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024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-031-86946-4
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100   $a20250428d2025      u|         0
101 0 $aeng
135   $aur|||||||||||
181   $ctxt$2rdacontent
182   $cc$2rdamedia
183   $acr$2rdacarrier
200 14$aThe Combinatory Systems Theory $eA Powerful Theory for Understanding, Modeling and Simulating Collective Phenomena /$fby Piero Mella
205   $a2nd ed. 2025.
210  1$aCham :$cSpringer Nature Switzerland :$cImprint: Springer,$d2025.
215   $a1 online resource (XXI, 381 p. 159 illus., 152 illus. in color.) 
225 1 $aProgress in IS,$x2196-8713
311 08$a3-031-86945-1 
327   $aThe Theory of Combinatory Systems -- The Observable Variety Heuristic Models of Combinatory Systems -- Simulation Models The Combinatory Automaton -- The Heuristic Value of Combinatory Systems Theory.
330   $aThis book adopts the logic of Systems Thinking and Control Systems, presenting a simple but complete theory called the Theory of Combinatory Systems. This new theory describes, interprets, explains, and simulates collective phenomena and their observable effects. Such collective phenomena ? many of which are ?one way", non-repeatable or reproducible ? can all be described and understood using the model, as simple as it is general, of combinatory systems; that is, systems formed by collectivities, or populations of non-connected and unorganized individuals of some species, which appear to be directed by an invisible hand that guides the analogous actions of similar individuals in order to produce an emerging collective phenomenon. This edition includes enhanced theories such as an analysis of potential interactions between combinatory systems and their dynamics, highlighting the role of the environment in which such systems operate. It also includes new examples and enhanced figures that illustrate how combinatory systems are observed in social, biological and physical contexts.
410  0$aProgress in IS,$x2196-8713
606   $aKnowledge management
606   $aSystem theory
606   $aSocial sciences$xData processing
606   $aKnowledge Management
606   $aComplex Systems
606   $aComputer Application in Social and Behavioral Sciences
615  0$aKnowledge management.
615  0$aSystem theory.
615  0$aSocial sciences$xData processing.
615 14$aKnowledge Management.
615 24$aComplex Systems.
615 24$aComputer Application in Social and Behavioral Sciences.
676   $a658.4038
700   $aMella$b Piero$4aut$4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut$0437455
801  0$bMiAaPQ
801  1$bMiAaPQ
801  2$bMiAaPQ
906   $aBOOK
912   $a9910999676503321
996   $aThe Combinatory Systems Theory$91925361
997   $aUNINA