LEADER 06146nam 22008053 450 001 9911009285403321 005 20250523181839.0 010 $a9780750331425 010 $a0750331429 010 $a9780750331432 010 $a0750331437 024 7 $a10.1088/978-0-7503-3143-2 035 $a(CKB)5590000000002004 035 $a(CaBNVSL)thg00981215 035 $a(OCoLC)1182503054 035 $a(IOP)9780750331432 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC31253215 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL31253215 035 $a(OCoLC)1429741668 035 $a(EXLCZ)995590000000002004 100 $a20250523d2020 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||m|||a 181 $2rdacontent 182 $2isbdmedia 183 $2rdacarrier 200 10$aDefining and measuring nature $ethe make of all things /$fJeffrey Huw Williams 205 $aSecond edition. 210 1$aBristol [England] (Temple Circus, Temple Way, Bristol BS1 6HG, UK) :$cIOP Publishing,$d[2020] 215 $a1 online resource (various pagings) $cillustrations (some color) 225 1 $aIOP ebooks 300 $a"Version: 20200701"--Title page verso. 311 08$a9780750331449 311 08$a0750331445 311 08$a9780750331418 311 08$a0750331410 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aIntroduction : the origin of observation and measurement -- 1. Measurement in antiquity -- 1.1. Man is the measure of all things -- 1.2. Seeds and cosmic forces -- 1.3. The Bronze-Age -- 1.4. Ancient time metrology : the calendar -- 1.5. The Roman Empire 327 $a2. Measurement in the early modern period -- 2.1. 'Measured by the King's iron rod' -- 2.2. Measuring the world -- 2.3. The pendulum : the world's first precision measuring device -- 2.4. 'Dear boy ...' 327 $a3. Measurement in the modern world (I) -- 3.1. Surveying and measuring the Earth -- 3.2. The circumference of the Earth -- 3.3. The Chinese survey -- 3.4. La Re?volution Franc?aise -- 3.5. Defining the size of the world -- 3.6. The metric survey -- 3.7. The error in all things 327 $a4. Measurement in the modern world (II) -- 4.1. Envy, money, terror, and the metric system -- 4.2. The endgame -- 4.3. Avez-vous l'heure s'il vous plait? -- 4.4. Falling out of favour with the metric system 327 $a5. Creating the language that is science -- 5.1. Dividing apples with oranges to make ... something different -- 5.2. The consequences of mixing units -- 5.3. Derived units -- 5.4. A final comment on the value of a quantity 327 $a6. What was not in the original metric system? -- 6.1. Energy, work, and power -- 6.2. Electricity -- 6.3. The molecule meme -- 6.4. Unit conversion in electromagnetism 327 $a7. Measurement in the age of scientific certainty -- 7.1. The Convention du me?tre -- 7.2. Confe?rence ge?ne?rale des poids et mesures (CGPM) -- 7.3. Comite? international des poids et mesures (CIPM) -- 7.4. Bureau international des poids et mesures (BIPM) 327 $a8. A true universal language : the SI -- 8.1. Even scientists cannot always agree on units 327 $a9. 20th century confusions and refinements in measurement -- 9.1. International politics -- 9.2. Events at the BIPM during the Fall of France, June 1940 -- 9.3. Two peoples separated by a common system of weights and measures 327 $a10. The birth of the Quantum-SI -- 10.1. The need for change -- 10.2. The problem that was the kilogram -- 10.3. The background to the redefinition 327 $a11. The base units of the Syste?me International des Unites (I) -- 11.1. The base unit of length is the metre (m) -- 11.2. The base unit of mass is the kilogram (kg) -- 11.3. The base unit of electric current is the ampere (A) -- 11.4. The base unit of thermodynamic temperature is the kelvin (K) -- 11.5. The base unit of light intensity is the candela (cd) -- 11.6. The base unit of amount of substance is the mole (mol) 327 $a12. The base units of the Syste?me International des Unites (II) -- 12.1. The base unit of time is the second (s) -- 12.2. The future of frequency standards -- 12.3. The mechanism of an optical clock -- 12.4. Secondary representations of the second -- 12.5. Possible applications of optical clocks 327 $a13. The new Syste?me international des unites -- 13.1. Some further details of the Quantum-SI -- 13.2. Experimental measurements of the elementary charge, e -- 13.3. The problem of the permeability of space in the new SI -- 13.4. Determination of the Planck constant -- 13.5. Measurement of NA by x-ray diffraction 327 $a14. For this is science -- 14.1. Units of measurement must evolve, because science evolves -- 14.2. The constants of Nature -- 14.3. Final thoughts on the evolution of units of measurement. 330 3 $aMeasurement forms an essential part of our view of the world. Our world is measured and calibrated, and we are all subject to the tyranny of these numbers. In this updated and extended edition, Jeffrey Huw Williams outlines the history of measurement; particularly of the International System of units (SI). Since the previous edition, the base units of the SI have been redefined; realising a 150-year-old dream for a measurement system based on unchanging, fundamental quantities of nature. This change has created a new SI, a Quantum-SI, which will significantly change the way we look at nature in a quantitative manner, and greatly facilitate the advance of science. 410 0$aIOP ebooks. 517 3 $aMake of all things. 606 $aWeights and measures$xHistory 606 $aMeasurement$xHistory 606 $aMetric system$xHistory 615 0$aWeights and measures$xHistory. 615 0$aMeasurement$xHistory. 615 0$aMetric system$xHistory. 676 $a530.8/1 700 $aWilliams$b Jeffrey H$g(Jeffrey Huw),$f1956-$01837061 712 02$aInstitute of Physics (Great Britain), 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911009285403321 996 $aDefining and measuring nature$94415407 997 $aUNINA