LEADER 03534nam 22006375 450 001 9911015637203321 005 20250724020231.0 010 $a981-9658-37-3 024 7 $a10.1007/978-981-96-5837-4 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC32189444 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL32189444 035 $a(CKB)39567935800041 035 $a(OCoLC)1526861491 035 $a(DE-He213)978-981-96-5837-4 035 $a(EXLCZ)9939567935800041 100 $a20250702d2025 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aCharring Rates of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) from Tropical Hardwood Timber /$fby Zulhazmee Bakri, Zakiah Ahmad 205 $a1st ed. 2025. 210 1$aSingapore :$cSpringer Nature Singapore :$cImprint: Springer,$d2025. 215 $a1 online resource (0 pages) 225 1 $aSpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology,$x2191-5318 311 08$a981-9658-36-5 327 $aEngineered Wood Products as Construction Material -- Fundamentals of Fire and Combustion -- Fire Resistance -- One-Dimensional Charring Rate for Laminated Veneer Lumber from Malaysian Tropical Timber -- Two-Dimensional Charring Rate for Laminated Veneer Lumber from Malaysian Tropical Timber. 330 $aThis book highlights the charring rate performance of LVL made from tropical hardwood according to EN 13381-7 and BS 476 standards. Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) is produced by bonding layers of wood veneers using adhesives, heat, and pressure, resulting in products that are typically stronger, more dimensionally stable, and more resistant to environmental factors than solid timber. This makes LVL highly versatile for use in structural components of buildings. However, there remains limited knowledge about how LVL, particularly those made from tropical hardwood, performs under fire exposure. Understanding the charring process, where the outer wood layers degrade and form a protective char layer insulating the core helps engineers estimate the load-bearing capacity of LVL during a fire. Experimental studies and predictive models are discussed to provide insights into charring behavior under different conditions. The findings contribute to enhancing fire safety design in timber construction, ensuring compliance with international standards and improving the resilience of timber buildings during fire scenarios. 410 0$aSpringerBriefs in Applied Sciences and Technology,$x2191-5318 606 $aFire prevention 606 $aBuildings$xProtection 606 $aBuilding materials 606 $aBuilding information modeling 606 $aFire Science, Hazard Control, Building Safety 606 $aWood, fabric, and textiles 606 $aBuilding Information Modeling 606 $aBuilding Materials 615 0$aFire prevention. 615 0$aBuildings$xProtection. 615 0$aBuilding materials. 615 0$aBuilding information modeling. 615 14$aFire Science, Hazard Control, Building Safety. 615 24$aWood, fabric, and textiles. 615 24$aBuilding Information Modeling. 615 24$aBuilding Materials. 676 $a628.92 700 $aBakri$b Zulhazmee$01833161 701 $aAhmad$b Zakiah$01585407 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911015637203321 996 $aCharring Rates of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) from Tropical Hardwood Timber$94408072 997 $aUNINA