LEADER 03752nam 22005535 450 001 9911018656803321 005 20250806175318.0 010 $a9783031955044$b(electronic bk.) 010 $z9783031955037 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-031-95504-4 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC32253814 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL32253814 035 $a(CKB)40093111000041 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-031-95504-4 035 $a(EXLCZ)9940093111000041 100 $a20250806d2025 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aSub-State Recognition $eThe Politics of Recognition from Below /$fby Gëzim Visoka, Ramesh Ganohariti 205 $a1st ed. 2025. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer Nature Switzerland :$cImprint: Palgrave Macmillan,$d2025. 215 $a1 online resource (242 pages) 225 1 $aStudies in Diplomacy and International Relations,$x2731-393X 311 08$aPrint version: Visoka, Gëzim Sub-State Recognition Cham : Palgrave Macmillan,c2025 9783031955037 327 $a -- Chapter 1: Introduction: Recognition of States from Below -- Chapter 2: Conceptualising Sub-State Recognition -- Chapter 3: Analysing Sub-State Recognition in Practice -- Chapter 4: Arguments for Sub-State Recognition -- Chapter 5: Types and Impacts of Sub-State Recognition -- Chapter 6: Conclusion: Towards a Pluralistic Perspective. 330 $aThis book examines the rise of sub-state recognition in the theory and practice of international relations and diplomacy. Sub-state recognition occurs when non-sovereign entities, such as regions, cities, or local governments, recognize or support an aspirant state or entity seeking independence or international recognition. Drawing on original empirical data, the book conceptualizes sub-state recognition as a pluriversal diplomatic approach and traces the actors, justifications, and effects in practice. We argue that sub-state recognition manifests as a compensatory and remedial engagement between aspirant states and sub-state entities that shape the dynamics of contested statehood, alter the conservative international recognition regime from the bottom up, and streamline the formation of decentralized approaches to diplomatic recognition. We find that sub-state recognition is a co-constitutive practice that helps aspirant states compensate for the lack of external sovereignty and enables sub-state entities granting such recognition to consolidate their foreign policy identity and regional autonomy. While sub-state recognition does not legally establish an aspirant entity as a state, it may emerge as a crucial symbolic and performative step towards building national consensus for formal recognition by the central government and the international community. Accordingly, the book contributes to expanding and decentring scholarly and policy focus on state recognition by demonstrating that the agency and pathways to diplomatic recognition are more dispersed and decentralized than previously acknowledged. 410 0$aStudies in Diplomacy and International Relations,$x2731-393X 606 $aInternational relations 606 $aDiplomacy 606 $aInternational Relations 606 $aDiplomacy 606 $aForeign Policy 615 0$aInternational relations. 615 0$aDiplomacy. 615 14$aInternational Relations. 615 24$aDiplomacy. 615 24$aForeign Policy. 676 $a320.54 700 $aVisoka$b Ge?zim$0897281 701 $aGanohariti$b Ramesh$01836962 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 912 $a9911018656803321 996 $aSub-State Recognition$94415188 997 $aUNINA