LEADER 01182nam--2200373---450- 001 990003402210203316 005 20100520121147.0 010 $a2-247-06996-7 035 $a000340221 035 $aUSA01000340221 035 $a(ALEPH)000340221USA01 035 $a000340221 100 $a20100520d2006----km-y0itay50------ba 101 $afre 102 $aFR 105 $a||||||||001yy 200 1 $aEtudes sur le droit de la concurrence et quelques thèmes fondamentaux$emélanges en l'honneur d'Yves Serra 210 $aParis$cDalloz$d2006 215 $aXXVI, 487 p.$c1 ritratto$d25 cm 410 0$12001 606 0 $aConcorrenza$xLegislazione$yFrancia$2BNCF 676 $a343.4407 702 1$aSERRA,$bYves 801 0$aIT$bsalbc$gISBD 912 $a990003402210203316 951 $aXXI.4. 501$b65485 G.$cXXI.4.$d00258824 959 $aBK 969 $aGIU 979 $aIANNONE$b90$c20100520$lUSA01$h1112 979 $aIANNONE$b90$c20100520$lUSA01$h1114 979 $aIANNONE$b90$c20100520$lUSA01$h1116 979 $aIANNONE$b90$c20100520$lUSA01$h1211 996 $aEtudes sur le droit de la concurrence et quelques thèmes fondamentaux$91126448 997 $aUNISA LEADER 05941nam 22005533 450 001 9911007141703321 005 20240205163539.0 010 $a9781523145041 010 $a1523145048 010 $a9781569908297 010 $a156990829X 010 $a9781569908280 010 $a1569908281 035 $a(CKB)4100000011741927 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC6506670 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL6506670 035 $a(OCoLC)1240579721 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC31349387 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL31349387 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000011741927 100 $a20210901h20202020 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aCarbon Fibers $eProduction, Applications, Processing /$fHauke Lengsfeld, Hendrik Mainka, Volker Altstädt 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aMu?nchen :$cHanser,$d2020. 210 4$d©2020. 215 $a1 online resource (221 pages) 311 08$a9781569908280 311 08$a1569908281 327 $aIntro -- The Authors -- Dr.-Ing. Hauke Lengsfeld -- Dr.-Ing. Hendrik Mainka -- Prof.?Dr.-Ing. Volker Altsta?dt -- Preface -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- Contents -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Carbon and Its Properties -- 2.1 Structure of the Carbon Atom and Atomic Model of Carbon -- 2.1.1 Rutherford's and Bohr's Atomic Models -- 2.1.2 Atomic Orbitals and Hybridization -- 2.2 Modifications of Carbon -- 2.3 Structural Forms of Carbon -- 2.3.1 Diamond - The Diamond Structure (sp3) -- 2.3.2 Graphite - The Graphite Structure (sp2) -- 2.3.3 Triple Bonding (sp1) -- 2.3.4 Other Forms of Carbon -- 2.3.4.1 Fullerenes -- 2.3.4.2 Carbon Nanotubes -- 2.3.4.3 Carbon Black -- 2.3.4.4 Activated Carbon -- 2.3.4.5 Carbon Fibers -- 3 Carbon Fibers -- 3.1 Precursor Manufacturing -- 3.1.1 Wet Spinning -- 3.1.2 Melt Spinning -- 3.1.3 Precursors -- 3.1.3.1 Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) -- 3.1.3.2 Mesophase Pitch -- 3.1.3.3 Further Precursors -- 3.2 Production of Carbon Fibers -- 3.2.1 Precursor Stabilization/Stabilization Process -- 3.2.2 Carbonization and Graphitization -- 3.3 Surface Treatment and Fiber Sizing -- 3.3.1 Sizing (Preparation) -- 3.3.2 Sizing Levels and Sizing Types -- 3.4 Properties and Types -- 3.4.1 Properties of Carbon Fibers -- 3.4.2 Carbon Fiber Types -- 3.5 Manufacturers and Costs -- 3.5.1 Manufacturers of Precursors and Carbon Fibers -- 3.5.2 Manufacturing Costs -- 3.5.3 Manufacturing Capacities -- 3.5.4 Suppliers of Process Technologies -- 4 Characterization of Carbon Fibers -- 4.1 Test Methods on Dry Yarn -- 4.1.1 Density Determination -- 4.1.2 Determination of Linear Density -- 4.1.3 Determination of the Filament Diameter -- 4.1.4 Determination of the Preparation Mass Fraction -- 4.1.5 Determination of Mechanical Parameters on Dry Yarn -- 4.1.6 Roving Test -- 4.1.7 Drape Test -- 4.1.8 Surface Activity and Impregnability. 327 $a4.2 Test Method on Impregnated Yarn -- 4.2.1 Determination of Tensile Strength -- 4.2.2 Fiber-Matrix Interphase -- 4.2.2.1 Testing by Pull-Out Test -- 4.2.2.2 Testing by Push-Out Test -- 4.2.2.3 Fragmentation Test -- 4.2.2.4 Broutman Test -- 4.2.2.5 Testing in a Scanning Electron Microscope -- 4.3 Spectroscopic Test Methods for Carbon Fibers -- 4.3.1 Chemical Characterization of Carbon Fibers and Their Precursors -- 4.3.1.1 Elemental Analysis -- 4.3.1.2 Mass Spectroscopy -- 4.3.1.3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy - NMR -- 4.3.1.4 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy - IR Spectroscopy -- 4.3.2 Chemical Structure Elucidation of Carbon Fibers -- 4.3.2.1 Raman Spectroscopy -- 4.3.2.2 X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy, XPS -- 5 Applications of Carbon Fibers -- 5.1 Introductory Remarks -- 5.2 Dry Semi-Finished Fiber Products -- 5.2.1 PREOX Fibers -- 5.2.2 Carbon Fibers -- 5.2.2.1 Carbon Fibers, Continuous -- 5.2.2.2 Carbon Fibers, Cut or Ground -- 5.3 Pre-Impregnated Semi-Finished Fiber Products -- 5.3.1 Applications: UD Prepreg (Thermoset) -- 5.3.2 Applications: Fabric and Scrim Prepreg (Thermoset) -- 5.3.3 Applications: C-SMC/C-BMC -- 5.3.4 Applications: Organotapes -- 5.3.5 Applications: Organosheet -- 6 Recycling and Sustainability -- 6.1 Introductory Remarks -- 6.2 Recycling Cycle and Challenges -- 6.2.1 Process and Plant Challenges -- 6.2.2 The Challenge of Fiber Quality -- 6.3 The Challenge of Waste Treatment -- 6.4 Recycling Processes for Carbon Fibers and CFRP -- 6.4.1 Mechanical Shredding -- 6.4.2 Pyrolysis Process -- 6.4.3 Fluidized Bed Process -- 6.4.4 Solvolysis -- 6.4.5 Chemical Direct Use -- 6.4.6 Electrodynamic Fragmentation -- 6.4.7 New Processes -- 6.4.8 Overview and Comparison of Procedures -- 6.4.9 Hazards and Health Aspects -- 6.5 rCF Products and Applications -- 6.6 Producers -- 6.7 Challenges and Trends. 327 $a7 New Developments -- 7.1 Alternative Precursors -- 7.1.1 Polyethylene -- 7.1.2 Cellulose -- 7.1.3 Lignin -- 7.1.4 Textile PAN -- 7.1.5 Lignin/PAN Blends -- 7.1.6 Nanofibers and Carbon Nanotubes -- 7.2 Alternative Processes -- 7.2.1 Plasma Oxidation -- 7.2.2 Use of Additives -- 7.2.3 Natural Gas Burner -- 7.3 Outlook -- Index. 330 $aProvides a hands-on approach to making carbon fibers and their composites for those who need to use these materials. The book gives an excellent overview of the chemical and physical properties of carbon fibers and their composites. In addition, common test and analysis methods for demonstrating these properties are presented. 606 $aCarbon fibers 615 0$aCarbon fibers. 700 $aLengsfeld$b Hauke$01822481 701 $aMainka$b Hendrik$01824563 701 $aAltsta?dt$b V$01369058 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9911007141703321 996 $aCarbon Fibers$94391783 997 $aUNINA