LEADER 02778nam 2200673Ia 450 001 9910972972003321 005 20200520144314.0 010 $a9781589018891 010 $a1589018893 035 $a(CKB)3170000000046484 035 $a(EBL)877168 035 $a(OCoLC)782879891 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000601755 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11420113 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000601755 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10565523 035 $a(PQKB)10472860 035 $a(MdBmJHUP)muse17394 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL877168 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10547386 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC877168 035 $a(Perlego)949696 035 $a(EXLCZ)993170000000046484 100 $a20110824d2012 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 14$aThe politics of policy change $ewelfare, Medicare, and social security reform in the United States /$fDaniel Beland and Alex Waddan 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, DC $cGeorgetown University Press$dc2012 215 $a1 online resource (236 p.) 225 1 $aAmerican governance and public policy series 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a9781589018846 311 08$a1589018842 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntroduction -- Welfare reform, 1996 -- Medicare reform, 2003 -- The failed attempt at social security reform, 2005 -- Conclusion. 330 $aFor generations, debating the expansion or contraction of the American welfare state has produced some of the nation's most heated legislative battles. Attempting social policy reform is both risky and complicated, especially when it involves dealing with powerful vested interests, sharp ideological disagreements, and a nervous public. The Politics of Policy Change compares and contrasts recent developments in three major federal policy areas in the United States: welfare, Medicare, and Social Security. Daniel Be?land and Alex Waddan argue that we should pay close attention to the role of ideas 410 0$aAmerican governance and public policy. 606 $aMedicare 606 $aPublic welfare$zUnited States 606 $aSocial security$zUnited States 607 $aUnited States$xPolitics and government 607 $aUnited States$xSocial policy 615 0$aMedicare. 615 0$aPublic welfare 615 0$aSocial security 676 $a361.6/10973 700 $aBeland$b Daniel$01179742 701 $aWaddan$b Alex$f1964-$01794368 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910972972003321 996 $aThe politics of policy change$94334962 997 $aUNINA LEADER 03015nam 22005535 450 001 9910682596403321 005 20251008153442.0 010 $a9783031169410$b(electronic bk.) 010 $z9783031169403 024 7 $a10.1007/978-3-031-16941-0 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC7214595 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL7214595 035 $a(CKB)26271277100041 035 $a(DE-He213)978-3-031-16941-0 035 $a(PPN)269095586 035 $a(EXLCZ)9926271277100041 100 $a20230314d2023 u| 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcnu|||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 10$aGroup Verbal Decision Analysis $eTheory and Applications /$fby Alexey B. Petrovsky 205 $a1st ed. 2023. 210 1$aCham :$cSpringer International Publishing :$cImprint: Springer,$d2023. 215 $a1 online resource (253 pages) 225 1 $aStudies in Systems, Decision and Control,$x2198-4190 ;$v451 311 08$aPrint version: Petrovsky, Alexey B. Group Verbal Decision Analysis Cham : Springer International Publishing AG,c2023 9783031169403 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references. 327 $aBasic Concepts of Decision Theory -- Individual and Collective Decisions -- Group Ordering of Multi-Attribute Objects. . 330 $aThis book describes an original approach to solving tasks of individual and collective choice: classification, ranking, and selection of multi-attribute objects. Object representation with multisets allows considering simultaneously numerical and symbolic variables. In group verbal decision analysis, judgments of all participants are taken into account without a compromise between contradictory. Natural language is used to describe problems and objects, formalize knowledge of experts and preferences of decision makers, and explain results. Verbal methods and technologies are more transparent, less laborious for a person, and weakly sensitive to measurement errors. The book also includes examples of applying new tools in real ill-structured high-dimensional choice tasks. It is intended for researchers, managers, consultants, analysts, and developers as well as for teachers and students of applied mathematics, computer science, information processing, engineering, economics, and management. 410 0$aStudies in Systems, Decision and Control,$x2198-4190 ;$v451 606 $aAutomatic control 606 $aComputational intelligence 606 $aControl and Systems Theory 606 $aComputational Intelligence 615 0$aAutomatic control. 615 0$aComputational intelligence. 615 14$aControl and Systems Theory. 615 24$aComputational Intelligence. 676 $a658.403 676 $a519.542 700 $aPetrovskii?$b A. B$g(Aleksei? Borisovich),$01366894 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 912 $a9910682596403321 996 $aGroup verbal decision analysis$93389417 997 $aUNINA