LEADER 02127nas 2200409 n 450 001 990008933300403321 005 20240229084340.0 011 $a0223-3940 035 $a000893330 035 $aFED01000893330 035 $a(Aleph)000893330FED01 035 $a000893330 091 $2CNR$aP 00002152 100 $a20090724b19611967km-y0itaa50------ba 101 0 $afre 110 $aauu-------- 200 1 $aBulletin signalétique. CNRS. Section 16: Biologie et physiologie animales 207 1$a1961-1967 210 $aParis$cCentre de documentation du Centre national de la recherche scientifique 433 0$1001000893328$12001$aBulletin signalétique. CNRS. Section 16 A: Biologie et physiologie animales 433 0$1001000893329$12001$aBulletin signalétique. CNRS. Section 16 B: Endocrinologie et reproduction, génétique 443 0$1001000893315$12001$aBulletin signalétique. CNRS. 2. partie: Sciences biologiques, sciences pharmacologiques, industries alimentaires, agriculture 530 0 $aBulletin signalétique. CNRS. Section 16: Biologie et physiologie animales 675 $a591.1 675 $a016 675 $a591 712 02$aCentre national de la recherche scientifique$c 801 0$aIT$bACNP$c20090723 859 4 $uhttp://acnp.cib.unibo.it/cgi-ser/start/it/cnr/dc-p1.tcl?catno=1099&person=false&language=ITALIANO&libr=&libr_th=unina1$zBiblioteche che possiedono il periodico 901 $aSE 912 $a990008933300403321 958 $aBiblioteca. Dipartimento di Strutture, Funzioni e Tecnologie Biologiche dell'Università Federico II$b1961-1967.$fDMVSF 959 $aDMVSF 996 $aBulletin signalétique. CNRS. Section 16: Biologie et physiologie animales$9798144 997 $aUNINA AP1 8 $6866-01$aNA090 Biblioteca. Dipartimento di Strutture, Funzioni e Tecnologie Biologiche dell'Università Federico II$ev. Delpino,1, Napoli (NA)$m(081) 440120$nit AP2 40$aacnp.cib.unibo.it$nACNP Italian Union Catalogue of Serials$uhttp://acnp.cib.unibo.it/cgi-ser/start/it/cnr/df-p.tcl?catno=1099&language=ITALIANO&libr=&person=&B=1&libr_th=unina&proposto=NO LEADER 01041nam0-22003011i-450 001 990004255930403321 005 20240419111846.0 035 $a000425593 100 $a19990604d19461952km-y0itay50------ba 101 0 $aeng 105 $a 001yy 200 1 $aAeschylus$fWith an English Translation by Herbert Weir Smyth 210 $aLondon$cHeinemann$d[stampa 1946-1952] 215 $a2 v.$d18 cm 225 1 $a<>Loeb classical library$v145$v146 305 $avol. 1.: 1st print. 1922; vol. 2: 1st print. 1926 327 0 $a1.: Suppliant maidens; Persians; Prometheus; Seven against Thebes$a2.: Agamemnon; Libation-Bearers; Eumenides; Fragments 676 $a882.01 700 1$aAeschylus$f$0153340 702 1$aSmyth,$bHerbert Weir$f<1857-1937> 801 0$aIT$bUNINA$gRICA$2UNIMARC 901 $aBK 912 $a990004255930403321 952 $aP2B 600 LCL 145$bBibl.25854$fFLFBC 952 $aP2B 600 LCL 146$bBibl.22655$fFLFBC 959 $aFLFBC 996 $aAeschylus$9283551 997 $aUNINA LEADER 11790nam 2200817Ia 450 001 9910970737103321 005 20251017110056.0 010 $a9786610221493 010 $a9781280221491 010 $a1280221496 010 $a9780309542678 010 $a0309542677 010 $a9780585149103 010 $a0585149100 035 $a(CKB)110986584750784 035 $a(OCoLC)427404677 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebrary10062844 035 $a(SSID)ssj0000217481 035 $a(PQKBManifestationID)11190072 035 $a(PQKBTitleCode)TC0000217481 035 $a(PQKBWorkID)10213258 035 $a(PQKB)11484247 035 $a(MiAaPQ)EBC3376961 035 $a(Au-PeEL)EBL3376961 035 $a(CaPaEBR)ebr10062844 035 $a(OCoLC)814282643 035 $a(Perlego)4737630 035 $a(DNLM)628012 035 $a(EXLCZ)99110986584750784 100 $a19870416d1987 uy 0 101 0 $aeng 135 $aurcn||||||||| 181 $ctxt$2rdacontent 182 $cc$2rdamedia 183 $acr$2rdacarrier 200 00$aPain and disability $eclinical, behavioral, and public policy perspectives /$fInstitute of Medicine, Committee on Pain, Disability, and Chronic Illness Behavior ; Marian Osterweis, Arthur Kleinman, and David Mechanic, editors 205 $a1st ed. 210 $aWashington, D.C. $cNational Academy Press$d1987 215 $a1 online resource (ix, 306 pages) 300 $aBibliographic Level Mode of Issuance: Monograph 311 0 $a9780309074582 311 0 $a0309074584 311 0 $a9780309037372 311 0 $a0309037379 320 $aIncludes bibliographies and index. 327 $aPain and Disability -- Copyright -- PREFACE AND ACKNOWLEDGMENTS -- Contents -- SUMMARY -- CHRONIC PAIN -- SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION DISABILITY PROGRAMS -- Problems in the System -- CRITICAL GAPS IN KNOWLEDGE -- RECOMMENDATIONS -- 1 Introduction -- Overview of the Report -- A Note about Definitions -- References -- PART I THE PROBLEM OF PAIN FOR THE SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION -- 2 The Sociopolitical Background of the Pain Issue -- THE LEGISLATIVE BACKGROUND OF THE PAIN PROBLEM IN DISABILITY INSURANCE -- Early History of Social Security Disability -- Physicians' Concerns About Medically Determined Disability -- The Concept of Impairment -- Disability and the Labor Market -- The 1984 Amendments -- DISABILITY, PAIN, AND DISTRIBUTIVE JUSTICE -- References -- 3 Disability Determination and the Role Of Pain -- OVERVIEW OF THE SOCIAL SECURITY DISABILITY SYSTEM -- The Programs -- Program Definitions -- The Application and Evaluation Process -- The Appeals Process -- Program Benefits -- Incentives for Rehabilitation and Return to Work -- PAIN'S ROLE IN THE DETERMINATION OF DISABILITY -- Pain in Social Security Law and Regulation -- Pain and the Application Process -- Pain and the Sequential Evaluation Process -- Pain and the Courts -- COMPARISON WITH OTHER DISABILITY COMPENSATION PROGRAMS -- Veterans Administration -- The Role of Pain -- Workers' Compensation -- The Role of Pain -- Private Disability Insurance -- The Role of Pain -- Disability Compensation Programs in Western Europe -- References -- 4 Conflicts And Contradictions In The Disability Program -- CONGRESS AND THE SOCIAL SECURITY ADMINISTRATION -- TENSIONS WITHIN THE PROGRAM -- Medical Definitions Versus Functional Concept -- Income Support Versus Rehabilitation -- Physicians, Claimants, and Administrators -- Administrative Law Judges Versus Program Administrators. 327 $aTHE FEDERAL COURTS AND CHRONIC DISABLING PAIN -- COMPENSATION AND INCENTIVES -- Importance of Job Satisfaction -- Program Rules as an Explanation of Labor Supply -- Employment Opportunity as a Determinant of Labor Supply -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- PART II THE EXTENT AND COST OF THE PROBLEM -- 5 Economic Issues and the Cost of Disability -- DISABILITY EXPENDITURES -- Cash Transfers -- Medical Care -- Direct Services -- TRENDS IN EXPENDITURES -- Disabled Persons -- A Note About Measurement -- Number and Characteristics of the Disabled -- Benefit Levels and Beneficiaries -- Program Influences -- Program Efficiency -- PREVENTING DISABILITY BY REALLOCATING FUNDS -- THE ECONOMICS OF PAIN: GAPS IN THE LITERATURE -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 6 The Epidemiology of Chronic Pain and Work Disability -- METHODOLOGICAL ISSUES -- Definitions and Measures of Chronic Pain -- Study Samples -- Methods of Data Collection -- PAIN AND ITS CONSEQUENCES -- What Kinds of Chronic Pain Do People Have? -- Incidence and Prevalence of Relevant Outcomes -- Back Pain and Medical Care -- Descriptive Epidemiology of Chronic Pain and Disability -- Trends in Time -- Demographic Factors, Pain, and Work Disability -- Physical Factors -- Socioeconomic Status -- Psychosocial Factors -- Research Agenda -- Epidemiological Studies -- Methodological Research -- References -- PART III INFLUENCES ON PAIN AND PAIN BEHAVIOR -- 7 The Anatomy and Physiology of Pain -- PAIN PROCESSES -- Transduction -- Transmission -- Peripheral Nervous System -- Pain Pathways In the Central Nervous System -- Sensory Versus Affective Aspects of Pain -- Modulation -- PHYSIOLOGICAL PROCESSES THAT ENHANCE PAIN AND MAY LEAD TO CHRONICITY -- Sensitization -- Hyperactivity of the Sympathetic Nervous System: Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy -- Muscle Contraction. 327 $aSelf-Sustaining Painful Processes: Livingston's ''Vicious Circle'' -- Neuropathic Pain -- Acute Versus Chronic Pain -- POTENTIAL METHODS OF PHYSIOLOGICAL MONITORING -- References -- 8 Illness Behavior and the Experience of Pain -- ILLNESS BEHAVIOR: AN INTEGRATING CONCEPT -- THE PROCESS OF ILLNESS BEHAVIOR -- Symptom Perception -- Meaning Attribution -- Expression and Communication -- Help-Seeking Behavior and Other Coping Responses -- THE INFLUENCE OF PERSONALITY, FAMILIAL, AND SOCIOCULTURAL FACTORS ON ILLNESS BEHAVIOR -- Personality and Illness Behavior -- Family Influences -- Cultural Influences -- CONCLUSIONS -- References -- 9 Psychiatric Aspects of Chronic Pain -- EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CERTAIN PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS -- CHRONIC PAIN, DEPRESSION, AND ANXIETY -- Chronic Pain, Depression, and Somatoform Disorders -- A Neurobiological View of Chronic Pain and Depression -- Depression as a Consequence of Chronic Pain -- Depressive Symptoms as a Consequence of Drug Therapy -- TREATMENT OF DEPRESSIVE DISORDERS IN THE CHRONIC PAIN PATIENT -- Psychotherapeutic Treatment -- Psychopharmacological Treatment of Pain -- ADDICTION AND ALCOHOLISM -- PERSONALITY FACTORS AND CHRONIC PAIN -- RESEARCH ON PSYCHIATRIC ASPECTS OF CHRONIC PAIN -- References -- PART IV ASSESSING AND TREATING PAIN AND DYSFUNCTION -- 10 Chronic Pain in Medical Practice -- CLINICAL DECISION MAKING -- The Diagnostic Process -- Treatment of the Pain and the Disorder: The Medical Model -- DIAGNOSING AND MANAGING THE PATIENT WITH PAIN: AN EXPANDED MODEL -- WHY IS THE DIAGNOSIS OF CHRONIC PAIN SO ELUSIVE? -- Unknown Disease Processes -- Overlooked Diagnoses -- Controversial Diagnoses -- Myofascial Trigger Point Syndromes -- Fibrositis or Fibromyalgia -- Articular Dysfunction -- IMPROVING DIAGNOSIS, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION -- Diagnosis -- Treatment Of Chronic Pain -- Bed Rest And Restricted Activity. 327 $aDrug Therapy -- Surgical Treatment -- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CLINICAL RESEARCH -- References -- 11 Measuring Pain And Dysfunction -- BASIC CONCEPTS OF MEASUREMENT -- MEASUREMENT TOOLS -- Measurement Of Subjective Pain States -- Self-Report: Data From Introspection -- Self-Report Methods Using A Single Dimension -- Self-Report Of Pain In Several Dimensions -- Pain As Behavior: Observational Data -- Pain Judgments By Health Care Providers -- Measurement Of Pain Behavior -- Mixed Methods: Self-Reports Of Pain Behaviors -- RELATED MEASURES OF DISABILITY -- Pain And Functional Status -- Disability Assessment -- Sickness Impact -- Assessment of Work Performance -- Severity of Pain and Dysfunction -- FACTORS BIASING PAIN MEASUREMENT -- Personal Meaning -- Coping -- Memory for Pain -- Attributional Factors -- Medication Toxicity -- SUMMARY -- IMPLICATIONS FOR SSA DISABILITY ASSESSMENT -- MEASUREMENT PANELISTS -- References -- 12 Rehabilitation Approaches And Issues In Chronic Pain -- THE REHABILITATION APPROACH -- PAIN MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS: AN OVERVIEW -- The Need for Standards -- REHABILITATION TECHNIQUES FOR PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PAIN -- Physical Modalities -- Behavior Modification -- Patient Education -- Psychosocial Rehabilitation -- Stress Management -- Medical Interventions for Pain Control -- Attention to Myofascial Trigger Points -- Use of Drugs -- Nerve Blocks and Epidural Steroid Injections -- Vocational Rehabilitation -- OUTCOMES OF PAIN MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS -- EMPLOYMENT AND COMPENSATION AS INCENTIVES OR DISINCENTIVES IN OUTCOMES OF PAIN MANAGEMENT PROGRAMS -- Employment as A Factor in Treatment Outcome -- Compensation Status as A Factor in Treatment Outcome -- Studies Suggesting a Negative Effect of Compensation on Outcome -- Studies Suggesting Little or No Negative Effect of Compensation -- REHABILITATION ISSUES IMPORTANT TO THE SSA. 327 $aThe Ssa and Vocational Rehabilitation -- Measurement and Evaluation of Pain -- The Question of Mandatory Rehabilitation -- Research and Demonstration Projects -- References -- PART V CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS -- 13 Conclusions and Recommendations -- RECOMMENDATION 1 DATA COLLECTION AT THE SSA -- RECOMMENDATION 2 NO NEW LISTINGS FOR PAIN OR ILLNESS BEHAVIOR -- RECOMMENDATION 3 SIGNIFICANT PAIN' SHOULD TRIGGER AN ASSESSMENT -- RECOMMENDATION 4 DEMONSTRATION PROJECTS -- Demonstration: The Feasibility and Consequences of Early Assessment -- Simple Assessment Tool -- Early Face-to-Face Hearing -- Integrated Functional Assessment -- Demonstration Project: Does Early Rehabilitation Work? -- Incentives and Disincentives for Rehabilitation -- The HHS Pain Commission's Proposal -- Demonstration Project for Early Rehabilitation -- Evaluation of the Demonstrations -- A Note About Research with Human Subjects -- RECOMMENDATION 5 RESEARCH AGENDA -- Epidemiological Initiatives -- Clinical Research -- Health Services Research -- Improved Methodology and Multidisciplinary Research -- RECOMMENDATION 6 EDUCATION TO IMPROVE THE CLINICAL CARE AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC PAIN PATIENTS -- APPENDIX -- MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROMES DUE TO TRIGGER POINTS -- MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROMES: HOW COMMON ARE THEY? -- Why Are Myofascial Pain Syndromes So Common? -- HISTORICAL BACKGROUND -- NATURAL HISTORY -- DIAGNOSIS -- PERPETUATING FACTORS -- TREATMENT -- REFERENCES -- INDEX. 330 $aEvaluating claims based on pain poses problems for the Social Security Administration (SSA) and other disability insurers. 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