LEADER 05588nam 2200697 a 450 001 9910962893003321 005 20250411150636.0 010 $a9786610903467 010 $a9786611370220 010 0 $a9780191516108 010 0 $a0191516104 010 $a9781429469838 010 $a1429469838 010 $a9781281370228 010 $a1281370223 010 $a9780199289141 010 $a019928914X 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC7036867 035 $a(CKB)24235074500041 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC430472 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL430472 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10271662 035 $a(CaONFJC)MIL137022 035 $a(OCoLC)609830011 035 $a(EXLCZ)9924235074500041 100 $a20060804d2006 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur||||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aSelf-organization in the evolution of speech /$fPierre-Yves Oudeyer ; translated by James R. Hurford 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aOxford ;$aNew York $cOxford University Press$d2006 215 $axiv, 177 p. $cill 225 1 $aOxford linguistics 225 1 $aStudies in the evolution of language ;$v6 300 $aSeries title from jacket. 311 08$a9780199289141 311 08$a019928914X 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references (p. [155]-161) and index. 327 $aIntro -- Contents -- Preface -- List of Figures -- 1. The Self-Organization Revolution in Science -- 1.1 Self-organization: a new light on nature -- 1.2 Language origins -- 1.2.1 Interdisciplinarity -- 1.2.2 Computer modelling -- 2. The Human Speech Code -- 2.1 The instruments of speech -- 2.2 Articulatory phonology -- 2.3 The organization of the speech code: universals -- 2.3.1 The speech code is discrete and combinatorial -- 2.3.2 The speech code is a classification system shared by the whole linguistic community -- 2.3.3 Statistical regularities in the phoneme inventories of human languages -- 2.4 The diversity of speech codes -- 2.5 Origins, development, and form -- 3. Self-Organization and Evolution -- 3.1 Self-organization -- 3.1.1 Rayleigh-Bénard convection -- 3.1.2 Ferro-magnetization -- 3.2 Self-organization and natural selection -- 3.2.1 Classic neo-Darwinism -- 3.2.2 Self-organization: constraining the search space -- 3.2.3 Evolutionary explanations: function is not enough -- 3.2.4 Exaptation -- 3.3 Explaining the origin of living forms -- 4. Existing Theories -- 4.1 The reductionist approach -- 4.2 The functionalist approach -- 4.3 Operational scenarios -- 4.4 Going further -- 5. Artificial Systems as Research Tools -- 5.1 What is the scientific logic? -- 5.2 What is the point of constructing artificial systems? -- 6. The Artificial System -- 6.1 Mechanism -- 6.1.1 Assumption 1: neural units -- 6.1.2 Assumption 2: perceptuo-motor correspondences -- 6.1.3 Assumption 3: perception and plasticity -- 6.1.4 Assumption 4: production -- 6.1.5 Assumption 5: initial distribution of preferred vectors -- 6.1.6 Assumption 6: no coordinated interactions -- 6.1.7 What is not assumed -- 6.2 Dynamics -- 6.2.1 The case of uniform initial distribution -- 6.2.2 The case where the initial distribution is non-uniform. 327 $a6.3 Categorization and acoustic illusions -- 7. Learning Perceptuo-motor Correspondences -- 7.1 The articulatory synthesizer and a model of vowel perception -- 7.2 Dynamics: predicting human vowel systems -- 8. Strong Combinatoriality and Phonotactics -- 8.1 Temporal neurons and their self-organized death -- 8.2 The dynamic formation of phonotactics and patterns of combinations -- 8.3 The impact of articulatory and energetic constraints -- 9. New Scenarios -- 9.1 Compatibility with neuroscience -- 9.2 Contribution to scenarios of the origins of speech -- 9.2.1 An adaptationist scenario: an origin linked to the evolutionary advantage of linguistic communication systems -- 9.2.2 Another adaptationist scenario, with the exaptation of discreteness, shared categorization, and combinatoriality -- 9.2.3 An exaptationist scenario in which the origin of the whole speech system results from architectural side effects -- 10. Constructing for Understanding -- Bibliography -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- J -- K -- L -- M -- N -- O -- P -- Q -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Z. 330 $aPierre-Yves Oudeyer combines insights from neuroscience, evolutionary biology, and linguistics to explore questions about the origins of speech. He puts forward the startling proposal that speech can be spontaneously generated by the coupling of evolutionarily simple neural structures connecting perception and production. He tests this hypothesis through a computational system and shows that the linking of auditory and vocal motor neural nets produces syntactic rulesthat exhibit the fundamental properties of modern human speech systems. This fascinating account will interest all those interested in the evolution of speech. 410 0$aOxford linguistics. 410 0$aStudies in the evolution of language ;$v6. 606 $aLanguage and languages$xOrigin 606 $aSpeech 606 $aSelf-organizing systems 615 0$aLanguage and languages$xOrigin. 615 0$aSpeech. 615 0$aSelf-organizing systems. 676 $a401.9 700 $aOudeyer$b Pierre-Yves$01123679 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910962893003321 996 $aSelf-Organization in the Evolution of Speech$92899949 997 $aUNINA LEADER 04379oam 2200625 c 450 001 9910973401503321 005 20251102090541.0 010 $a9783838272542 010 $a3838272544 024 3 $a9783838272542 035 $a(CKB)4100000007801714 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC5782659 035 $a(Perlego)862231 035 $a(ibidem)9783838272542 035 $a(EXLCZ)994100000007801714 100 $a20251102d2019 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$a[T]axing Greenhouse Gases $eAn Australian Perspective /$fLex Fullarton 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aHannover$cibidem$d2019 215 $a1 online resource (245 pages) 311 08$a9783838212548 311 08$a3838212541 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntro -- Table of Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Abbreviations -- Preface -- Chapter One: Overview -- Part I: Carbon Taxes and the Triple Bottom Line -- Chapter Two: The Sustainability Development Framework or Triple Bottom Line -- Chapter Three: Global Warming and the Carbon Cycle -- Chapter Four: Tax Defined -- Chapter Five: Carbon Taxes -- Chapter Six: Australia's Carbon Taxes -- Chapter Seven: Clean Energy Act 2011 (Cth) (2011?14) -- Chapter Eight: Renewable Energy (Electricity) Act 2000 (Cth) -- PART II: Australia's Renewable Energy Target -- Chapter Nine: Introduction -- Chapter Ten: Review of REE Act Litigation and Published Literature -- Chapter Eleven: Australia's Renewable Energy Target -- Chapter Twelve: How the Renewable Energy (Electricity) Act 2000 Functions -- Chapter Thirteen: Australian Income and Goods and Services Tax Considerations -- Chapter Fourteen: Accounting for Carbon Credit (REC) Trading -- Chapter Fifteen: Conclusion -- PART III: The Impact of the Changing Technology of Motor Vehicles on Road Tax Revenue -- Chapter Sixteen: Introduction -- Chapter Seventeen: A Brief History of the Australian Fuel Excise -- Chapter Eighteen: Review of Published Literature -- Chapter Nineteen: Research Method -- Chapter Twenty: Government Agency Reports -- Chapter Twenty One: PHEV Case Study -- Chapter Twenty Two: PART III Conclusion -- Chapter Twenty Three: Conclusion -- Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Bibliography -- Index. 330 $aLex Fullarton takes a closer look at the three pillars of the sustainable development framework known as the Triple Bottom Line (TBL). The concept of the TBL is that for a project to be sustainable it must not simply be profitable in economic terms, but it must also benefit society and enhance the natural environment. In the 21st century, the greatest threat to Earth?s natural environment and the population of the planet is the rise of greenhouse gas emissions caused from burning fossil fuel as an energy source. The rise of GHG emissions has resulted in a rise in the ambient air temperature of the Earth?s atmosphere and is resulting in a significant change in climatic conditions on Earth. Fullarton scrutinizes the problem of getting industry and governments to understand the significance of creating harmony within the TBL. One of the main problems is that partisan politics tends to fragment the factors of the TBL rather than bring them together. Fullarton takes a strong stand in suggesting that taxation systems, which have traditionally been viewed primarily as a means of raising government finance, can be effectively applied to influence industrial and consumer attitudes towards transiting away from polluting fossil-fuel energy sources towards non-polluting renewable energy use. 606 $aGreenhouse Gases 606 $aTaxes 606 $aTreibhausgase 606 $aSteuern 606 $aUmweltverschmutzung 606 $aAustralien 606 $aAustralia 606 $apollution 615 4$aGreenhouse Gases 615 4$aTaxes 615 4$aTreibhausgase 615 4$aSteuern 615 4$aUmweltverschmutzung 615 4$aAustralien 615 4$aAustralia 615 4$apollution 676 $a363.738746 700 $aFullarton$b Lex$cDr.$4aut$01637998 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910973401503321 996 $aAxing greenhouse gases$94078658 997 $aUNINA