LEADER 07732nam 2200649 a 450 001 9910972856603321 005 20251116181725.0 010 $a1-61668-000-8 035 $a(CKB)2550000001042476 035 $a(EBL)3020241 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000880522 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11454642 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000880522 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10895701 035 $a(PQKB)11662864 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3020241 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3020241 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10676389 035 $a(OCoLC)834604202 035 $a(BIP)27212468 035 $a(EXLCZ)992550000001042476 100 $a20090601d2009 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aur|n|---||||| 181 $ctxt 182 $cc 183 $acr 200 00$aBioethanol $eproduction, benefits and economics /$fJason B. Erbaum, editor 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aNew York $cNova Science Publishers, Inc.$dc2009 215 $a1 online resource (213 p.) 225 1 $aEnergy science, engineering and technology series 300 $aDescription based upon print version of record. 311 08$a1-60741-697-2 320 $aIncludes bibliographical references and index. 327 $aIntro -- BIOETHANOL: PRODUCTION, BENEFITS AND ECONOMICS -- BIOETHANOL: PRODUCTION, BENEFITS AND ECONOMICS -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS PRETREATMENT FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- OVERVIEW OF BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION FROM LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS -- IMPACT OF LIGNOCELLULOSIC BIOMASS COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE ON HYDROLYSIS -- Cellulose Crystallinity -- Specific Surface Area -- Degree of Polymerization -- Cellulose Protection by Lignin -- Hemicellulose Sheathing -- Degree of Hemicellulose Acetylation -- GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS ON PRETREATMENT -- PRETREATMENT PROCESSES -- Physical Pretreatment -- Chemical Pretreatment -- Biological Pretreatment -- Combination Pretreatment -- CHARACTERISTICS OF PRETREATMENT PRODUCT STREAMS -- CURRENT STATUS AND CHALLENGES -- FUTURE RESEARCH -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 2 MEETING EU BIOETHANOL TARGETS THROUGH IMPROVEMENTS IN WHEAT GRAIN QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY IN EUROPE -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- INCREASING PRODUCTION -- POTENTIAL TO INCREASE WHEAT ALCOHOL PRODUCTION WITHOUT ADDITIONAL CHANGES IN GRAIN COMPOSITION -- INCREASING GRAIN YIELDS -- Increasing Grain Yield - Western Europe -- Increasing Grain Yields - Eastern Europe -- INCREASING AREA OF LAND SOWN TO WHEAT -- Increasing Area in Western Europe -- Increasing Area in Eastern Europe -- IMPROVEMENT OF WHEAT GRAIN AS A FEEDSTOCK FOR BIOETHANOL -- Starch and Sugar Contents -- Losses during Starch Conversion and Fermentation -- Protein Content -- OPPORTUNITIES FOR GREENHOUSE GAS SAVINGS FROM WHEAT BIOETHANOL -- NITROGEN FERTILISER EFFECTS ON WHEAT -- Nitrogen Use and Grain Yields in UK Wheat -- Nitrogen Use and Grain Yields in East European Wheat -- Alternative Cereals to Wheat for Bioethanol in Europe -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES. 327 $aChapter 3 DEVELOPMENT OF EXTRACTIVE PROCESSES AND ROBUST MATHEMATICAL MODEL FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION -- ABSTRACT -- NOMENCLATURE -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 1.1. Vinasse Generation and Water Consumption in Fermentation Existing Processes -- 2. EXTRACTIVE PROCESSES FOR ETHANOL PRODUCTION -- 2.1. Gas Stripping -- 2.2. Solvent Extraction -- 2.3. Pervaporation -- 2.4. Extractive Processes under Vacuum -- 3. REDUCTION OF OPERATIONAL COSTS BY ROBUST MODELING -- 3.1. Source of Variations in Fermentative Processes -- 3.2. Plackett-Burman (PB) Methodology for Screening of Kinetic Parameters for Re-Estimation Problem -- 3.3. Mathematical Modeling of an Extractive Process under Vacuum -- Overall Mass Balance in Extractive Process -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 4 EXTREMELY THERMOPHILIC ENZYMES: THEIR UTILIZATION IN AGRICULTURAL WASTE CONVERSION FOR BIOETHANOL PRODUCTION -- ABSTRACT -- LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS -- INTRODUCTION -- MATERIALS AND METHODS -- Materials -- Sugar Analysis of Raw BSG -- BSG Pretreatment -- Enzyme Cocktail Preparation and Enzyme Assays -- Saccharification Process -- Analysis of the Sugars Released -- RESULTS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 5 BIOETHANOL FROM STARCH OR SUGAR: ENERGY SECURITY AND LIFE CYCLE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS -- ABSTRACT -- 1. INTRODUCTION -- 2. WHY DO LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENTS OF TRANSPORT BIOFUEL LIFE CYCLES DISAGREE ABOUT GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS AND CUMULATIVE FOSSIL FUEL INPUTS? -- 3. PREFERRED WAYS FOR DOING LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT -- 4. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS OF FUEL ETHANOL AND CONVENTIONAL GASOLINE -- 5. CUMULATIVE FOSSIL FUEL DEMAND AND NET ENERGY YIELDS OF BIOETHANOL -- 6. DIVERGENCE BETWEEN CUMULATIVE FOSSIL FUEL DEMAND AND GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 6 ANALYSIS OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION OF DISTILLATION OPTIONS TO OBTAIN HIGH-PURITY BIOETHANOL -- ABSTRACT. 327 $aINTRODUCTION -- PROBLEM STATEMENT -- DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION PROCEDURES -- COMPUTATIONAL FRAMEWORK -- RESULTS -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 7 METHANOL CONTENT IN BIODIESEL ESTIMATED BY FLASH POINT AND ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- PREPARATION OF BIODIESEL SAMPLES -- Characterization of Biodiesel According to International Standards -- Preparation of Biodiesel Samples with Known Methanol Content -- DETERMINATION OF FLASH POINT -- MEASUREMENT OF PERMITTIVITY AND CONDUCTIVITY IN LIQUIDS -- DETERMINATION OF THE TEMPERATURE DEPENDENCE OF ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF BIODIESEL -- CORRELATION BETWEEN FLASH POINT AND METHANOL CONTENT IN BIODIESEL -- PERMITTIVITY AND CONDUCTIVITY IN BIODIESEL CONTAINING METHANOL -- CONCLUSION -- ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 8 CORN ETHANOL ALLURE PLUMMETS -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 9 BIOFUELS -- A. BIOETHANOL -- 1. Introduction -- 2. State of the Science -- 2.1. Ethanol Biosynthesis: Overview -- 2.2. Feedstock Options -- 2.3. Cellulase Engineering -- 2.4. Fermentation Technologies -- 2.5. Coproduct Development -- 3. Research Priorities -- 4. Commercialization -- 4.1. Cellulases -- 4.2. Ethanol Plants -- REFERENCES -- Chapter 10 ADVANCED BIOETHANOL TECHNOLOGY* -- BIODIESEL -- ETHANOL -- Chapter 11 FUEL ETHANOL: BACKGROUND AND PUBLIC POLICY ISSUES? -- ABSTRACT -- INTRODUCTION -- Ethanol and the Agricultural Economy -- ETHANOL REFINING AND PRODUCTION -- FUEL CONSUMPTION -- RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN CELLULOSIC FEEDSTOCKS -- COSTS AND BENEFITS OF FUEL ETHANOL -- Economic Effects -- Air Quality -- Climate Change -- Energy Security -- POLICY CONCERNS AND CONGRESSIONAL ACTIVITY -- Phase 2. Reformulated Gasoline -- MTBE -- Alcohol Fuel Tax Incentives[55] -- CONCLUSION -- REFERENCES -- INDEX -- Blank Page. 330 $aThe principle fuel used as a petrol substitute for road transport vehicles is bioethanol. Bioethanol fuel is mainly produced by the sugar fermentation process, although it can also be manufactured by the chemical process of reacting ethylene with steam. This volume collects the latest research in the field. 410 0$aEnergy science, engineering and technology series. 606 $aAlcohol as fuel 606 $aBiomass energy 606 $aAlcohol as fuel$xEconomic aspects 606 $aBiomass energy$xEconomic aspects 615 0$aAlcohol as fuel. 615 0$aBiomass energy. 615 0$aAlcohol as fuel$xEconomic aspects. 615 0$aBiomass energy$xEconomic aspects. 676 $a662/.6692 701 $aErbaum$b Jason B$01869551 801 0$bMiAaPQ 801 1$bMiAaPQ 801 2$bMiAaPQ 906 $aBOOK 912 $a9910972856603321 996 $aBioethanol$94477726 997 $aUNINA