LEADER 11556nam 22005773 450 001 9911018914303321 005 20240220080208.0 010 $a9781119904991 010 $a1119904994 010 $a9781119904984 010 $a1119904986 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC31167450 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL31167450 035 $a(CKB)30404828100041 035 $a(Exl-AI)31167450 035 $a(OCoLC)1422742473 035 $a(EXLCZ)9930404828100041 100 $a20240220d2024 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aHandbook of Water Pollution 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aNewark :$cJohn Wiley & Sons, Incorporated,$d2024. 210 4$dİ2024. 215 $a1 online resource (554 pages) 311 08$a9781119904809 311 08$a1119904803 327 $aCover -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Contents -- Chapter 1 Introduction to Water Pollution -- 1.1 Pollution -- 1.2 What is Water Pollution? -- 1.3 Prevalence of Water Pollution -- 1.4 Categories of Water Pollution -- 1.4.1 Point Sources -- 1.4.2 Non-Point Sources -- 1.4.3 Transboundary Pollution -- 1.4.4 Problems Caused by Point and Non-Point Sources -- 1.5 Water Pollutants -- 1.5.1 Organic Pollutants -- 1.5.2 Inorganic Pollutants -- 1.5.3 Biological Pollutants -- 1.5.4 Radiological Pollutants -- 1.6 Kinds of Water Pollution -- 1.6.1 Groundwater Pollution -- 1.6.2 Domestic Water Pollution -- 1.6.3 River Water Pollution -- 1.6.4 Surface Water Pollution -- 1.7 Determination of Water Quality Parameters -- 1.7.1 pH -- 1.7.2 Color -- 1.7.3 Turbidity -- 1.7.4 Hardness -- 1.7.5 BOD -- 1.7.6 TDS -- 1.8 Sources of Water Pollution -- 1.8.1 Urbanization -- 1.8.2 Agriculture -- 1.8.3 Industrialization -- 1.8.4 Population Growth -- 1.8.5 Oil Spillage -- 1.9 Effects of Water Pollution on Humans and Animals -- 1.9.1 Diarrheal Diseases -- 1.9.2 Cholera -- 1.9.3 Microcystins -- 1.9.4 Sound Effects of Contamination of Water on Aquatic Animals -- 1.10 Prevention of Water Pollution -- 1.10.1 Strategies -- 1.10.1.1 Water Maintenance -- 1.10.1.2 Wastewater Treatment -- 1.10.1.3 Devices -- 1.10.1.4 Air Pollution Prevention -- 1.10.1.5 Organic Farming -- 1.10.1.6 Stormwater Management -- 1.10.1.7 Plastic Waste Reduction -- 1.10.1.8 Environmental Education -- 1.11 Control and Prevention of Water Pollution by Biotechnology -- 1.12 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 2 Impact of Water Pollution & -- Perspective Techniques to Mitigate It: An Overview -- Graphical Abstract -- 2.1 Introduction -- 2.2 Causes of Water Pollution -- 2.2.1 Discharge -- 2.2.2 Oil Spill -- 2.2.3 Littering -- 2.2.4 Ship Demolition Waste -- 2.3 Effects of Water Pollution on Plant Growth. 327 $a2.4 Techniques of Treating Water Pollution -- 2.4.1 Techniques -- 2.4.1.1 Biofiltration -- 2.4.1.2 Rapid Sand Filter -- 2.4.1.3 Adsorption -- 2.4.1.4 Magnetic Extraction -- 2.4.1.5 Membrane Filtration -- 2.4.1.6 Electrocoagulation -- 2.4.1.7 Activated Sludge -- 2.4.2 Oil Spillage -- 2.4.2.1 Skimming -- 2.4.2.2 Organoclays -- 2.4.2.3 Grease Traps -- 2.4.2.4 Chemical Dispersant/Emulsifier -- 2.4.2.5 In Situ Burning (ISB) -- 2.4.2.6 Magnetic-Nanomaterials -- 2.4.3 Halogenated Aromatic Hydrocarbon -- 2.4.3.1 Bioremediation -- 2.4.3.2 Photocatalytic Degradation -- 2.4.3.3 Electrokinetic Remediation -- 2.4.3.4 Green Nano Remediation -- 2.5 Removal of Pollutants Through Different Nanomaterial -- 2.5.1 Disinfection -- 2.5.1.1 Silver Nanoparticles -- 2.5.1.2 TiO2 Nanoparticles -- 2.5.1.3 Carbon Nano Tubes -- 2.5.2 Desalination -- 2.5.3 Heavy Metal and Ion Removal -- 2.5.4 Organic Pollutant Removal -- 2.5.5 CNTs -- 2.5.6 TiO2 Nanoparticles -- 2.5.7 Zero-Valent Iron -- 2.5.8 Other Nanomaterials -- 2.6 Discussion and Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 3 Pollution of Ground and Surface Waters with Agrochemicals -- 3.1 Introduction -- 3.2 A Recounting of the Global Production and Consumption of Agrochemicals -- 3.2.1 Pesticides -- 3.2.2 Fertilizers -- 3.3 Characteristics of Agrochemicals -- 3.4 Occurrences and Levels of Pollution -- 3.4.1 Pollution of Groundwater -- 3.4.2 Pollution of Surface Waters -- 3.5 Fates of Agrochemicals in Ground and Surface Waters -- 3.6 Emerging Views and Perspectives -- 3.7 Concluding Remarks -- References -- Chapter 4 Fecal Waste Drives Antimicrobial Resistance: Source Tracking, Wastewater Discriminant Analysis and Management -- 4.1 Introduction -- 4.2 Antibiotics/ARB/ARGs: Source Tracking -- 4.3 Fecal Pollution and the Public Health Risks -- 4.3.1 Public Health Risks and Environmental Impacts. 327 $a4.4 Fecal Indicator Bacteria and Discriminant Analysis -- 4.5 Management Strategies to Combat Antibiotic Resistance -- 4.5.1 Technologies Towards ARB/ARGs Removal from Wastewater -- 4.6 Conclusion -- Acknowledgments -- References -- Chapter 5 Harmful Effects of Water Pollution -- 5.1 Introduction -- 5.2 Physical Factors -- 5.2.1 Temperature -- 5.2.2 Heat -- 5.2.3 Suspended Solids -- 5.2.4 Colour -- 5.3 Chemical Factors -- 5.3.1 Lowering of Dissolved Oxygen -- 5.3.2 Oxygen Demanding Material in Water Bodies -- 5.3.2.1 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) -- 5.3.2.2 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) -- 5.3.3 Eutrophication -- 5.3.4 Chemicals Affecting Human Health -- 5.3.4.1 Fluoride -- 5.3.4.2 Nitrate -- 5.3.4.3 Petrochemicals and Chlorinated Solvents -- 5.3.4.4 Pesticides -- 5.3.5 Acidity (pH) -- 5.3.6 Nitrification -- 5.3.7 Acid Rain -- 5.3.8 Characteristics of Pollutants in Stationary Water Bodies -- 5.3.9 Nanoparticles -- 5.3.10 Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) -- 5.3.11 Heavy Metals -- 5.3.11.1 Mercury -- 5.3.11.2 Arsenic -- 5.3.11.3 Lead -- 5.3.12 Salts -- 5.3.13 Radioactive Materials -- 5.3.14 Oils and Grease -- 5.3.15 Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDC) -- 5.4 Biological Factors -- 5.4.1 Ecology of Stationary Water Bodies -- 5.4.2 Algal Blooms -- 5.4.3 Pathogenic Organisms -- 5.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 6 Parasites: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 6.1 Introduction -- 6.1.1 Pathogens -- 6.2 Method of Analysis -- 6.2.1 Sampling Preparations and Procedures -- 6.2.2 Sampling for Parasites -- 6.3 Methods to Find Concentration of Parasites -- 6.3.1 Sedgwick Rafter Method -- 6.3.2 Method of Centrifuge -- 6.3.3 Method of Using Millipore Filter -- 6.4 Procedures for Enumeration of Parasites -- 6.4.1 Standardizing of Tiles Whipple Micron Meter -- 6.4.1.1 Reporting in Cubic Standard Units. 327 $a6.4.2 Drop Method for Counting -- 6.5 Waterborne Protozoan Parasites -- 6.6 Protozoan Parasite Testing in Water -- 6.7 Waterborne Helminths -- 6.8 Water Treatment -- 6.8.1 Chemical Treatment -- 6.8.1.1 Chlorination -- 6.8.1.2 Method of Chloramination -- 6.8.1.3 Method of Applying Chlorine Dioxide -- 6.8.1.4 Ozonation -- 6.8.2 Physical Treatment -- 6.8.2.1 Treatment Using the Ultraviolet (UV) Radiation -- 6.8.3 Treatment Using Mechanical Method -- 6.8.3.1 Method of Membrane Filter -- 6.8.3.2 Radiation -- 6.9 Nanotechnology -- 6.9.1 Silver (Ag) -- 6.9.2 Chitosan -- 6.9.3 Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) -- 6.9.4 Zinc Oxide (ZnO) -- 6.9.5 Fullerenes -- 6.9.6 Nanotubes of Carbon -- 6.10 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 7 Oils: Source, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 7.1 Introduction -- 7.2 Oils Causing Pollution and Their Sources -- 7.3 Method of Analysis -- 7.4 Treatment -- 7.4.1 Treatment Requirements -- 7.4.2 Waste Reduction -- 7.4.3 Management of Cutting Fluids -- 7.4.4 Overview of Treatment Methods -- 7.4.5 Physical Treatment -- 7.4.5.1 Gravity Separation Systems (Separators) -- 7.4.5.2 Hydrocyclones -- 7.4.5.3 Air Flotation -- 7.4.5.4 Membrane Filtration -- 7.4.5.5 Activated Carbon Adsorption -- 7.4.5.6 Filtration (Membranes, Meshes, and Fibers) -- 7.4.5.7 Evaporation -- 7.4.6 Chemical Treatment -- 7.4.6.1 Coagulation and Flocculation -- 7.4.6.2 Electrocoagulation -- 7.4.6.3 Oxidation Technologies -- 7.4.7 Biological Treatments -- 7.4.8 Latest Treatment Trends -- 7.4.8.1 Biological Treatment -- 7.4.8.2 Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) -- 7.4.8.3 Membrane Separation Technology -- 7.4.8.4 Coagulation/Flocculation Technology -- 7.4.8.5 Sorption Technology -- 7.4.9 Treatment Costs -- 7.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 8 Phosphate: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 8.1 Introduction -- 8.2 Sources of Phosphate Pollution in Water. 327 $a8.3 Method of Analysis -- 8.4 Phosphate Removal Treatment -- 8.4.1 Phosphate Removal through Lanthanum and Lanthanum Composite -- 8.4.2 Phosphate Removal by Nanomaterial and Nano Composite -- 8.4.3 Phosphate Removal through Iron and Iron Composite -- 8.4.4 Phosphate Removal by Metal Composite -- 8.4.5 Phosphate Removal by Zirconium and Its Composite -- 8.4.6 Phosphate Removal by Biochar and Biochar-Based Composite -- 8.4.7 Phosphate Removal by Aluminum Oxide Its Composite-Based Absorbent -- 8.4.8 Phosphate Removal by Calcium -- 8.4.9 Phosphate Removal by Organic Metal Framework -- 8.4.10 Phosphate Removal by Waste-Based Adsorbent -- 8.4.11 Phosphate Removal by Clay and Clay Composites -- 8.4.12 Phosphate Removal by Bioremediation -- 8.4.13 Phosphate Removal by Natural Polymer and Its Composite -- 8.4.14 Phosphate Removal by Advanced Methods -- 8.5 Conclusion -- References -- Chapter 9 Endocrine Disruptors: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.1 Introduction -- 9.1.1 Definition of Endocrine Disruptors -- 9.1.2 Main Endocrine Disruptors -- 9.1.2.1 Classification Based on the EU Regulations for REACH -- 9.1.2.2 Other Classifications -- 9.1.3 Human Exposure to EDCs -- 9.1.4 Impact of EDCs on Human Health -- 9.2 Parabens: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.2.1 Sources -- 9.2.2 Method of Analysis -- 9.2.3 Treatment of Parabens -- 9.3 Alkylphenol Ethoxylates: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.3.1 Sources -- 9.3.2 Method of Analysis -- 9.3.3 Treatment -- 9.4 Bisphenols: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.4.1 Sources -- 9.4.2 Method of Analysis -- 9.4.3 Treatment -- 9.5 Phthalates: Sources, Method of Analysis and Treatment -- 9.5.1 Sources -- 9.5.2 Analysis -- 9.5.3 Treatment of Phthalates -- 9.6 Conclusions -- References -- Chapter 10 Water Pollution by Heavy Metals and Their Impact on Human Health. 327 $aAbbreviations. 330 $aThe 'Handbook of Water Pollution' is an extensive compilation edited by Inamuddin, Tariq Altalhi, and Arwa Alrooqi, providing a comprehensive overview of water pollution. It explores various types and sources of water pollutants, including organic, inorganic, biological, and radiological. The book addresses the prevalence and effects of water pollution on humans and the environment, while also discussing the techniques for treating and preventing pollution. Key topics include the impact of agrochemicals, antimicrobial resistance due to fecal waste, and the role of biotechnology in controlling pollution. The book serves as a valuable resource for environmental scientists, policymakers, and educators aiming to understand and mitigate water pollution.$7Generated by AI. 606 $aWater quality management$7Generated by AI 606 $aPollutants$7Generated by AI 615 0$aWater quality management 615 0$aPollutants 676 $a363.7394 700 $aAltalhi$b Tariq$01837387 701 $aAlrooqi$b Arwa$01838449 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911018914303321 996 $aHandbook of Water Pollution$94417426 997 $aUNINA