LEADER 05663oam 22012254 450 001 9910973781203321 005 20250426110743.0 010 $a9786612841347 010 $a9781462391110 010 $a1462391117 010 $a9781452786414 010 $a1452786410 010 $a9781451870411 010 $a1451870418 010 $a9781282841345 010 $a1282841343 035 $a(CKB)3170000000055083 035 $a(EBL)1607966 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000944161 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11503328 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000944161 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10983260 035 $a(PQKB)10048888 035 $a(OCoLC)761981611 035 $a(IMF)WPIEE2008183 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1607966 035 $a(IMF)WPIEA2008183 035 $aWPIEA2008183 035 $a(EXLCZ)993170000000055083 100 $a20020129d2008 uf 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aKernel Density Estimation Based on Grouped Data : $eThe Case of Poverty Assessment /$fCamelia Minoiu, Sanjay Reddy 205 $a1st ed. 210 1$aWashington, D.C. :$cInternational Monetary Fund,$d2008. 215 $a1 online resource (36 p.) 225 1 $aIMF Working Papers 225 0$aIMF working paper ;$vWP/08/183 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9781451914948 311 08$a1451914946 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aContents; I. Motivation; II. The Data Structure and the Bias of the Estimator; III. The Bandwidth and Kernels Considered; IV. Monte Carlo Study; A. Theoretical Distributions; B. Summary Statistics, Density Estimates and Diagrams; C. Poverty Estimates; V. Country Studies; VI. Global Poverty; VII. Conclusions; References; Appendix; Appendix Figures; 1. Distributions used in Monte Carlo analysis; 2. Bias of KDE-based density (log-normal distribution); Appendix Tables; 1. Summary statistics from KDE-based sample; 3. Bias of estimated density (multimodal distribution) 327 $a4. Bias of estimated density (Dagum distribution)2. Bias of poverty measures (Low and High Poverty Lines); 5. Bias in the poverty headcount ratio versus location of poverty line; 3. Bias of poverty measures (Triweight kernel, Poverty line: 0.25 x median); 4. Bias of poverty measures (Hybrid bandwidth, Poverty line: 0.5 x median); 5. Bias of poverty measures (Epanechnikov kernel, Silverman bandwidth); 6. Bias of poverty measures (Gaussian kernel, Poverty line: Capability); 6. Survey-based and grouped data KDE-based density estimates; 7. Global poverty rates (% poor) 327 $a8. Global poverty counts (millions) 330 3 $aWe analyze the performance of kernel density methods applied to grouped data to estimate poverty (as applied in Sala-i-Martin, 2006, QJE). Using Monte Carlo simulations and household surveys, we find that the technique gives rise to biases in poverty estimates, the sign and magnitude of which vary with the bandwidth, the kernel, the number of datapoints, and across poverty lines. Depending on the chosen bandwidth, the $1/day poverty rate in 2000 varies by a factor of 1.8, while the $2/day headcount in 2000 varies by 287 million people. Our findings challenge the validity and robustness of poverty estimates derived through kernel density estimation on grouped data. 410 0$aIMF Working Papers; Working Paper ;$vNo. 2008/183 606 $aPoverty$xMeasurement 606 $aIncome distribution$xEconometric models 606 $aKernel functions 606 $aAggregate Factor Income Distribution$2imf 606 $aDemographic Economics: General$2imf 606 $aDemography$2imf 606 $aEconometric models$2imf 606 $aEconometrics & economic statistics$2imf 606 $aEconometrics$2imf 606 $aEstimation techniques$2imf 606 $aEstimation$2imf 606 $aIncome distribution$2imf 606 $aIncome$2imf 606 $aMacroeconomics$2imf 606 $aPersonal income$2imf 606 $aPersonal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions$2imf 606 $aPopulation & demography$2imf 606 $aPopulation and demographics$2imf 606 $aPopulation$2imf 606 $aPoverty & precarity$2imf 606 $aPoverty and Homelessness$2imf 606 $aPoverty$2imf 606 $aWelfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General$2imf 607 $aNicaragua$2imf 615 0$aPoverty$xMeasurement. 615 0$aIncome distribution$xEconometric models. 615 0$aKernel functions. 615 7$aAggregate Factor Income Distribution 615 7$aDemographic Economics: General 615 7$aDemography 615 7$aEconometric models 615 7$aEconometrics & economic statistics 615 7$aEconometrics 615 7$aEstimation techniques 615 7$aEstimation 615 7$aIncome distribution 615 7$aIncome 615 7$aMacroeconomics 615 7$aPersonal income 615 7$aPersonal Income, Wealth, and Their Distributions 615 7$aPopulation & demography 615 7$aPopulation and demographics 615 7$aPopulation 615 7$aPoverty & precarity 615 7$aPoverty and Homelessness 615 7$aPoverty 615 7$aWelfare, Well-Being, and Poverty: General 676 $a339.46 700 $aMinoiu$b Camelia$0874355 701 $aReddy$b Sanjay$0602369 801 0$bDcWaIMF 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910973781203321 996 $aKernel Density Estimation Based on Grouped Data$94372836 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03822nam 22007333u 450 001 9910969179503321 005 20251116210519.0 010 $a9781452208442 010 $a1452208441 035 $a(CKB)3710000000096739 035 $a(EBL)1365090 035 $a(SSID)ssj0001180048 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)12458401 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0001180048 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)11186764 035 $a(PQKB)11601682 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1365090 035 $a(MiFhGG)9781452208442 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC1993348 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL1993348 035 $a(OCoLC)922907005 035 $a(EXLCZ)993710000000096739 100 $a20151012d2007|||| u|| | 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 10$aHow to Coach Teachers Who Don't Think Like You $eUsing Literacy Strategies to Coach Across Content Areas 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aThousand Oaks $cSAGE Publications$d2007 215 $a1 online resource (233 p.) 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9781412949095 311 08$a1412949092 327 $aCover -- Contents -- Introduction: How to Read This Book -- Acknowledgments -- About the Author -- Chapter 1 - Moving From Teaching Students to Coaching Teachers -- Chapter 2 - Organizing to Save Stress, Time, and Mistakes: Your Personal Tool Kit -- Chapter 3 - Coaching Teachers Who Don't Think Like You -- Chapter 4 - Coaching in a Variety of Settings: Experienced Coaches Share Their Success Stories -- Chapter 5 - Scheduling Time for Coaching -- Chapter 6 - Analyzing Coaching Scenarios -- Chapter 7 - Using Classroom Demonstrations and Professional Development Workshops as Coaching Tools -- Chapter 8 - Using Literacy Strategies Across Content Areas to Improve Student Achievement -- Chapter 9 - Coaching Teams of Teachers to Improve Instruction -- Chapter 10 - Coaching Teachers to Write and Reflect Upon Their Instructional Practices -- Chapter 11 - Coaching Teachers as Writers: A Writing Workshop Model -- Final Words -- Appendices -- Bibliography and Recommended Web Sites -- Index. 330 $aThis how-to resource encourages teachers to write and reflect upon their practices in a unique approach to coaching that bridges content areas and honors distinctive learning styles. 606 $aEnglish language -- Composition and exercises -- Study and teaching (Elementary) 606 $aEnglish language -- Composition and exercises -- Study and teaching (Secondary) 606 $aTeachers -- In-service training 606 $aEnglish language$xStudy and teaching (Elementary)$xComposition and exercises 606 $aEnglish language$xStudy and teaching (Secondary)$xComposition and exercises 606 $aTeachers$xIn-service training 606 $aEducation$2HILCC 606 $aSocial Sciences$2HILCC 606 $aTheory & Practice of Education$2HILCC 615 4$aEnglish language -- Composition and exercises -- Study and teaching (Elementary). 615 4$aEnglish language -- Composition and exercises -- Study and teaching (Secondary). 615 4$aTeachers -- In-service training. 615 0$aEnglish language$xStudy and teaching (Elementary)$xComposition and exercises. 615 0$aEnglish language$xStudy and teaching (Secondary)$xComposition and exercises. 615 0$aTeachers$xIn-service training. 615 7$aEducation 615 7$aSocial Sciences 615 7$aTheory & Practice of Education 676 $a372.6/044 700 $aDavis$b Bonnie M$01853832 801 0$bAU-PeEL 801 1$bAU-PeEL 801 2$bAU-PeEL 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910969179503321 996 $aHow to Coach Teachers Who Don't Think Like You$94450564 997 $aUNINA