous System in Asthma and Rhinitis; 39 Mucus and Mucociliary Clearance in Asthma and Allergic Rhinitis; 40 Biology of Vascular Permeability; 41 Airway Smooth Muscle; 5 Allergens; 42 Biochemistry of Allergens and Recombinant Allergens; 43 Host Responses to Allergens; 44 Allergen Extracts and Standardization; 45 Grass, Tree, and Weed Pollen; 46 Fungi as Allergens; 47 Dust Mites and Asthma; 48 Animal Allergens; 49 Airborne Allergens and Irritants in the Workplace 327 $a50 Allergens from Stinging Insects: Ants, Bees, and Vespids51 Cockroach Allergens, Environmental Exposure, and Asthma; 52 Food Allergens; 53 Latex Allergy; 6 Animal Models of Asthma; 54 Primate Models of Allergic Asthma; 55 Airway Remodeling in Small Animal Models; 56 Are Animal Models of Asthma Useful?; 7 Etiology and Pathology; 57 Genetics of Asthma and Atopic Dermatitis; 58 Epidemiology of Asthma, Atopy, and Atopic Disease; 59 The Allergy March; 60 Outdoor Air Pollution and Allergic Airway Disease; 61 Indoor Air Pollution; 62 Molecular Immunopathology of Allergic Disease 327 $a8 Diagnosis of Allergic Disease 330 $aReserve your copy now This two volume book is an outstanding reference source on all aspects of allergy and allergic diseases. Covering virtually every allergic condition, from the immunological and molecular basis of the allergic response to future trends in allergic disease prevention, this new international editorial team (A.B.Kay, Jean Bousquet, Pat Holt and Allen Kaplan) have completely revised and updated the text, from both a scientific and clinical perspective. References will continue to be added to the text until it goes to press making this the most up-to-date bo 606 $aAllergy 606 $aImmunologic diseases 615 0$aAllergy. 615 0$aImmunologic diseases. 676 $a616.23807 676 $a616.97 701 $aKay$b A. B$097831 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911019733003321 996 $aAllergy and allergic diseases$92107774 997 $aUNINA