LEADER 04854oam 22011894 450 001 9910955867703321 005 20250426110923.0 010 $a9786613830555 010 $a9781462379064 010 $a1462379060 010 $a9781452782430 010 $a1452782431 010 $a9781283518109 010 $a1283518104 010 $a9781451986204 010 $a1451986203 035 $a(CKB)3360000000443979 035 $a(EBL)3014465 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000940708 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11519295 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000940708 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10956016 035 $a(PQKB)10350470 035 $a(OCoLC)694141134 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2006171 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3014465 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2006171 035 $aWPIEA2006171 035 $a(EXLCZ)993360000000443979 100 $a20020129d2006 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aWeathering the Storm So Far $eThe Impact of the 2003?05 Oil Shock on Low-Income Countries /$fHelaway Tadesse, Mark Lewis, Jörg Zeuner, James John, Luzmaria Monasi, Paolo Dudine 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2006. 215 $a1 online resource (33 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 300 $a"July 2006." 311 08$a9781451864311 311 08$a1451864310 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $a""Contents""; ""I. INTRODUCTION""; ""II. THE GLOBAL AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT""; ""III. Balance of Payments Impact""; ""IV. FISCAL IMPACT""; ""V. LOOKING FORWARD POSSIBLE VULNERABILITIES""; ""VI. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DEMAND FOR IMF RESOURCES""; ""APPENDIX I COMPARISON TO OIL SHOCKS OF THE 1970's""; ""APPENDIX II ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS"" 330 3 $aThis paper examines the impact of the 2003-05 oil price increase on the balance of payments positions and IMF financing needs of low-income country oil importers. It finds that stronger exports reflecting favorable global conditions, a compression of oil import volumes due to the pass-through of world prices to domestic consumers, and a large increase in capital inflows helped low-income countries cope with the oil price shock. Preliminary data suggest that reductions in oil import volumes have not harmed growth. While fiscal balances generally improved, quasi-fiscal liabilities may be building. Lower demand for IMF assistance may reflect broader trends, but further oil price increases could put pressure on additional countries in 2006 and beyond. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2006/171 606 $aBalance of payments$zDeveloping countries 606 $aPetroleum industry and trade$xEconomic aspects$zDeveloping countries 606 $aPetroleum products$xPrices 606 $aBalance of payments$2imf 606 $aCapital account$2imf 606 $aCurrent Account Adjustment$2imf 606 $aEnergy: Demand and Supply$2imf 606 $aEnergy: General$2imf 606 $aExports and Imports$2imf 606 $aFuel prices$2imf 606 $aImports$2imf 606 $aInternational economics$2imf 606 $aInvestment & securities$2imf 606 $aInvestments: Energy$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aOil prices$2imf 606 $aOil$2imf 606 $aPetroleum industry and trade$2imf 606 $aPrices$2imf 606 $aShort-term Capital Movements$2imf 606 $aTrade: General$2imf 607 $aCentral African Republic$2imf 615 0$aBalance of payments 615 0$aPetroleum industry and trade$xEconomic aspects 615 0$aPetroleum products$xPrices. 615 7$aBalance of payments 615 7$aCapital account 615 7$aCurrent Account Adjustment 615 7$aEnergy: Demand and Supply 615 7$aEnergy: General 615 7$aExports and Imports 615 7$aFuel prices 615 7$aImports 615 7$aInternational economics 615 7$aInvestment & securities 615 7$aInvestments: Energy 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aOil prices 615 7$aOil 615 7$aPetroleum industry and trade 615 7$aPrices 615 7$aShort-term Capital Movements 615 7$aTrade: General 700 $aTadesse$b Helaway$01816123 701 $aDudine$b Paolo$01451146 701 $aJohn$b James$01816124 701 $aLewis$b Mark$g(Mark White)$0792112 701 $aMonasi$b Luzmaria$01816125 701 $aZeuner$b Jörg$01816126 712 02$aInternational Monetary Fund.$bPolicy Development and Review Dept. 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910955867703321 996 $aWeathering the Storm So Far$94371801 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03572nam 22006854a 450 001 9911019507103321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9786610739936 010 $a9781280739934 010 $a1280739932 010 $a9780470058725 010 $a0470058722 010 $a9780470058732 010 $a0470058730 035 $a(CKB)1000000000355590 035 $a(EBL)284472 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000269215 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11192064 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000269215 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10247536 035 $a(PQKB)10810464 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC284472 035 $a(OCoLC)86224943 035 $a(Perlego)2788388 035 $a(EXLCZ)991000000000355590 100 $a20060531d2006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aWastewater quality monitoring and treatment /$f[edited by] Philippe Quevauviller, Olivier Thomas, Andre van der Beken 210 $aChichester, England ;$aHoboken, NJ $cWiley$dc2006 215 $a1 online resource (410 p.) 225 1 $aWater quality measurements series 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9780471499299 311 08$a0471499293 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aWastewater Quality Monitoring and Treatment; Contents; Series Preface; Preface; List of Contributors; 1.1 Wastewater Regulation; 1.2 Sampling Assistance; 1.3 Standard Methodologies; 1.4 Alternative Methods; 1.5 Biosensors and Biological Monitoring for Assessing Water Quality; 1.6 Reference Materials; 2.1 Sewers (Characterization and Evolution of Sewage); 2.2 Sewer Flow Measurement; 2.3 Monitoring in Rural Areas; 3.1 Elements of Modelling and Control of Urban Wastewater Treatment Systems; 3.2 Treatability Evaluation; 3.3 Toxicity Evaluation; 3.4 Nutrient Control 327 $a4.1 State Estimation for Wastewater Treatment Processes4.2 Industrial Wastewater Quality Monitoring; 5.1 Quality Survey of Wastewater Discharges; 5.2 Monitoring for Water Quality Modelling; 5.3 Discharges in Sensitive Receiving Waters; 5.4 Water Reuse; 6.1 Collecting and Merging Data from Widespread and Disparate Sources; 6.2 Training; Index 330 $aThe issue of water quality monitoring is becoming a huge area as the EU requirements for cleaner water increase. On-line monitoring involves measuring a body of water constantly and in-situ as opposed to analysing samples in the lab. Currently filling the gap in the market, Wastewater Quality Monitoring: On-line Methods provides information on how to produce the best analyses of wastewater in order to meet the above mentioned requirements. This reference will prove invaluable to all local water companies, industrial companies producing wastewater, as well as environment agencies and r 410 0$aWater quality measurements series. 606 $aSewage$xPurification$xQuality control 606 $aWater quality$xMeasurement 606 $aWater quality management 615 0$aSewage$xPurification$xQuality control. 615 0$aWater quality$xMeasurement. 615 0$aWater quality management. 676 $a628.1/68 701 $aQuevauviller$b Ph$0862142 701 $aThomas$b Olivier$01329976 701 $aBeken$b Andre van der$01838557 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911019507103321 996 $aWastewater quality monitoring and treatment$94423020 997 $aUNINA