LEADER 03948nam 2200589 a 450 001 9910973819703321 005 20251116141106.0 010 $a9780309183819 010 $a0309183812 010 $a9780309558204 010 $a0309558204 010 $a9780309528597 010 $a0309528593 035 $a(CKB)110986584753056 035 $a(EBL)3375515 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3375515 035 $a(Perlego)4739617 035 $a(BIP)53857185 035 $a(BIP)7029374 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584753056 100 $a20001124d2000 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aIssues in the integration of research and operational satellite systems for climate research /$fCommittee on Earth Studies, Space Studies Board, Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Applications, National Research Council 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$dc2000 215 $a1 online resource (98 p.) 225 1 $aCompass series 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9780309069946 311 08$a0309069947 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $a1. Science and design -- 2. Implementation. 330 $aThis is the second of two Space Studies Board reports that address the complex issue of incorporating the needs of climate research into the National Polar-orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS). NPOESS, which has been driven by the imperative of reliably providing short-term weather information, is itself a union of heretofore separate civilian and military programs. It is a marriage of convenience to eliminate needless duplication and reduce cost, one that appears to be working. The same considerations of expediency and economy motivate the present attempts to add to NPOESS the goals of climate research. The technical complexities of combining seemingly disparate requirements are accompanied by the programmatic complexities of forging further connections among three different agencies, with different mandates, cultures, and congressional appropriators. Yet the stakes are very high, and each agency gains significantly by finding ways to cooperate, as do the taxpayers. Beyond cost savings, benefits include the possibility that long-term climate observations will reveal new phenomena of interest to weather forecasters, as happened with the El Nin?o/Southern Oscillation. Conversely, climate researchers can often make good use of operational data. Necessity is the mother of invention, and the needs of all the parties involved in NPOESS should conspire to foster creative solutions to make this effort work. Although it has often been said that research and operational requirements are incommensurate, this report and the phase one report (Science and Design) accentuate the degree to which they are complementary and could be made compatible. The reports provide guidelines for achieving the desired integration to the mutual benefit of all parties. Although a significant level of commitment will be needed to surmount the very real technical and programmatic impediments, the public interest would be well served by a positive outcome. 410 0$aCompass series (Washington, D.C.) 606 $aClimatology$xResearch$zUnited States 606 $aSatellite meteorology 606 $aArtificial satellites in earth sciences 615 0$aClimatology$xResearch 615 0$aSatellite meteorology. 615 0$aArtificial satellites in earth sciences. 676 $a551.6/07/2073 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910973819703321 996 $aIssues in the integration of research and operational satellite systems for climate research$94364749 997 $aUNINA