LEADER 05867nam 2200841 450 001 9910822106503321 005 20231110215304.0 010 $a1-119-82544-X 010 $a1-118-86655-X 010 $a1-118-86658-4 035 $a(CKB)3800000000007022 035 $a(EBL)1840832 035 $a(OCoLC)896796349 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001367686 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12584674 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001367686 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11444671 035 $a(PQKB)10890177 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)16047592 035 $a(PQKB)23187911 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1840832 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10984186 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL663025 035 $a(OCoLC)886382461 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL7104151 035 $a(CaSebORM)9781118866559 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1840832 035 $a(JP-MeL)3000111674 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC7104151 035 $a(EXLCZ)993800000000007022 100 $a20141120h20152015 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aCommunication acoustics $ean introduction to speech, audio and psychoacoustics /$fVille Pulkki and Matti Karjalainen 210 1$aChichester, England :$cWiley,$d2015. 210 4$d2015 215 $a1 online resource (457 p.) 225 1 $aNew York Academy of Sciences 300 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index 311 $a1-322-31743-7 311 $a1-118-86654-1 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references at the end of each chapters and index. 327 $a""Communication Acoustics: An Introduction to Speech, Audio, and Psychoacoustics""; ""Copyright""; ""Contents""; ""About the Authors""; ""Preface""; ""Preface to the Unfinished Manuscript of the Book""; ""Introduction""; ""Chapter 1 How to Study and Develop Communication Acoustics""; ""1.1 Domains of Knowledge""; ""1.2 Methodology of Research and Development""; ""1.3 Systems Approach to Modelling""; ""1.4 About the Rest of this Book""; ""1.5 Focus of the Book""; ""1.6 Intended Audience""; ""References""; ""Chapter 2 Physics of Sound""; ""2.1 Vibration and Wave Behaviour of Sound"" 327 $a""2.1.1 From Vibration to Waves""""2.1.2 A Simple Vibrating System""; ""2.1.3 Resonance""; ""2.1.4 Complex Mass Spring Systems""; ""2.1.5 Modal Behaviour""; ""2.1.6 Waves""; ""2.2 Acoustic Measures and Quantities""; ""2.2.1 Sound and Voice as Signals""; ""2.2.2 Sound Pressure""; ""2.2.3 Sound Pressure Level""; ""2.2.4 Sound Power""; ""2.2.5 Sound Intensity""; ""2.2.6 Computation with Amplitude and Level Quantities""; ""2.3 Wave Phenomena""; ""2.3.1 Spherical Waves""; ""2.3.2 Plane Waves and the Wave Field in a Tube""; ""2.3.3 Wave Propagation in Solid Materials"" 327 $a""2.3.4 Reflection, Absorption, and Refraction""""2.3.5 Scattering and Diffraction""; ""2.3.6 Doppler Effect""; ""2.4 Sound in Closed Spaces: Acoustics of Rooms and Halls""; ""2.4.1 Sound Field in a Room""; ""2.4.2 Reverberation""; ""2.4.3 Sound Pressure Level in a Room""; ""2.4.4 Modal Behaviour of Sound in a Room""; ""2.4.5 Computational Modelling of Closed Space Acoustics""; ""Summary""; ""Further Reading""; ""References""; ""Chapter 3 Signal Processing and Signals""; ""3.1 Signals""; ""3.1.1 Sounds as Signals""; ""3.1.2 Typical Signals""; ""3.2 Fundamental Concepts of Signal Processing"" 327 $a""3.2.1 Linear and Time-Invariant Systems""""3.2.2 Convolution""; ""3.2.3 Signal Transforms""; ""3.2.4 Fourier Analysis and Synthesis""; ""3.2.5 Spectrum Analysis""; ""3.2.6 Timea???Frequency Representations""; ""3.2.7 Filter Banks""; ""3.2.8 Auto- and Cross-Correlation""; ""3.2.9 Cepstrum""; ""3.3 Digital Signal Processing (DSP)""; ""3.3.1 Sampling and Signal Conversion""; ""3.3.2 Z Transform""; ""3.3.3 Filters as LTI Systems""; ""3.3.4 Digital Filtering""; ""3.3.5 Linear Prediction""; ""3.3.6 Adaptive Filtering""; ""3.4 Hidden Markov Models"" 327 $a""3.5 Concepts of Intelligent and Learning Systems""""Summary""; ""Further Reading""; ""References""; ""Chapter 4 Electroacoustics and Responses of Audio Systems""; ""4.1 Electroacoustics""; ""4.1.1 Loudspeakers""; ""4.1.2 Microphones""; ""4.2 Audio System Responses""; ""4.2.1 Measurement of System Response""; ""4.2.2 Ideal Reproduction of Sound""; ""4.2.3 Impulse Response and Magnitude Response""; ""4.2.4 Phase Response""; ""4.2.5 Non-Linear Distortion""; ""4.2.6 Signal-to-Noise Ratio""; ""4.3 Response Equalization""; ""Summary""; ""Further Reading""; ""References"" 327 $a""Chapter 5 Human Voice"" 330 $aIn communication acoustics, the communication channel consists of a sound source, a channel (acoustic and/or electric) and finally the receiver: the human auditory system, a complex and intricate system that shapes the way sound is heard. Thus, when developing techniques in communication acoustics, such as in speech, audio and aided hearing, it is important to understand the time-frequency-space resolution of hearing. This book facilitates the reader's understanding and development of speech and audio techniques based on our knowledge of the auditory perceptual mechanisms by introducing the 410 0$aNew York Academy of Sciences 606 $aSound$xRecording and reproducing 606 $aHearing 606 $aPsychoacoustics 606 $aSound 615 0$aSound$xRecording and reproducing. 615 0$aHearing. 615 0$aPsychoacoustics. 615 0$aSound. 676 $a620.2 686 $a547$2njb/09 686 $a620.2$2njb/09 700 $aPulkki$b Ville$01593275 702 $aKarjalainen$b Matti$f1946-2010, 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910822106503321 996 $aCommunication acoustics$93980496 997 $aUNINA LEADER 13239nam 2200997 a 450 001 9910974428603321 005 20251017110119.0 010 $a9786610211968 010 $a9781280211966 010 $a1280211962 010 $a9780309537223 010 $a0309537223 010 $a9780585028248 010 $a0585028249 035 $a(CKB)111004366659566 035 $a(OCoLC)559100678 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10060395 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000242640 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11218724 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000242640 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10320488 035 $a(PQKB)11781907 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376828 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376828 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10060395 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL21196 035 $a(OCoLC)814277954 035 $a(Perlego)4736587 035 $a(DNLM)703560 035 $a(BIP)21781863 035 $a(EXLCZ)99111004366659566 100 $a19901129d1991 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aSeafood safety /$fCommittee on Evaluation of the Safety of Fishery Products, Food and Nutrition Board, Institute of Medicine ; Farid E. Ahmed, editor 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1991 215 $a1 online resource (448 p.) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 08$a9780309103749 311 08$a0309103746 311 08$a9780309043878 311 08$a0309043875 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aSEAFOOD SAFETY -- Copyright -- Preface -- Contents -- 1 Executive Summary -- OVERVIEW -- NATURE AND EXTENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH RISKS -- General -- Microorganisms and Parasites -- Extent of Risk -- Principal Conclusions -- Principal Recommendations -- Natural Toxins -- Extent of Risk -- Principal Conclusions -- Principal Recommendations -- Chemical Residues -- Extent of Risk -- Principal Conclusions -- Principal Recommendations -- SCOPE AND ADEQUACY OF CURRENT SEAFOOD SAFETY PROGRAMS -- Regulatory Guidelines, Monitoring, and Inspection -- Principal Conclusions -- Principal Recommendations -- OPTIONS FOR REDUCING PUBLIC HEALTH RISKS -- Monitoring, Control, and Surveillance Measures -- Characteristics of Control Requirements -- Legislative Considerations -- Education and Information Measures -- Recommendations for Improved Inspection Strategies -- POTENTIAL IMPACT OF PROPOSED OPTIONS -- DIRECTION FOR DATA COLLECTION AND FUTURE RESEARCH -- 2 Seafood Production, Distribution, and Consumption -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- DEMOGRAPHICS OF THE SEAFOOD INDUSTRY -- FISHERY RESOURCES -- AQUACULTURE -- CONSUMPTION TRENDS -- ACTIVITIES IN OTHER COUNTRIES -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- REFERENCES -- 3 Microbiological and Parasitic Exposure and Health Effects -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- PATHOGENS NATURALLY PRESENT IN MARINE OR FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENTS -- Naturally Occurring Marine Bacteria Associated with Human Disease -- Vibrio cholerae O1 -- Epidemiology and risk assessment -- Disease control -- Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae of O Groups Other Than 1) -- Epidemiology and risk assessment -- Disease control -- Vibrio parahaemolyticus -- Epidemiology and risk assessment -- Disease control -- Vibrio vulnificus -- Epidemiology and risk assessment -- Disease control -- Other Vibrio Species -- Aeromonas -- Plesiomonas. 327 $aHelminthic Agents Present in Seafood -- Trematodes -- Cestodes -- Nematodes -- Other Nematodes -- PATHOGENS ASSOCIATED WITH FECAL POLLUTION OF THE MARINE OR FRESHWATER ENVIRONMENT -- Viral Human Enteric Pathogens -- Hepatitis Type A (Enterovirus Type 72) -- Caliciviruses and Astroviruses -- Unclassified Viruses -- Disease Control for Human Enteric Viruses -- PROCESSING, DISTRIBUTION, AND PREPARATION-RELATED PUBLIC HEALTH HAZARDS -- Bacterial Pathogens -- Salmonella -- Epidemiology and risk assessment -- Disease control -- Campylobacter jejuni -- Escherichia coli -- Yersinia enterocolitica -- Listeria -- Epidemiology and risk assessment -- Disease control -- Clostridium botulinum -- Epidemiology and risk assessment -- Disease control -- Shigella -- Staphylococcus aureus -- Viral Pathogens -- Impact of Processing Technology -- Heat Treatment -- Modified Atmospheres and Vacuum Packaging -- PUBLIC HEALTH RISK ASSESSMENT -- Risk Assessment -- Hazard Identification -- Dose-Response Assessment -- Exposure Assessment -- Risk Characterization -- Risk Management -- Pathogens in Marine or Freshwater Environments -- Pathogens Associated with Pollution -- Pathogens Associated with Processing and Distribution -- Imports -- Future Risk -- Ethnic foods and regional considerations -- Aquaculture -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Conclusions -- Raw Molluscan Shellfish -- Other Seafoods -- Recommendations -- Specific Recommendations for Raw Molluscan Shellfish -- General Recommendations for All Seafoods -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 4 Naturally Occurring Fish and Shellfish Poisons -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SPECIFIC INTOXICATIONS -- Ciguatera -- Scombroid (Histamine) Fish Poisoning -- Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) -- Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP) -- Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) -- Puffer Fish Poisoning (PFP) -- Amnesic Shellfish Poisoning (ASP). 327 $aOther Toxins -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTE -- REFERENCES -- 5 Occurrence of Chemical Contaminants in Seafood and Variability of Contaminant Levels -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- TOXIC AGENTS AND POTENTIAL TYPES OF HEALTH EFFECTS -- Metals and Other Inorganics -- Specific Trace Metals -- Arsenic -- Cadmium -- Lead -- Mercury -- Selenium -- Organic Compounds -- Specific Organics -- Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) -- Dioxins -- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) -- Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides -- Contamination Problems in Aquaculture -- Sulfonamides -- Antibiotics -- Nitrofurans -- Conclusions -- Contaminants as a Result of Processing -- Nitrosamines -- Products of chlorination, bromination, and iodination -- Residues of ozonation -- Sulfites -- DATA ON THE DISTRIBUTION OF CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION -- Introduction -- National Status and Trends Program -- Federal Survey of PCBs in Atlantic Coast Bluefish -- National Contaminant Biomonitoring Program -- Regional Reports -- EVIDENCE FOR TRACE-METAL AND ORGANIC CONTAMINATION -- Molluscan Shellfish -- Trace Metals -- Arsenic (As) -- Cadmium (Cd) -- Lead (Pb) -- Mercury (Hg) -- Selenium (Se) -- Organics -- Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Polyaromatic hydrocarbons -- Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides -- Finfish -- Trace Metals -- Arsenic -- Cadmium -- Lead -- Mercury -- Selenium -- Organics -- Polychlorinated biphenyls -- Dioxins -- Chlorinated hydrocarbon pesticides -- Conclusions -- POTENTIAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR REDUCING EXPOSURES -- Analysis of Potential Benefits from Geographic Restrictions on Harvesting/Marketing -- Analysis of Potential for Reducing Population Exposure to Mercury from Swordfish and PCBs from Bluefish via Size Restrictions -- NOTES -- APPENDIX TO CHAPTER 5 -- PRESENT STATUS OF DOSE-RESPONSE DATA FOR TRACE METALS OF GREATEST POTENTIAL TOXICITY -- Arsenic -- Cadmium. 327 $aLead -- Mercury -- Selenium -- Conclusions -- REFERENCES -- 6 Chemical Health Risk Assessment-Critique of Existing Practices and Suggestions for Improvement -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- BROAD CATEGORIZATION OF MECHANISMS OF DIFFERENT ADVERSE EFFECTS AND IMPLICATIONS FOR DOSE-RESPONSE RELATIONSHIPS -- Traditional Acute Toxicity -- Traditional Chronic Toxicity -- Molecular Biological (Stochastic Process) Diseases -- Chronic Cumulative Conditions -- CRITIQUE OF RISK ASSESSMENTS USED IN FORMULATING CONTAMINANT GUIDELINES/TOLERANCES FOR SPECIFIC CHEMICALS AND SUGGESTIONS? -- Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) -- Background -- FDA Assessment of Costs and Risks for PCBs in Fish -- Suggestions for Improved Analysis -- Methylmercury -- FDA Risk Assessment and Current Regulations -- Available Data on Blood Levels in the U.S. Population -- Methylmercury dose, blood levels, and population risks -- Conclusions and Recommendations for Changes in Risk Assessment Practices -- ESTIMATING HUMAN INTAKE OF CONTAMINANTS FROM SEAFOOD AND SOME ASSOCIATED RISKS -- Review of Data Bases Available for Estimating Exposures -- FDA Total Diet Study -- FDA Pesticide Monitoring Files -- National Marine Fisheries Service Survey -- Fisheries of the United States, 1987 -- Exposures from Sport, Subsistence, and Tribal Fishing -- Exposures from Commercial Seafood -- Dietary Intake of Seafood of Various Species -- Inorganic Contaminant Exposures and Suggested Acceptable Intake -- Use of NMFS Survey of Trace-Element Data -- Antimony -- Arsenic -- Cadmium -- Chromium -- Lead -- Mercury -- Selenium -- Estimates Of Cancer Risks From Organic Contaminants -- Comparison of Imported and Domestic Seafood -- Exposures from Sport, Subsistence, and Tribal Fishing -- Puget Sound Contaminated Recreational Fish Study -- Regional Studies of Contaminants -- Atlantic Coast Bluefish Contamination. 327 $aSouthern California Sport Fishery -- Conclusions -- Consumer Information and Labeling Programs, and Fishing Advisories -- PROBABLE HEALTH RISKS FROM FISH AND SHELLFISH CONSUMPTION-RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RESEARCH -- Classic Acute and Chronic Toxic Effects -- Reproductive Effects -- Carcinogenesis -- Chronic Cumulative Toxic Effects -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- Significance of the Risk -- Potential for Control -- Performance of Current Federal Regulatory Authorities in Assessing and Managing Risks -- Data Gathering for Risk and Control Analysis -- Risk Assessment Practices -- Risk Management -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 7 Statistical Sampling Issues in the Control of Seafood Hazards -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- SURVEILLANCE AND COMPLIANCE SAMPLING -- ATTRIBUTES AND VARIABLES SAMPLING PLANS -- Two-Class Attributes Plans -- Three-Class Attributes Plans -- Most Probable Number (MPN) -- SURVEY OF CURRENT SAMPLING PLANS -- Salmonella Sampling Plans -- Staphylococcus aureus Plans -- Plans for Fish, Fresh or Frozen -- Fish-Adulteration by Parasites -- Crabmeat-Adulteration with Filth Containing Escherichia coli -- Langostinos-Adulteration by Bacterial Contamination -- Canned Salmon-Adulteration Involving Decomposition -- Shrimp - Adulteration Involving Decomposition -- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- NOTES -- REFERENCES -- 8 Seafood Surveillance and Control Programs -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- RESPONSIBILITIES AND PROGRAMS OF THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT -- Standards and Guidelines -- Tolerances -- Action Levels -- Seafood Deemed Injurious to Public Health -- National Shellfish Sanitation Program -- Inspection and Enforcement -- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency -- U.S. Food and Drug Administration -- Import control program -- Routine and periodic surveys for residual chemicals -- National Marine Fisheries Service -- Training and Educational Programs. 327 $aPublic Health Monitoring. 330 $aCan Americans continue to add more seafood to their diets without fear of illness or even death? Seafood-caused health problems are not widespread, but consumers are at risk from seafood-borne microbes and toxins--with consequences that can range from mild enteritis to fatal illness. At a time when legislators and consumer groups are seeking a sound regulatory approach, Seafood Safety presents a comprehensive set of practical recommendations for ensuring the safety of the seafood supply. This volume presents the first-ever overview of the field, covering seafood consumption patterns, where and how seafood contamination occurs, and the effectiveness of regulation. A wealth of technical information is presented on the sources of contamination--microbes, natural toxins, and chemical pollutants--and their effects on human health. The volume evaluates methods used for risk assessment and inspection sampling. 606 $aSeafood$xHealth aspects 606 $aSeafood$xSafety measures 606 $aSeafood$xContamination 606 $aFishes$xmicrobiology 606 $aFood Contamination 606 $aFood Inspection$xstandards 606 $aFoodborne Diseases$xprevention & control 606 $aFood Supply$xstandards 606 $aMarine Toxins 606 $aQuality Control 606 $aShellfish Poisoning 615 0$aSeafood$xHealth aspects. 615 0$aSeafood$xSafety measures. 615 0$aSeafood$xContamination. 615 2$aFishes$xmicrobiology. 615 2$aFood Contamination. 615 2$aFood Inspection$xstandards. 615 2$aFoodborne Diseases$xprevention & control. 615 2$aFood Supply$xstandards. 615 2$aMarine Toxins. 615 2$aQuality Control. 615 2$aShellfish Poisoning. 676 $a363.19/29 701 $aAhmed$b Farid E$01786420 712 02$aInstitute of Medicine (U.S.).$bCommittee on Evaluation of the Safety of Fishery Products. 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910974428603321 996 $aSeafood safety$94318045 997 $aUNINA